Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Abuse of intravenous crushed Talwin (pentazocine) and Ritalin (methylphenidate) tablets has not been fully described. The objective of this study was to characterize intravenous pentazocine/methylphenidate abuse in emergency department patients and compare its clinical toxicity to pentazocine/tripelennamine. Cases of intravenous pentazocine/methylphenidate abuse presenting to the Truman Medical Center Emergency Department between August 1987 and November 1992 were identified. Information regarding patient demographics, drug abuse, chief complaints, evaluation, treatment, and disposition were obtained from the emergency department record. The clinical presentation was compared to 104 published cases of pentazocine/tripelennamine abuse. Twenty nine patients were treated 34 times. They were 32 +/- 9 years of age, 48% male, and 52% black. Patients' chief complaints were cardiovascular/pulmonary (N = 8), central nervous system (N = 7), localized infection (N = 7), gastrointestinal (N = 5), malaise (N = 5), trauma (N = 1), and gynecologic (N = 1). Treatment was primarily supportive and included supplemental oxygen and intravenous fluids. The clinical findings were similar to those reported for pentazocine/tripelennamine; 58% had the typical symptom complex of chest pain, anxiety, muscle spasm, dizziness, and nausea.
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PMID:IV pentazocine/methylphenidate abuse--the clinical toxicity of another Ts and blues combination. 793 13

We examined the efficacy and tolerability of augmentation with an extended release formulation of methylphenidate (OROS MPH, Concerta) in patients with major depression who were nonresponders or partial responders to antidepressants. Sixty subjects with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) participated in a 4-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of augmentation with methylphenidate (18-54 mg/d). The preexisting antidepressant dose was unchanged. The primary efficacy measure was change in the 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale from randomization to end of treatment. Data were analyzed with intent-to-treat with last observation carried forward approach. There were no statistically significant differences between the methylphenidate (n = 30) and placebo (n = 30) groups in reduction in 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores (drug, -6.9; placebo, -4.7) from baseline to end of treatment (F1,47 = 1.24, P = 0.22), although responders were numerically higher in the extended-release methylphenidate group (40.0%) than in the placebo group (23.3%). On the secondary efficacy measures of changes in Clinical Global Impression-Improvement and Severity scores and Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition, the drug failed to separate from placebo, although the proportion of responders in the drug group were numerically higher than placebo. There were no significant differences in weight, heart rate, and blood pressure changes between the 2 groups. The common adverse events were loss of appetite, nausea, headache, and anxiety. The mean dose of drug was 34.2 mg/d. The study did not demonstrate a statistically significant benefit for augmentation with methylphenidate in TRD. Combination of methylphenidate with antidepressants was well tolerated. Adequately powered, randomized, controlled trials are necessary to fully evaluate the efficacy of extended-release methylphenidate in TRD.
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PMID:A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of augmentation with an extended release formulation of methylphenidate in outpatients with treatment-resistant depression. 1820 60