Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Amtolmetin guacyl (AMG) is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) of high therapeutic activity and free of damaging effects on the gastrointestinal tract. Since acute ulcer and nausea have been found to be associated with gastric dysrhythmias, cutaneous electrogastrography and ultrasonographic study of the gastric emptying time were performed simultaneously in 24 healthy volunteers before and for 180 min after a liquid meal with 0.5 g/kg body weight of alcohol in double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover studies. Before the recording session, each subject had taken placebo, AMG, a standard NSAID, or a gastric protective drug for four days. Alcohol administration increased the tachygastria percentage while diclofenac, AMG, and misoprostol alone did not induce gastrointestinal symptoms and gastric dysrhythmias. As regards alcohol-induced gastric dysrhythmia, placebo and diclofenac showed a clear increase in tachygastria while AMG and misoprostol did not. AMG is able to induce a normalization of gastric dysrhythmia induced by alcohol administration probably due to its peculiar mechanism of action, which involves capsaicin and CGRP pathways.
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PMID:Protective effect of amtolmetin guacyl versus placebo diclofenac and misoprostol in healthy volunteers evaluated as gastric electrical activity in alcohol-induced stomach damage. 1150 86

Migraine is a recurrent incapacitating neurovascular disorder characterized by unilateral and throbbing headaches associated with photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, and vomiting. Current specific drugs used in the acute treatment of migraine interact with vascular receptors, a fact that has raised concerns about their cardiovascular safety. In the past, alpha-adrenoceptor agonists (ergotamine, dihydroergotamine, isometheptene) were used. The last two decades have witnessed the advent of 5-HT(1B/1D) receptor agonists (sumatriptan and second-generation triptans), which have a well-established efficacy in the acute treatment of migraine. Moreover, current prophylactic treatments of migraine include 5-HT(2) receptor antagonists, Ca(2+) channel blockers, and beta-adrenoceptor antagonists. Despite the progress in migraine research and in view of its complex etiology, this disease still remains underdiagnosed, and available therapies are underused. In this review, we have discussed pharmacological targets in migraine, with special emphasis on compounds acting on 5-HT (5-HT(1-7)), adrenergic (alpha(1), alpha(2,) and beta), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP(1) and CGRP(2)), adenosine (A(1), A(2), and A(3)), glutamate (NMDA, AMPA, kainate, and metabotropic), dopamine, endothelin, and female hormone (estrogen and progesterone) receptors. In addition, we have considered some other targets, including gamma-aminobutyric acid, angiotensin, bradykinin, histamine, and ionotropic receptors, in relation to antimigraine therapy. Finally, the cardiovascular safety of current and prospective antimigraine therapies is touched upon.
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PMID:Current and prospective pharmacological targets in relation to antimigraine action. 1862 30