Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two hundred forty-six adults with advanced progressive soft tissue sarcoma received combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, Adriamycin (doxorubicin), and DTIC. They were randomly allocated to receive the four drugs simultaneously every 4 weeks (S1: CYVADIC), or pairs of drugs (S2: ADIC-CYV) alternating at 4 weekly intervals. One hundred sixty-two patients completed 8 weeks of chemotherapy, and were considered to be evaluable for response. There were 18 complete remissions and 25 partial remissions, an overall response rate of 26%, with a highly significant difference between the two arms in favor of S1 (38% versus 14%, P = 0.001). There were no significant differences between S1 and S2 in terms of median duration of remissions (62 versus 39 weeks), and median survival of responders (85 versus 80 weeks) and of all evaluable patients (43 versus 45 weeks). Karnofsky index (KI) was the single most important prognostic factor. Patients with KI 90-100 showed a remission rate of 41% (56% on the S1 regimen) in contrast with 14% in those with KI 50-80. No patient with a KI of 50 responded to chemotherapy. The main toxicities were nausea, vomiting, anorexia, alopecia and myelosuppression, but did not differ significantly between the two regimens. Our findings suggest that stratification according to KI is essential for studies on chemotherapy for advanced soft tissue sarcomas in order to make a valuable comparison of treatment results.
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PMID:Cyvadic in advanced soft tissue sarcoma: a randomized study comparing two schedules. A study of the EORTC Soft Tissue and Bone Sarcoma Group. 636 47

Twenty-two patients who had metastatic breast cancer previously treated with combination chemotherapy, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil (CMF) or CMF with vincristine and prednisone, were treated with Carminomycin (carubicin) 20 mg/m2 body surface area by intravenous bolus injection once every 3 weeks. Of 21 evaluable patients, 1 patient achieved complete remission, 5 patients achieved partial responses, and 11 remained stable. Cases of acute drug toxicity included myelosuppression, phlebitis, and gastrointestinal symptoms; there were four cases of mild alopecia, which consisted of thinning of the scalp hair. There were three cases of biopsy-proven cardiomyopathy, contrary to previous reports from the United Soviet Socialist Republic, which indicated that this drug was relatively free of cardiotoxicity. The median duration of remission for responders was 23 weeks. It is believed that Carminomycin has significant activity against metastatic breast cancer and, because its side effects, especially nausea, vomiting, and alopecia, were considerably milder than those experienced with Adriamycin, further investigation of this drug is warranted.
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PMID:Carminomycin. A new anthracycline analog in the treatment of advanced breast cancer. 654 98

Two cases of primary advanced breast cancer and 4 cases of recurrent breast cancer were treated with cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin and FT-207 combined with hormone therapy. Adriamycin (20 mg) was injected twice a week, and an intravenous drip infusion of cyclophosphamide 150 mg), and FT-207 (400 mg) was administered daily for 3 weeks. Oophorectomy was performed in 4 cases and combination administration of tamoxifen and calcitonin was continued. CR was achieved in one of the primary cases, PR was obtained in 4 cases but one patient with pulmonary metastasis died without showing any clinical response. All cases with bone metastasis responded well. Leucopenia, alopecia, nausea and masculinization were easily controlled. No cardiac toxicity was observed.
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PMID:[Effect of CAF'-endocrine therapy on advanced and recurrent breast cancer]. 654 92

Of 3 patients with adult ALL and 23 patients with NHL treated with intravenous administration of 10 mg/M2 of THP for 5 consecutive days, complete remission was observed in 3 patients and partial remission in 14. The antitumor spectrum of THP seemed to be similar to that of Adriamycin from evidence that THP was effective in patients with NHL of diffuse large and mixed cell type. Neither cardiotoxicity nor alopecia was noticed. Anorexia, nausea or vomiting was mild but granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia were severe in the patients with ALL and leukemic type NHL. Further studies are required for determining cross resistance to other anthracyclines and an optimal dose schedule.
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PMID:[Effects of single administration of tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP) in lymphoid malignancy]. 658 24

A phase I study of 4'-Epi-Adriamycin, a new derivative of Adriamycin, was carried out in 36 cases with various malignant tumors, among which 30 cases were evaluable. Starting dose was 10 mg/m2 and this was increased up to 80 mg/m2. The dose limiting factor was leukopenia. Leukocyte nadir was reached about two weeks after administration and about nine days (mean) were needed for recovery. Other main side effects were anorexia, nausea vomiting, and alopecia. These side effects were mainly observed in cases given doses of over of 60 mg/m2. However, there were only a few serious cases suggesting that the clinical toxicities of 4'-Epi-Adriamycin were milder than those of Adriamycin. From the result of this study, it appeared that maximum tolerated dose of the drug is 80 mg/m2, and the dose recommended for the phase II study is 60 mg/m2 every three weeks.
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PMID:[A phase I study of 4'-epi-adriamycin, a new anthracycline anticancer agent]. 659 78

In a Phase II study, 50 patients with advanced breast cancer were treated with a combination of 5-fluorouracil (1000 mg/m2 on days 1 and 2) and mitomycin C (6 mg/m2 on day 2) (FuMi regimen). The courses were repeated every third to sixth week. Although 35 patients had previously received combination chemotherapy and 40 patients had received endocrine treatment, objective responses were obtained in 29 patients (six complete, 23 partial). The survival was significantly correlated to the response (P less than 0.001, log rank test) complete versus partial response, partial response versus no change, no change versus progressive disease. The regimen was well tolerated (19 of 50 experienced nausea). Thirteen patients had hematopoietic toxicity at the day of starting a new course and in six cases, the FuMi regimen had to be discontinued because of longlasting thrombocytopenia. Otherwise, no side-effect of clinical importance was observed. The FuMi regimen is now compared with Adriamycin regimens and can be recommended for both first line chemotherapy and salvage chemotherapy.
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PMID:A phase II study of combined 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C in advanced breast cancer. 679 21

Two long survival cases of primary malignant glioma are reported in terms of histopathological consideration comparing first surgical specimens with second surgical specimens followed by intraneoplastic local injection of Adriamycin (ADM). Case 1. A 56-year-old female was admitted to our hospital on October 24, 1977, with the complaints of headache and motor weakness on the left side of extremeties. Neurological examination revealed hemiparesis, homonymous hemianopsia and agnosia on the left side. Initial CT scan showed irregular high-density enhancing lesions in right parieto-occipital region with surrounding low-density area. Case 2. A 18-year-old male was admitted to our hospital on May 9, 1977, with the complaints of headache and nausea. Initial CT scan showed high-density enhancing resion in the left parieto-temporal region. In the microscopic findings of the recurrent tumor and surrounding necrotic tissue, there were massive coagulation necrosis of the tumor tissues and fibrinoid necrosis of vascular channels. In the surrounding area of the massive coagulation necrosis and small hemorrhages, there were many reactive collagenous tissues, increasing vascular channels, and infiltrating lymphocytes, granulocytes and foreign body giants cells, as well as so-called organized necrotic tissues. Residual tumor cells mainly composed of giant cells, gemistocytic astrocytes and spindle cells. The tumor was characteristic in that the tumor cells showed occasionally sarcomatous transformation in the other area. Some of anaplastic glial cells were positively stained for GFA protein in Case 1. Positive staining for GFA protain in the recurrent brain tumor are less than that of primary brain tumor. The cases were also discussed from the view point of pathology.
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PMID:[Effect of local injections of adriamycin on survival in malignant brain tumor: histopathological evaluation]. 687 Feb 95

Sixty-four adult patients with soft-tissue sarcomas received adjuvant chemotherapy with a six-drug combination regimen after surgery. Seventy percent remain free of disease with a median follow-up of 50 months. Only seven patients have died of their disease, all within the first 24 months after surgery. Most patients experienced severe nausea and vomiting secondary to the actinomycin D and dacarbazine parts of the protocol, and three patients experienced frank Adriamycin cardiomyopathy. Toxicity from this combination was otherwise mild. The 58% recurrence rate of 12 patients who discontinued therapy early because of nausea was significantly greater than the 23% rate for those who completed or relapsed on therapy (P = 0.01). Adjuvant chemotherapy should be considered after surgery for patients with soft-part sarcomas, especially those with high-grade tumors that have a considerable risk of recurrence.
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PMID:Adjuvant chemotherapy of soft-part sarcomas with ALOMAD (S4). 697 88

Forty-one patients with advanced squamous cell lung cancer and no prior chemotherapy were entered in a prospectively randomized trial comparing dianhydrogalactitol plus Adriamycin (DA) versus DA plus cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (DAP). The DAP regimen was superior to the DA regimen in regression rate (53% versus 27%), median regression duration (255 versus 122 days), median time to tumor progression (approximately 175 versus 58 days), and median survival time (185 versus 126 days). Patients who were greater than 60 years old responded particularly well to the DAP regimen and accounted for most of the survival advantage. Nausea, vomiting, and myelosuppression were more frequent and severe with the DAP regimen. This study seems to indicate a role of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) in patients with advanced squamous cell lung cancer. The particular advantage noted for older patients needs further evaluation.
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PMID:A role of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) in squamous cell lung cancer. 699 Nov 7

Ninety-six patients with metastatic breast cancer were entered in a prospectively randomized trial comparing a five-drug doxorubicin (Adriamycin)-containing regimen given in two different schedules. Both regimens included cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-FU, prednisone, and doxorubicin. On one schedule, referred to as "combination" treatment, doxorubicin was given every 21 days and cyclophosphamide was given daily. On the less intensive "fixed-rotation" schedule, doxorubicin was given on alternative cycles every 42 days and cyclophosphamide was given for 21 days of the 42-day cycle. Response frequency and survival were comparable among patients receiving either regimen. Significantly less (P < 0.05) nausea and leukopenia occurred on the fixed-rotation schedule. Therefore, similar therapeutic benefit along with decreased toxicity was obtained by use of combination chemotherapy involving doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide given in the less intensive schedule.
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PMID:Randomized comparison of two combination chemotherapy regimens containing doxorubicin in patients with metastatic breast cancer: a Western Cancer Study Group trial. 700 35


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