Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) participated in an open study of 6 months' treatment with either 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) or sulphapyridine (SP), the two moieties of sulphasalazine (SASP). Patients were assessed at regular intervals using clinical and biochemical tests designed to detect specific antirheumatic activity. Patients taking SP showed significant improvement in disease activity, but those taking 5-ASA did not improve, despite the fact that high serum concentrations of 5-ASA and acetyl 5-ASA were achieved. These results suggest that SP is the active moiety of SASP. Its possible mode of action is discussed. Nausea was a frequent problem in patients taking SP. Unless this can be overcome, SP is unlikely to offer any therapeutic advantages over SASP in the treatment of RA.
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PMID:A study to determine the active moiety of sulphasalazine in rheumatoid arthritis. 287 45

Benzalazine (salicylazobenzoic acid, SAB), a 5-azo derivative of 5-aminosalicylic acid, has been designed as a new therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease which might lack the frequent side effects caused by the sulfapyridine moiety of the sulfasalazine molecule (SASP). Here, we report on a prospective, randomized, double-blind comparison of SAB and SASP in patients with an acute relapse of ulcerative colitis. 43 patients with an acute relapse of ulcerative colitis proven by the pertinent endoscopic-macroscopic and histologic criteria were randomized to receive a 6-week course of either 1 g SASP (n = 21) or the equivalent dose of 0.72 g SAB (n = 22) three times a day. Both groups were comparable with respect to demographic data, previous duration and extension of the disease as well as clinical, endoscopic and histologic severity of the relapse. 1 patient on SASP had to be removed from the study due to side effects, while 3 patients on SAB were removed due to rapid worsening of the disease requiring either surgery (1 patient with toxic megacolon) or additional steroid treatment (2 patients). 2 SAB patients were lost to follow-up after substantial improvement had been observed within the first 3 weeks of treatment. In the remaining patients (20 SASP, 17 SAB), stool frequency, stool consistency and macroscopic appearance as well as histology of the diseased mucosa were improved within 6 weeks, with no significant difference between the two groups with respect to any of the parameters recorded. Side effects were recorded in 5 patients on SASP (3 with nausea, 1 with pruritus and 1 with a generalized exanthema) and in 3 patients on SAB (all nausea and vomiting; difference not statistically significant). We conclude that SAB and SASP in equivalent doses are of similar efficacy in the treatment of active ulcerative colitis.
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PMID:Prospective, randomized, double-blind comparison of benzalazine and sulfasalazine in the treatment of active ulcerative colitis. 290 88

The long term efficacy and tolerability of sulphasalazine (SASP) in the treatment of 21 patients with active classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were examined and compared with the effects of penicillamine in a similarly active group of RA patients. Nineteen of the 21 patients treated with SASP improved during the first 6 months as shown by significant changes in the clinical and laboratory variables. Clinical improvement was maintained for the remainder of the year. Improvement in laboratory variables was maintained at 9 months but showed some deterioration at 1 year. Six patients went into remission by the ARA criteria, and 16 were able to continue the drug at the end of 1 year. In addition SASP had a steroid-sparing effect in 4 of the patients on systemic steroids. No potentially dangerous side effects were encountered by the end of the first year, although 5 patients were withdrawn. Dyspepsia, nausea and abdominal discomfort were the most common side-effects, although rashes (3) and macrocytosis (2) also occurred. Eighteen of the 21 patients treated with penicillamine improved during 9 months, although there was some deterioration at 1 year. Eight patients were withdrawn because of side-effects - thrombocytopenia (5), nephrotic syndrome (1) and proteinuria (2). This study suggests that SASP has a disease modifying action maintained over a year and associated with low toxicity. It is a useful addition to the small number of second-line drugs with a possibly different mode of action.
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PMID:The long term effects of sulphasalazine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and a comparative study with penicillamine. 615 82