Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Biapenem is a new parenteral carbapenem antibacterial agent with a broad spectrum of in vitro antibacterial activity encompassing many Gram-negative and Gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, including species producing beta-lactamases. Biapenem is more stable than imipenem, meropenem and panipenem to hydrolysis by human renal dihydropeptidase-I (DHP-I), and therefore does not require the coadministration of a DHP-I inhibitor. After intravenous administration, biapenem is widely distributed and penetrates well into various tissues (e.g. lung tissue) and body fluids (e.g. sputum, pleural effusion, abdominal cavity fluid). In randomised, nonblind or double-blind clinical trials, biapenem showed good clinical and bacteriological efficacy (similar to that of imipenem/ cilastatin) in the treatment of adult patients with intra-abdominal infections, lower respiratory infections or complicated urinary tract infections. Biapenem is generally well tolerated. The most common adverse events in clinical trials were skin eruptions/rashes, nausea and diarrhoea.
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PMID:Biapenem. 1238 Dec 21

Although biapenem is used in the treatment of pneumonia, the clinical data on elderly patients are yet insufficient. Therefore, the purpose of this study was evaluating the efficacy and safety of biapenem against pneumonia in the elderly and its pharmacokinetics. The subjects were patients 65 years of age or older with pneumonia. Biapenem (300 mg) was administered once to three times per day. For some cases, the drug concentrations in plasma were measured chronologically. The clinical efficacy was evaluated in reference to the improvement in subjective symptoms and objective opinion. The primary outcome was efficacy rate at the end of treatment. Biapenem was effective in 17 of 20 subject cases (85.0 %). Regarding safety, although 4 cases experienced hepatic dysfunction and 1 case had nausea, these effects were not severe in all cases and administration was continued. There was no deterioration of renal function associated with biapenem. In 13 cases in which the trough value of biapenem was measured, there were no unacceptable side effects and the trough values were generally low. It is believed that biapenem (300 mg once to three times a day), even when taken by elderly people, does not accumulate and that the dosage is safe and appropriate. The changes in the predicted concentrations calculated with the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) software, which is based on previously reported population pharmacokinetic parameters, and those in the measured concentrations approximately matched. It is useful to plan biapenem administration using the PK-PD software when performing antibiotic chemical treatment.
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PMID:Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of biapenem against pneumonia in the elderly and a study on its pharmacokinetics. 2292 65