Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ten hyperprolactinemic patients were treated by a daily dose of 5 mg bromergocryptine (Parlodel, Sandoz). The prolactine concentration in the peripherial blood showed a fast declind and after two months the patients were relieved from the symptoms (galactorrhea, amenorrhea). As side-effects of the compound headache and nausea were noted.
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PMID:[Treatment of hyperprolactinemic conditions with bromoergocryptine]. 57 Jul 84

Eleven patients with prolactin-producing pituitary adenomas were treated with the new non-ergot, long-acting dopamine agonist, CV 205-502, for a period of 2-18 months (mean 11 months). Tumour volumes ranged from 1.9 to 64 ml in seven patients who were newly diagnosed, and from 0.1 to 3.1 ml in four patients who had been treated for macroprolactinomas by oral bromocriptine or depot bromocriptine (Parlodel LAR). Plasma prolactin values ranged from 3.5 to 360 U/l before institution of CV 205-502 treatment in these 11 patients. The following observations were made: (1) plasma prolactin values fell dramatically in all patients, and values within the normal range were obtained in five patients at once-daily doses of CV 205-502 between 0.075 and 0.300 mg; (2) tumour size reduction was obtained in all patients with macroadenomas on pretreatment CT scans. Tumour reduction was associated with the development of a partial empty sella in five patients, and with visualization of the pituitary in six cases; (3) bitemporal hemianopia (five patients) disappeared in four patients and improved in one patient. Oculomotor palsy receded in one patient; (4) signs of anterior pituitary insufficiency improved or normalized in most cases affected; (5) mild nausea or dizziness during the first days of CV 205-502 treatment and/or during several days after a dose increase were observed in three patients. We conclude that CV 205-502 in a once daily dose is an effective and safe alternative in the long-term treatment of macroprolactinomas.
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PMID:Treatment of macroprolactinomas with a new non-ergot, long-acting dopaminergic drug, CV 205-502. 197 62

Eight patients with macroprolactinomas were treated with a long-acting injectable form of bromocriptine, depot-bromocriptine (Parlodel LAR). With the exception of one male patient who had partial and short-lasting suppression of PRL levels after two injections and who underwent a second adenomectomy, the patients were given Parlodel LAR injections at 28-day intervals for six months. In all patients, there was a significant fall in serum PRL levels after the first injection. PRL secretion was suppressed to within the normal range in 3 of 7 patients on long-term treatment. PRL was consistently within the normal range in 2 patients from the sixth week and in one, from the 14th week onwards. In the other 4 of 7 patients, a marked suppression of PRL secretion, resumption of menses, and normal libido and potency were recorded. In 3 of 8 patients, no adverse effects were noted. Two patients reported short-lasting nausea, one vomiting, one constipation and in 2 patients, orthostatic dizziness occurred after the first injection. Subsequent injections, however, were well tolerated systematically and locally. Five patients had CT scan evidence of tumour shrinkage. A very large tumour virtually disappeared after the first injection of 50 mg depot-bromocriptine in one patient. The decrease of serum PRL secretion within the first 12 hours after injection did not predict normalization of serum PRL levels during long-term treatment, whereas the fall of serum PRL levels to below 5% of the basal values within the first months of treatment could be a good indicator for the final outcome.
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PMID:Parlodel LAR in the treatment of macroprolactinomas. 231 14

The influence of food on release of drug from a modified release capsule of bromocriptine 5 mg (Parlodel SRO) and a conventional formulation of bromocriptine 5 mg has been studied in 8 healthy male volunteers. Both formulations produced objective and subjective effects, such as orthostatic reactions, nausea, dizziness, vomiting and nasal congestion. The modified release capsule caused fewer side-effects than the normal capsule. Both formulations had less cardiovascular effect in the fed than in the fasting state. There was no significant difference between the normal and the modified release capsules taken fasting or after a meal in terms of the AUC extrapolated to infinity. The relative bioavailability of the 5 mg modified release capsule was 84.6% of the normal capsule under fasting conditions and 107.5% after food. In contrast to the virtually unchanged extent of absorption, the rate of absorption was markedly affected by food, especially from the conventional capsule. The mean time of 50% absorption increased from 1.06 h (fasting) to 3.2 h (fed), whereas for the modified release capsule food mainly resulted in an increased lag time of absorption. The almost instantaneous dissolution of bromocriptine from the normal capsule in vitro (both in HCl and fasting human gastric juice) and the delay of absorption after a meal in vivo suggest that the rate limiting step in absorption of the normal capsules is delivery of released drug from the stomach to the small intestine, which is delayed by food. Both the modified release 5-mg capsule and the normal 5-mg capsule showed extended suppression of prolactin over 36 h, in all subjects, both fasted and after a meal.
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PMID:Differential effect of food on kinetics of bromocriptine in a modified release capsule and a conventional formulation. 323 63

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of a new galenic injectable form of bromocriptine (Parlodel LA), characterized by sustained release of bromocriptine for 4-6 weeks, in 3 patients with prolactin-secreting macroadenomas through a 42-day follow-up. The following parameters were considered: decrease of plasma prolactin levels, reduction of tumor size studied by seriate CT scan controls and recovery of eventual visual fields impairments. Parlodel LA induced a sharp decrease of plasma prolactin levels for at least 42 days, without reaching normal values. This treatment also caused a rapid and marked shrinkage of tumors in all patients. Moreover, in two patients with constriction of visual fields a clear and progressive improvement in one and only a slight amelioration in the other were observed. There were almost no side effects except for mild nausea in one patient and transient orthostatic in another. These results demonstrate that Parlodel LA produces a long-lasting reduction of plasma prolactin levels and a rapid shrinkage of the tumor with almost no side effects.
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PMID:Effectiveness of a single injectable dose of bromocriptine long acting in the treatment of macroprolactinomas. 336 Oct 75

Recently, a new long-acting form of bromocriptine (Parlodel LA, Sandoz) has been developed and it has already been found to be effective in lowering plasma PRL levels in normal volunteers and postpartum women. This work reports the clinical, hormonal and radiological effects of a single 50 mg dose of long-acting bromocriptine in 10 patients with tumorous hyperprolactinemia (2 microprolactinomas, 6 macroprolactinomas, 1 acromegaly and 1 nonsecreting macroadenoma). A rapid and long-lasting (28 days) normalization of PRL levels was observed in patients with microprolactinoma, acromegaly and nonsecreting adenoma. None of the 6 patients with macroprolactinoma underwent normalization of plasma PRL, but the latter was markedly reduced (61-80% of basal levels). A second injection of the drug in 5 macroprolactinoma patients induced a further reduction of plasma PRL levels in 2 of them. No changes in the tumor size were observed either after the first or the second injection of long-acting bromocriptine in any of the patients. This injectable form of bromocriptine induced nausea and/or mild hypotension lasting a few h in 4 of the 10 patients and was better tolerated than the oral form as regards both the duration and intensity of the side effects. Thus, as this drug has proved to be efficacious and well tolerated by the patients, this long-acting form of bromocriptine may be a valid therapeutical approach for initiating medical treatment of patients with prolactinoma.
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PMID:Effects of a new long-acting form of bromocriptine on tumorous hyperprolactinemia. 358 56

Ten women ages 22 to 39 years were treated with a single injection of Delestrogen on day 19 of the menstrual cycle and increasing doses of Parlodel on days 19 to 23. This treatment resulted in a shortening of the luteal phase and a decrease in the production of progesterone and had no effect on serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), or prolactin levels. Side effects reported with this therapy included lethargy, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, hot flashes, depression, and nasal congestion. These preliminary clinical data suggest a combination of estrogen and bromocriptine regimen is luteolytic and may be useful as an interceptive abortifacient preparation in the human being.
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PMID:Evaluation of Delestrogen and Parlodel as a luteolytic agent in humans. 706 Jul 69

Long-acting bromocriptine (Parlodel LAR) was used for treatment of 25 patients with acromegaly during the period of 3 to 24 months. Even after the first intramuscular injection of 50 milligrams of the drug a decrease in growth hormone (GH) concentration by at least 50% of the initial values was observed in 28% of patients and an improvement in a sense of well-being in 44%. After 6 months of administration of 100 mg of Parlodel LAR at intervals of 28 days a decrease in GH level by at least 50% was observed in a larger percentage of patients (36.8%), and in 10.5% of them there was a fall of GH concentration to below 10 microU/ml. Side effects, like nausea, vomiting and orthostatic hypotony, appeared within several hours after the injection of Parlodel and lasted in most cases up to 24 hours. After consecutive injections of the drug the side effects were of lesser intensity or completely disappeared. The results obtained allow to conclude that Parlodel LAR is an effective drug in some cases of acromegaly. In most patients the therapeutic effect can be seen after the first injection, but in some cases it appears only after several months of treatment.
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PMID:[Results of treatment for acromegaly with long-acting bromocriptine (Parlodel LAR)]. 805 87

The efficacy and tolerability of a long term treatment (21-53 months; mean, 36) with a new injectable form of bromocriptine (Parlodel LAR, Sandoz) was assessed in 13 patients (9 males and 4 females, aged 14-68 yr) with macroprolactinoma. Parlodel LAR was administered deeply im once monthly, with 50 mg as the first dose. Depending on the patient's tolerability to the drug and the PRL levels, the dose was individually progressively increased to 100 mg (2 patients), 150 mg (3 patients), or 250 mg (4 patients). Persistently normal PRL levels were recorded in 4 patients even after the first injection and in 5 other patients treated with higher doses of Parlodel LAR (2 patients with 100 mg/month; 3 patients with 150 mg/month). The remaining 4 patients who were treated with 250 mg/month had a marked reduction of PRL levels (72-94%), but did not reach normalization. Two patients treated with 150 mg/month maintained normoprolactinemia in spite of subsequent dose reduction of Parlodel LAR to 50-100 mg/month. In 1 patient PRL plasma concentrations remained within normal range for 3 months after the transitory discontinuation of Parlodel LAR at the end of the first year of therapy. Regular menses were resumed in 1 of 3, and galactorrhea disappeared in 2 of 3 women. All male patients had a return of libido and potency; gynecomastia disappeared in both male patients, and galactorrhea disappeared in 1 of 2 male patients. Visual fields improved in all 5 patients; complete normalization occurred in 2 of them. A consistent shrinkage of the macroadenoma (23-100%) at different times after therapy was shown by magnetic resonance imaging and/or computed tomography in 12 of 13 patients. Six patients reported mild/moderate side-effects (nausea, vomiting, orthostatic hypotension, or dizziness) within 24 h after the first injection. In 2 of these patients, mild side-effects persisted for 1-2 days after the first 3-6 injections, and in one patient, mild nausea was reported after each injection. In conclusion, in patients with macroprolactinoma, Parlodel LAR is an effective and well tolerated preparation of bromocriptine when administered once a month.
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PMID:Long term therapy of patients with macroprolactinoma using repeatable injectable bromocriptine. 843 94

Bromocriptine mesylate quick-release was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in May 2009, for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Bromocriptine is thought to act on the circadian neuronal activities in the hypothalamus, to reset an abnormally elevated hypothalamic drive for increased plasma glucose, free fatty acids, and triglycerides in insulin-resistant patients. Randomized controlled trials have shown that bromocriptine-QR lowers glycated hemoglobin by 0.4 - 0.8% either as monotherapy or in combination with other anti-diabetes medications. The doses used to treat diabetes (up to 4.8 mg daily) are much lower than those used to treat Parkinson's disease, and apart from nausea, the drug is well-tolerated. The novel mechanism of action, good side effect profile, and its effects to reduce cardiovascular event rates make it an attractive option for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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PMID:Bromocriptine in type 2 diabetes mellitus. 2184 49


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