Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This is a preliminary analysis of the AIO-Testicular Tumour Study Group trial in patients with disseminated bulky testicular cancer. Treatment plan: cisplatin 35 mg/m2 days 1-5, VP-16 120 mg/m2 days 1-5 (two daily divided doses), bleomycin 15 mg/m2 days 1, 8, 15. Of 98 patients at present evaluable 63% had complete remission or have no evidence of disease (CR/NED), 30% had partial remission (PR) and 7% had no change or progressive disease (NC/P). Relapse-free survival is 93% for the CR/NED group after a median follow up of 2.2 years: the overall survival for the entire patient population is 70%. Toxicity included predominantly granulocytopenic fever and infection with septicaemia, thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, neurotoxicity and lung toxicity, with 7% fatal toxicity. A prospective randomized trial is warranted to evaluate the apparent superior activity of ultra high dose cisplatin in combination with VP-16 and bleomycin.
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PMID:Disseminated testicular cancer with bulky disease: results of a phase-II study with cisplatin ultra high dose/VP-16/bleomycin. 243 24

It is very common for intraarterial infusion therapy of some anticancer agent to be effective against hepatocellular carcinoma. In this case, the patient was a 74-year-old man who suffered from very advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with tumor thrombus of the intrahepatic portal vein and IVC. He was treated with intraarterial infusion of CDDP, Etoposide, 5-FU, through a catheter placed in the proper hepatic artery. CDDP (30 mg/day) and Etoposide (60 mg/day) were given once every 5 days, and then 5-FU(250 mg/day) was infused daily for 26 days. The patient underwent this protocol study twice in 3 months. After the intraarterial infusion, transarterial embolization using CDDP (100 mg) powder added to lipiodol and aluminum stearate as suspension was done a month later. The tumor regression rate was 84% after intraarterial infusion of CDDP, Etoposide and 5-FU. The tumor thrombus in the intrahepatic portal vein and IVC had completely disappeared. We could not find lipiodol accumulated in the tumor after TAE. Thus, we assumed that the remaining tumor was a necrotic scar and that a complete response was obtained in the patient. There were some side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, pancytopenia and gastritis but no severe complication occurred.
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PMID:[A case of hepatocellular carcinoma effectively treated by intraarterial infusion of CDDP and other agents]. 255 Dec 53

The efficacy and toxicity of carboplatin 100 mg/m2, administered intravenously (IV) daily X 3, and VP-16-213 120 mg/m2, IV daily X 3, administered every 28 days for six courses, was assessed in 94 (36 limited stage, 58 extensive stage) previously untreated patients with small-cell lung cancer. Mediastinal irradiation using 50 Gy in 25 fractions was given to all limited-stage patients with a complete (CR) or partial response (PR) after three chemotherapy courses. Cranial irradiation was administered to all patients with CR. Objective responses were seen in 77% (CR 40%, PR 37%) of patients with limited-stage and 58% (CR, 9%; PR, 49%) with extensive-stage disease. Median relapse-free survival for objective responders with limited stage was 14.6 months and 7.9 months for extensive-stage patients. Median relapse-free survival following CR was 15.4 months and 8.5 months for PR. Median survival was 15.3 months for limited-stage and 8.1 months for extensive-stage patients. The combination was well tolerated with mild nausea or less (World Health Organization [WHO] grade 0 or 1) in 62% of patients and minimal mucositis, renal, neurotoxicity, or ototoxicity. Neutropenia less than 1.0 X 10(9)/L (WHO grade 3 or 4) was seen in 63% of patients, with two deaths from infection while neutropenic. The combination of carboplatin and VP-16-213 is a new, active program with low toxicity when applied intensively in previously untreated patients with small-cell lung cancer.
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PMID:Carboplatin (CBDCA, JM-8) and VP-16-213 in previously untreated patients with small-cell lung cancer. 282 Nov 97

Survival of patients who have clinical stage IIIM0 non-small cell bronchogenic carcinoma remains relatively short despite treatment with either surgery or radiation. Results from a phase II study of simultaneous continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, and split-course radiation with or without surgery indicate that median survival duration in patients treated with this combined modality approach may be better than the median survival for patients treated with radiation alone. Etoposide has been added to this regimen, and 32 stage IIIM0 non-small cell lung cancer patients have been treated with the 3-drug regimen resulting in a 73% clinical partial remission rate. No residual tumor was found in 6 of 12 patients who had pulmonary resection after 4 courses of chemotherapy and radiation. The sites of failure in 8 patients with recurrent disease are as follows: local only, 3; distant only, 4; and local and distant, 1. The major toxicities have been leukopenia, nausea, and vomiting. The median leukocyte nadir was 2,400/mm3. A leukocyte count less than 1,000/mm3 was observed in 2 patients (7%), 1 of whom died of progressive pneumonia. All patients experienced nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. Severe esophagitis, dermatitis, and pneumonitis were not observed. Survival analysis has not been done because median follow-up time (326 days) is relatively short.
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PMID:Phase II trial of therapy with etoposide, 5-fluorouracil by continuous infusion, cisplatin, and simultaneous split-course radiation in stage III non-small cell bronchogenic carcinoma. 283 68

Eleven patients with advanced nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT), who relapsed after or were refractory to standard dose cisplatin-based remission induction chemotherapy, were treated in a phase II clinical trial with VP 16-213 2500 mg/m2 and cyclophosphamide 7 g/m2. Both drugs were given in maximally tolerable doses regarding extramedullary toxicity. Urothelial damage due to cyclophosphamide was prevented by the administration of mesnum. Autologous bone marrow was infused on day 7 to prevent long lasting medullary toxicity. Because of the disappointing results in the first three patients, a second treatment step was added. The next eight patients were treated with 2500 mg/m2 VP 16-213 divided and given on days 1-2-3 and after full bone marrow recovery with total doses of VP 16-213 2000 mg/m2 plus cyclophosphamide 7 g/m2 divided and given on days 29-30-31, followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) on day 35. Toxicity to high-dose VP 16-213 plus cyclophosphamide followed by ABMT consisted of mucositis, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. No cardiac toxicity or hemorrhagic cystitis occurred. The mean duration of leukopenia and thrombopenia was 14 and 13 days respectively. The additional, preceding treatment with VP 16-213 as a single agent caused mucositis, and leukopenia and thrombopenia for a mean number of 9 and 6 days respectively. Seven responses were obtained: two complete responses of 46 and 66+ weeks respectively and five partial responses with a median response duration of 12 weeks. The median survival time was 40 weeks. This regimen of one or two courses with maximally tolerable doses of VP 16-213 plus cyclophosphamide and ABMT is not sufficient to salvage a substantial number of patients with relapsing or refractory NSGCT.
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PMID:Chemotherapy with maximally tolerable doses of VP 16-213 and cyclophosphamide followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation for the treatment of relapsed or refractory germ cell tumors. 283 93

More than 1/3 of all non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients present with locally advanced non-metastatic disease. Despite radiation therapy and surgery the survival of these patients remains poor. In an effort to improve upon these results 33 clinical Stage III M0 patients from April 1985 through September 1986 were entered into a Phase II study at Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center. Treatment included 5-FU by continuous infusion, VP-16, cisplatin and concurrent split course radiation therapy followed by surgical resection when possible. The overall clinical response rate is 74%. Fifty-seven percent of the preoperative group of patients went to surgery with a 100% resectability rate. These patients had a 50% pathologic complete response with no tumor found in the resected specimen. All surgical margins were free of disease and there were no operative deaths. This concurrent combined modality therapy is feasible with the major toxicities being leukopenia, nausea, and vomiting. With an overall median follow-up of 15 months, 36% of the patients remain alive. Overall local control is 71%. Actuarial observed 2 yr. survival is 33% and the median survival is 15 months. Histologic complete response appears to be an early indicator of the efficacy of this treatment regime. With 83% of the resected pathologic complete responders alive without evidence of disease, this preoperative combined modality therapy offers an appealing approach.
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PMID:Preoperative combined modality therapy for stage III M0 non-small cell lung carcinoma. 283 40

A phase II study of VP-16, a semisynthetic Podophyllotoxin, was performed in patients with solid tumors. VP-16 was administered orally at a dose of 200mg/day for 5 consecutive days at 3 to 4-week intervals. Out of 41 patients who were entered into the study, 35 patients comprising 17 lung cancer, 10 hepatoma and 8 other tumors were evaluable. There were 4 partial responses (23.5%) for lung cancer, 1 (10.0%) for hepatoma and 1 for rhabdomyosarcoma. Overall response rate was 18.2% for patients with prior chemotherapy and 15.4% for those given no prior chemotherapy respectively. Thus the results indicated VP-16 has no cross-resistance to other antitumor agents. Leukopenia (less than 4,000/mm3) and thrombocytopenia (less than 10 X 10(4)/mm3) were observed in 72.7% and 29.4% of the patients, respectively. Other toxicities were alopecia (59.5%) and gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea (46.2%), vomiting (20.5%) and anorexia (20.5%), but these were all well tolerated.
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PMID:[Phase II study of VP-16 (capsule) in solid tumors. A cooperative study]. 298 32

A clinical trial of a new semi-synthetic podophyllotoxin, VP-16, was undertaken in patients with primary lung cancer; 56 of the 81 evaluable patients had small cell carcinoma, 9 adenocarcinoma, 8 epidermoid carcinoma, 7 large cell carcinoma, and 1 adenosquamous carcinoma. A dose of 200 mg/body/day orally for 5 consecutive days was administered every 3 to 4 weeks. Partial response (PR) was attained in 19 out of 81 (23%) and PR + MR was 35 out of 81 (43%). PR and minor response (MR) were seen as follows; small cell carcinoma, 17 PR (30%), 13 MR; epidermoid carcinoma, 2 PR (25%), 1 MR; adenocarcinoma, 1 MR; adenosquamous carcinoma, 1 MR. The dose-limiting factor was leukopenia, while thrombocytopenia was experienced in 2 cases. Clinical toxicities noted were anorexia, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, diarrhea and alopecia, but these were well tolerated in all cases. The result indicated that VP-16 has considerable efficacy in small cell carcinoma and epidermoid carcinoma of the lung and hence its usefulness in combination chemotherapy was suggested.
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PMID:[A phase II study of oral VP-16 in primary lung cancer]. 299 76

A phase II clinical trial of VP-16-213 was carried out in 71 patients with small cell and non-small cell carcinoma of the lung. Forty-eight evaluable cases consisted of 36 small cell carcinomas, 7 epidermoid carcinomas, 4 adenocarcinomas and one unclassified carcinoma. VP-16-213 was administered by drip infusion at dosages of 60-100mg/m2/day for 5-consecutive days at 3-4 week intervals. Twelve of 36 (33.3%) small cell carcinomas had partial responses, while no responses were obtained in non-small cell carcinomas. Median duration of responses was 46 days (range 31-133 days). The dose limiting toxicity was leukopenia. Median number of days to nadir was 14 days and median numbers of days for recovery was 11 days. Nausea (38%), vomiting (12%), anorexia (45%) and alopecia (74%) were major clinical toxicities although these were mild or reversible. We concluded that VP-16-213 was useful in the treatment of small cell lung cancer and the dose schedule used in this study was recommendable with small dose reduction for further trial of combination chemotherapy.
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PMID:[A phase II study of intravenous VP-16-213 in small cell and non-small cell carcinoma of the lung]. 300 71

In a previous study on the antiemetic effect of nabilone (N) in patients with lung cancer receiving chemotherapy (CT), we found that N was only moderately effective and that its side effects limited its use, especially in elderly outpatients. We, therefore, performed a new study of N in combination with dexamethasone (DXM), a potent antiemetic in itself, to evaluate whether the addition of DXM to N would improve the antiemetic effect and/or reduce the side effects. Forty patients with lung cancer were enrolled in the study. A randomized, third-party-blinded, crossover design was used. Study drugs were given during two consecutive, identical CT cycles. N was given at a fixed dosage regimen of 2 mg b.i.d. The initial dose was administered the evening before CT, the second dose at 0.5 h before CT, and the third dose in the evening 12 h after CT. DXM, 8 mg, or placebo was given orally with the first dose of N. The subsequent doses (either 10 mg DXM or saline) were given intravenously 0.5 h before CT and at 2 and 6 h after the start of CT. The CT regimens given included the following drugs in various combinations: cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, etoposide (VP-16), vincristine, and vindesine. The combination of N and DXM was significantly superior to N alone in the reduction of vomiting episodes, both in subgroups of patients receiving cisplatin and in those receiving other CT combinations. There was no statistically significant difference between the treatments with regard to the patients' assessments of the severity of nausea or effects on appetite. Approximately half the patients (63% with N plus DXM versus 47% with N) reported no side effects. The frequency and severity of central nervous system adverse reactions, mainly vertigo, were similar in both treatment groups. The fall in blood pressure was significantly greater after N alone. Two thirds of the patients preferred N plus DXM. Thus, the addition of DXM to N enhanced the therapeutic yield of N, and we recommend DXM as an adjunct to N, when the use of steroids is not contraindicated. The optimal dose and schedule of DXM was not investigated in our study; a higher dose of DXM might increase the clinical benefit of the drug combination tested.
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PMID:Antiemetic efficacy of nabilone and dexamethasone: a randomized study of patients with lung cancer receiving chemotherapy. 303 31


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