Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 44-year-old woman with C1q esterase inhibitor deficiency was seen in consultation for recurrent right upper quadrant abdominal discomfort, nausea, and vomiting. Each of these episodes was accompanied by concomitant peripheral edema. Initial diagnostic efforts were fruitless. In time, intermittent elevations in amylase and lipase developed, and a diagnosis of relapsing pancreatitis was made. We contend that the patient's recurrent acute pancreatitis is associated with her hereditary angioedema. Possible pathogenesis could involve intermittent intrapancreatic edema with partial ductal obstruction or loss of inhibition on the kallikrein-kinin system.
 ...
PMID:Hereditary angioedema associated with pancreatitis. 143 59

Contrast media reactions may be classified as anaphylactoid, vasomotor, severe or life threatening, and fatal. Anaphylactoid reactions mimic immunoglobulin E-mediated hypersensitivity in that signs may consist of urticaria, angioedema, wheezing, dyspnea, hypotension, or shock. These reactions occur in 2% to 8% of all contrast media infusions. Vasomotor reactions occur in 5% to 8% of patients and consist of nausea, vomiting, flushing, and warmth. Severe reactions during which there is a concern for life occur about once per 1000 procedures. Fatalities have occurred in from 1:3000 procedures for intravenous cholangiography to between 1:10,000 to 1:100,000 procedures for intravenous urography. The pathogenesis of contrast media reactions is unknown, and various mechanisms may be associated with different clinical features. Radiocontrast media infusions can cause rises in plasma histamine and complement activation by either classic or alternate pathways or nonsequentially, yet adverse reactions may or may not occur. Abnormalities in the complement system or an increased conversion of prekallikrein to kallikrein has been demonstrated in some patients who have had anaphylactoid reactions. It is unknown if these mechanisms can explain the pathogenesis of anaphylactoid contrast media reactions. When patients who have had definite anaphylactoid reactions require a repeat procedure, the incidence of reactions ranges from 35% to 60% for intravascular infusion. Pretreatment with prednisone and diphenhydramine has been demonstrated to reduce this reaction rate to 9% in 465 procedures. Prednisone-diphenhydramine and ephedrine have further reduced the reaction rate to 3.1% in 192 procedures. These results are statistically significant (X2 = 5.4996, p = 0.019). Emergency equipment should be available should a severe reaction occur.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Contrast media reactions. 649 Nov 7

We report the successful treatment of envenoming by the Gaboon viper (Bitis gabonica) and include results of in vitro investigations of the haemostatic properties of the whole venom. The patient was admitted to casualty soon after the bite with chest tightness, dizziness, nausea and swelling at the site of the bite and was treated immediately with polyspecific antivenom, hydrocortisone, chlorpheniramine and antibiotics. Results of haemostatic investigations were essentially normal on admission but on day 3 the thrombin time became prolonged and was associated with significant hypofibrinogenaemia and elevated D-dimers. Factors V and VIII, antithrombin III and protein C levels and platelet number were not significantly reduced. The haemostatic disturbances persisted for more than 24 h despite treatment with blood products (16 units of cryoprecipitate, 2 units of fresh frozen plasma and 6 units of platelet concentrate). Resolution of the abnormalities occurred only after administration of a further dose of antivenom. The period of hypofibrinogenaemia occurred at a time when venom antigen was undetectable in plasma by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Studies in vitro with whole venom and a panel of amidolytic substrates commonly employed for measurement of haemostatic proteins revealed significant activity of venom with substrates sensitive to kallikrein and plasmin. The venom inhibited washed platelet aggregation induced by collagen, thrombin, arachidonic acid and the calcium ionophore A23187 in a dose-dependent manner.
 ...
PMID:Accidental envenoming by a Gaboon viper (Bitis gabonica): the haemostatic disturbances observed and investigation of in vitro haemostatic properties of whole venom. 846

HFR is an integrated hemodiafiltration system that utilizes a double chamber filter to separate convection from diffusion. The ultrafiltrate is regenerated by passage through a sorbent cartridge made up of resin and activated carbon. A small percentage of patients using this technique had gastrointestinal symptoms that included nausea/vomiting, diarrhea and/or stomach cramps approximately 1-2 hours after the start of HFR. We undertook a series of investigations to try and elucidate the cause of these reactions. Since the majority of the patients were taking ACE inhibitors, attention was focused on contact phase activation. Healthy and uremic plasma were incubated with different components of the HFR circuit. The activated carbon caused a moderate activation of factor XII and production of kallikrein, while there was no activation for the lines, double filter or resin. Patients taking ACE inhibitors may be at risk for treatments involved with contact phase activation as ACE inhibitors also block the degradation of bradykinin. A new sorbent cartridge has now been developed that contains only resin.
 ...
PMID:[Contact phase activation can occur with certain types of activated carbon]. 1574 7