Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Paclitaxel is an antimicrotubule agent that was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Because it is insoluble in water, it is mixed with Cremophor EL (polyoxyethylated castor oil). The addition of Cremophor requires the use of glass bottles or polyolefin or polypropylene bags and polypropylene-lined tubings for the administration of paclitaxel. In addition, 0.22 micron in-line filters are necessary. The potential side effects of paclitaxel during its infusion include hypersensitivity reaction (HSR), cardiotoxicity, infiltration, diarrhea, and nausea, whereas myelosuppression, neurotoxicity, myalgias, arthralgias, alopecia, fatigue, headache, taste changes, and minor alterations in renal and liver function tests can occur after its administration. Premedications including an H2 blocker, a corticosteroid, and an antihistamine are necessary to minimize the occurrences of HSRs. Vital signs should be monitored throughout the infusion to assess for HSRs and cardiotoxicity. Paclitaxel has been shown to be safe in both the inpatient and outpatient settings. Nursing care includes the administration of the drug, the assessment and management of side effects, and psychosocial support of patients receiving the drug.
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PMID:Nursing implications in the administration of paclitaxel (TAXOL). 790 74

Topotecan does not convincingly alter the grim prognosis of ovarian cancer in failure or relapse after treatment with platinum salts. The only comparative trial has not yet been published; available results suggest that 20% of women had at least a partial response on topotecan, compared to 14% on paclitaxel (no statistically significant difference). The place of paclitaxel in the treatment of ovarian cancer also remains to be determined, especially in combination with other drugs. Like paclitaxel, topotecan has marked haematological and gastrointestinal toxicity: nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and stomatitis. Topotecan solution does not contain the solvent Cremophor EL degrees , contrary to paclitaxel solution. It does not therefore require preliminary steroid administration, and does not prohibit the use of PVC-based infusion devices.
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PMID:Topotecan: new preparation. No proven benefit. 1018 83