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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In seven patients, six with Crohn's disease and one with pancreatitis, two methods of parenteral nutrition were compared: the partial consecutive administration of the components of a parenteral nutrition regimen versus the administration of all nutrients simultaneously. With respect to the consecutive regimen, the simultaneous infusion regimen gave an improvement in the nitrogen balance of 13% and a decrease in urinary lactic acid of about 50%. Urinary excretion of alpha-amino nitrogen, glucose, and fructose was very small in both cases but was slightly lower during the simultaneous infusion regimen. The improvement in the nitrogen balance attained with the simultaneous infusion regimen can be explained by the fact that infused nutrients, especially carbohydrates, cause fewer metabolic disturbances. The simultaneous infusion regimen has three other advantages. The patients rarely complain of headache and nausea, the infusion regimen is markedly simplified and the risk of contamination when nutrients are added to the infusion bottles in the ward is considerably diminished.
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PMID:Simultaneous and consecutive administration of nutrients in parenteral nutrition. 11 Jan 30

A 3-yr-old boy was investigated for numerous episodes of fatigue, irritability, pallor, and sweating, which began at 11 mo of age, when he had an episode of symptomatic hypoglycemia with ketonuria. He had euphoria, mental confusion, drowsiness, nausea, and vomiting 1-5 hr after oral administration of glycerol in doses of 0.5-1.0gm/kg. Orally administered MCT (1 gm/kg) had similar effects. On one occasion, oral glycerol also provoked hypoglycemia, as had a 16 1/2 hr fast. Intravenously administered glycerol (0.09 gm/kg) induced an immediate loss of consciousness from which he recovered spontaneously after 30 min; there were no changes in blood glucose values. Intravenously administered fructose (0.25 gm/kg) was tolerated normally. Leukocytes showed normal activities for FDPase, glycerol kinase, and glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase. The restriction of dietary intake of fat has been associated with a marked improvement in physical and mental activities. These observations suggest a unique, yet undifined intolerance to glycerol, which suggest caution in the diagnostic use of glycerol in the investigation of hypoglycemia as well as in the therapy of increased intracranial or intraocular pressure.
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PMID:Glycerol intolerance in a child with intermittent hypoglycemia. 16 54

The effect of the intramuscular injection of various doses of glucagon in 15 healthy subjects was studied. Significant elevations of plasma ACTH, and cortisol were found to occur 3 h after the administration of 4 mg of crystalline glucagon. Mean levels in 7 subjects were for ACTH 44 +/- 30 (SD) pg/ml, and for cortisol 14 +/- 6 (SD) mug/100 ml at the beginning of the test, and rose to 109 +/- 48 (SD) pg/ml and to 23 +/- 5 (SD) mug/100 ml respectively following glucagon. The peak response of ACTH and cortisol was preceded by a significant rise of plasma insulin, by a fall of the blood glucose, which was initially increased by the administration of glucagon, and by the symptoms of nausea and sweating. This study demonstrates that the intramuscluar administration of glucagon (4 mg) provids a potent stimulus to ACTH and cortisol secretion in healthy subjects.
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PMID:ACTH and cortisol responses to glucagon stimulation. 18 12

It is today's general medical opinion that children's diabetes mellitus was uncommon in the past. It was generally admitted at that time the initail stages were so sudden as to make difficut its early diagnosis. It's increased incidence is at present an alarming truth; however, a parallel increase of diabetic coma or of mulminant types has rather dropped. Diabetes may be diagnosed by just considering the main symptoms at the onset which are polydipsia, polyuria and weight loss. If an early diagnosis is not made, acidosis (abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting) may appear within a few days or weeks followed by coma (Kussamul's acidotic respiration and dehydration). Coma may be avoided by an early diagnosis and a life may be saved. It must be stressed that an important percentage of children and adolescents show a slow and gradual evolution (week or months) of their diabetes: gradual weight loss, sometimes with noticeable polyphagia, occasional enuresis, but without other associated symptoms. Asymptomatic, intermittent glucosurias are also frequent; they vary in magnitude an almost always they appear without ketonuria and with fasting normal glycemia. According to our experience they may precede in weeks or months the clinical manifestations of the disease. Postprandial glycemia is a sure diagnostic resource; it is of greater trustworthines than fasting glycemia; therefore we advise it as a routine diagnostic procedure which we recommend widely. In uncertain situations, the oral glucose tolerance test is advisable.
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PMID:[Diabetes mellitus in childhood and adolescence. Clinical types]. 48 58

The absorption and excretion of a new doxycycline solution for intravenous use (DOTC iv) were studied with the following results. 1. Serum levels following one shot intravenous injection of DOTC iv in glucose solution showed a good dose-response comparable with that of the same dose injection of pyrrolidinomethyltetracycline (PRM-TC). The urinary excretion was also examined. In 200 mg injection, nausea, general warm feeling, odor in mouth and tongue numbness were complained. 2. When DOTC iv was injected intramuscularly, the serum level did not reach the peak value and low level continued for a long time. Moderate local pain was complained at the site of injection. 3. The serum level following drip infection of DOTC dry fill showed a dose-response as well. The local vein tolerated well. 4. No abnormalities were found in clinical and laboratory examinations in all volunteers.
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PMID:[Studies on the absorption and excretion of doxycycline for intravenous use (author's transl)]. 112 31

Reactive hypoglycemia was documented in ten postgastrectomy patients by a control oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Nine patients experienced nausea, flushing, and fatigue during the first hour of the test. Neuroglycopenic or adrenergic symptoms of hypoglycemia occurred in eight patients two to five hours after oral glucose. The oral administration of phenylephrine elixir, 15 mg., thirty minutes before a repeat OGTT, significantly raised thelowest plasma glucose from 37.5 +/- 2.8 mg./dl. to 45.2 +/- 3.8 mg./dl. (p less than 0.05) but did not affect the occurrence of either the early or the late symptoms. In contrast, propranolol, 10 mg., raised the lowest plasma glucose from 37.5 +/- 2.8 mg./dl. to 57 +/- 5.2 mg./dl. (p less than 0.02) and prevented the occurrence of early and late symptoms. Neither peak nor total plasma insulin levels were affected by either drug. The rate of glucose utilization, as determined by intravenous glucose tolerance tests, did not significantly change after the oral administration of either drug. It is concluded that propranolol ameliorated the symptoms and chemical hypoglycemia after oral glucose and merits more detailed study as a long-term therapy for this disorder.
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PMID:Effect of adrenergic agents on postgastrectomy hypoglycemia. 118 31

Twenty-six patients with hypertension secondary to acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis were treated by the rapid intravenous infusion of diazoxide. The average pretreatment systolic pressure was 159 mm Hg. Five minutes after administration, the average systolic pressure was 122 mm Hg (a 23% reduction). The average initial diastolic pressure was 104 mm Hg, which fell 5 minutes after diazoxide injection to 71 mm Hg (a 32% reduction). No hypotensive episodes were noted. Occasional episodes of nausea occurred. Concentrations of blood glucose increased after administration of diazoxide; however, no values were above 155 mg/dl. Diazoxide appears to be a safe antihypertensive drug that is effective in the treatment of hypertension secondary to acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis.
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PMID:Intravenous diazoxide in acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. 118 52

Acarbose, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, delays absorption of carbohydrate in the gut, thereby lowering postprandial glucose levels. Safety data on this drug have been gathered in a series of studies on animals and in extensive clinical trials in humans. Although an initial long term feeding study in rats showed an excess of renal tumours at very high dosages of acarbose (up to 300 mg/kg bodyweight daily), further evaluation with similar studies in rats, hamsters, and dogs indicated that the problem was related to carbohydrate malabsorption. With adequate glucose intake and in gavage studies, no difference in tumour incidence between placebo- and acarbose-treated groups was seen. From 1976 to 1989, safety data on acarbose were obtained in approximately 8800 patients in 2 separate groups of clinical trials, the Bayer International Clinical Data Pool and the American phase III trials. Almost all adverse experiences, as reported by 56 to 76% of patients on acarbose vs 32 to 37% of patients on placebo, were related to the digestive system and included diarrhoea, flatulence, bloating and nausea. Most symptoms were of mild to moderate intensity and tended to improve with time. In the American trials a small but significant increase in liver transaminases was seen, 3.8% in acarbose-treated patients vs 0.9% in controls together with a 1% increase in anaemia in the acarbose group. Overall, acarbose was well tolerated and the adverse experience profile was clinically acceptable.
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PMID:Safety profile of acarbose, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor. 128 May 77

The aim of this 16-week trial was to determine the safety and efficacy of a step-care regimen of ramipril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, from the minimal active dose (2.5 mg) in patients treated for mild to moderate hypertension. The trial was conducted by 102 general practitioners in 770 patients with mild to moderate hypertension. After a response rate to a 4-week placebo therapy of 9.1%, 57.0% of patients given active treatment with ramipril responded to daily doses of 2.5 mg. Ramipril 5 mg daily was effective in 55.6% of the remaining patients. There was no apparent statistically significant difference between the treatments with ramipril 10 mg or a combination of ramipril 5 mg + Lasix 20 mg daily (44.7% and 47.4% response respectively) in a 6-week double-blind arm of the study. In total, more than 90% of patients responded to treatment with ramipril by the end of the study. The incidence of adverse events was generally low, such as headache, cough, dizziness, asthenia, cramps and nausea. The incidence of cough appeared to be related both to the dosage of ramipril given and to outbreaks of influenza syndrome. Thirty-eight patients discontinued active treatment as a result of minor events such as cough, dizziness or diarrhoea, and one case each of myalgia and papular rash. There were no significant variations in laboratory parameters during the study, especially fasting blood glucose and apolipoprotein A1 and B. The results of this study provide evidence of the safety and efficacy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The French multicentre study of ramipril in ambulatory patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension. 130 60

The authors report the case of an AIDS patient with rare neurologic manifestations: primary vasculitis of the central nervous system and VIII cranial nerve dysfunction. The authors make a review on the subject, and call special attention for the differential diagnosis. In fact, the patient, a 36 year old woman, with promiscuous life, presented with dizziness, gait ataxia, nausea, headache and hypoacusia. Seven days after the admission, she noted blurred vision in both eyes and soon she became blind. The physical examination showed bilateral optic neuritis and vestibulocochlear dysfunction, stiff neck and fever. No abnormalities were detected on CT scan. CSF showed 40 mononuclear cells/mm3, 79 mg/dl of proteins and normal glucose content. Microbiological research was negative. Serum anti-HIV test was positive. The hypothesis of primary CNS vasculitis was made, and pulse methylprednisolone therapy was introduced with good recovery of neurological syndrome except for persistent amaurosis.
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PMID:[Isolated vasculitis of the central nervous system and involvement of the 8th cranial nerve: rare manifestations of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. 130 67


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