Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

For phenomenological elucidation of panic attacks, 26 patients with panic attacks were requested to name the panic symptoms in order of their occurrence and specify the patterns of their abatement. Panic symptoms were found to be classifiable into three categories: early symptoms consisting of dizziness or faintness, palpitations, and sweating; intermediate symptoms dyspnea, nausea or abdominal distress, flush or chills, chest pain or discomfort, shaking, and choking; late symptoms paresthesias, fear of dying, and fear of going crazy. Panic symptoms disappeared in 61.6% irrespective of the sequence of their occurrence. Twenty-one patients were interviewed about the experience of nocturnal panic attacks, and 23.8% experienced them. These findings suggest that fear is caused by sudden physical abnormality triggered by some biological factors.
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PMID:The sequence of panic symptoms. 148 43

The antianginal efficacy of bepridil, a calcium antagonist with an extended plasma elimination half-life, has been compared with placebo and the calcium antagonists nifedipine and diltiazem in patients refractory to diltiazem. The earliest observations in the United States of antianginal effects of bepridil were revealed in a single-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled trial of 77 patients with chronic stable angina pectoris that demonstrated that bepridil (300 mg/day) improved exercise duration by 26%, from 6.9 +/- 0.4 (standard error of the mean) to 8.7 +/- 0.5 minutes (p less than 0.001), and exercise work by 52%, from 2.7 +/- 0.3 to 4.1 +/- 0.4 x 10(-3) KPM (p less than 0.001), on a standardized treadmill protocol, and it reduced angina frequency by 68%, from 8.5 +/- 1.1 to 2.7 +/- 0.7 attacks per week, and nitroglycerin use by 76% (p less than 0.001). Minor side effects such as nausea, epigastric discomfort, and tremor were infrequent and no major side effects occurred. Double-blind, parallel-design treatment evaluations confirmed beneficial effects of bepridil alone and in combination with beta blockade. Chronic efficacy was confirmed by evaluations up to 24 months in a controlled withdrawal study. Antianginal effects of nifedipine were compared with those of bepridil in a double-blind, parallel group study of 101 patients with chronic stable angina treated for 3 months. Bepridil (mean final dose 284 mg/day; range 200-400 mg/day) produced modest but statistically significantly (p less than 0.05) greater improvements in exercise work, time to angina, or 1 mm ST-segment change than nifedipine (mean final dose 59 mg/day; range 30-120 mg/day).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Bepridil treatment of chronic stable angina: a review of comparative studies versus placebo, nifedipine, and diltiazem. 153 68

Recently, it has been shown that changes in gastric electrical rhythm can be connected with clinical syndromes characterized by nausea and vomiting, among these the nausea of pregnancy. We studied gastric electrical activity during the first trimester of pregnancy in nine women with nausea and vomiting (study group) by means of cutaneous electrogastrography. Recordings were made before and after a standardized meal in the 6th-8th wk of gestation, and 2 months after voluntary interruption of pregnancy (VIP). The control group consisted of eight pregnant women without a history of nausea and vomiting. In the women in the study group there was more unstable cutaneous electrogastrographic (EGGc) activity and a reduced increase in postprandial power during pregnancy than after VIP, when a normal pattern with regular 3-cpm EGGc waves was reestablished. The coefficient of variation of gastric frequency during pregnancy was significantly higher than after VIP (p less than 0.01), whereas the postprandial to preprandial power ratio was lower (p less than 0.01). During the recording sessions, none of the subjects had clear episodes of tachygastria or bradygastria, and none of them had nausea, vomiting, or epigastric discomfort. Comparison of the EGGc data for the pregnant women in the study and control groups revealed a similar pattern of gastric electrical activity in the two, the only exception being the power ratio, which was lower in the study group (p less than 0.01). We conclude that pregnant women without symptoms of nausea and vomiting at the time of EGG recordings have normal 3-cpm myoelectrical activity, and that EGGc activity is more unstable and less responsive to the ingestion of food during pregnancy than after VIP. Furthermore, in pregnant women with a history of nausea and vomiting, EGGc activity is less responsive to the ingestion of food than it is in symptom-free pregnant women.
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PMID:Gastric myoelectrical activity in the first trimester of pregnancy: a cutaneous electrogastrographic study. 159 Mar 1

Outpatients undergoing minor diagnostic and therapeutic procedures associated with intermittent discomfort are frequently given bolus injections of intravenous opioid analgesics. In a group of 80 healthy women undergoing vaginal ovum pickup procedures, we evaluated patient-controlled administration of alfentanil using a patient-controlled analgesia device (with a lockout interval of 3 min) as an alternative to conventional physician-controlled administration. The two alfentanil administration techniques were equally effective in providing intraoperative analgesia. The average alfentanil dosage requirements were 1.49 +/- 0.50 and 1.46 +/- 0.55 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 (mean +/- SD) in the physician- and patient-controlled groups, respectively. The incidence of postoperative nausea was the same in both treatment groups (8%). Even with the mandatory lockout interval, intraoperative patient-controlled administration of alfentanil was comparable to physician-controlled administration with respect to patient comfort and satisfaction during vaginal ovum pickup procedures.
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PMID:Intraoperative patient-controlled analgesia: an alternative to physician administration during outpatient monitored anesthesia care. 161 60

The authors specified, briefly, the different subgroups and prevalence of the molecules from the quinolone family: Nalidixic acid (synthesised in 1958), the quinolones of second generation (oxilinic acid, piromidique, pipemidique and flumequine) and the quinolones of third generation (ciprofloxacine, norfloxacine, ofloxacine, perfloxacine). After having mentioned the extent and the importance of using these antibiotics in infections, they stressed the fact that the quinolones are antibiotics which are largely prescribed in clinics and hospitals. The authors reported afterwards the observation of a young female, without any precedent neuropsychiatric disorders having shown a complex clinical state with neurological and psychiatric disturbances during the first day of treatment for a urinary infection with 4 tablets of flumequine 400 mg per day (instead of 3 recommended). Mrs. A. 25 years of age was seen to during the night at The "Consultation Psychiatrique d'Orientation et d'Accueil" (C.P.O.A.). of Sainte-Anne hospital by the resident psychiatric of a General Hospital "after behavioural disturbances". In fact, about 3 hours before and 15 minutes after the third dose of flumequine (2 tablets of 400 mg), this makes the total dose taken over 12 hours is equal to 400 x 4 = 1,600 mg, the patient developed an intense discomfort with blurred vision accompanied by nausea, followed by a state of restlessness and incomprehensible speech. A testimony by relatives revealed that she suffered, shortly afterwards, a generalised fit which affected her 4 limbs with a fixation of her eyes and hypersalivation and convulsions without either swallowing the tongue or involuntary urination.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Neuropsychiatric manifestations and quinolones. Apropos of a case]. 166 73

Histamine, the main amine released during allergic reactions, can provoke coronary arterial spasm manifested as angina pectoris. This has been shown during clinical and laboratory studies. The effects of histamine on cardiac function are mediated via H1- and H2- receptors situated on the four cardiac chambers and coronary arteries. Coronary arteries of cardiac patients are hyperactive and contain stores of histamine which can initiate coronary artery spasm. Clinical observations indicate that angina pectoris or acute myocardial infarction can be provoked by acute allergic reaction. The coincidental occurrence of chest pain and allergic reaction accompanied by clinical and laboratory findings of classical angina pectoris seems to constitute the syndrome of allergic angina. The clinical symptoms of allergic angina include chest discomfort, dyspnoea, faintness, nausea, pruritus and urticaria. They are accompanied by signs such as hypotension, diaphoresis, pallor and bradycardia. There are also electrocardiographic findings indicating myocardial ischaemia, arrhythmias and conduction defects. Thus, in patients undergoing acute allergic reaction, the development of chest pain could be explained by the mechanism of coronary arterial spasm provoked by the release of histamine, which constitutes the syndrome of allergic angina.
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PMID:Histamine-induced coronary artery spasm: the concept of allergic angina. 179 97

An outbreak of Gnathostoma larva migrans occurred among guests of a New Year's party in Chachoengsao, Thailand. Nine people who consumed a raw fish dish called 'Hu-sae' contracted the disease. Five of them developed gastro-intestinal symptoms consisting of nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps and diarrhea as early as within the first 24 hours, while in the other four, symptoms started on the following day. After the initial symptoms pertaining to the gut, malaise, chest discomfort, cough, myalgia, weakness, itching and migratory swellings were experienced. Eosinophilia was demonstrated in every patient with a mean (+/- SE) count of 5,516 +/- 1,010 cells/cu mm. Detection of antibody against aqueous extracts of G. spinigerum adult antigen using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed a titer of 1:1,600 or greater in every patients except one who had a titer of 1:400 (positive greater than or equal to 1:400). This outbreak illustrates the high attack rate when heavily infected fish are consumed.
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PMID:Gnathostoma larva migrans among guests of a New Year party. 182 91

A nurse followed 50 patients at the outpatient unit of Ipswich Hospital in Ipswich, England for 3 weeks. They underwent either laparoscopy, laparoscopy/hydrotubation, or laparoscopic sterilizations. She wanted to determine whether the women felt a need to take analgesics for pain and discomfort after discharge. Only 37 women completed the questionnaire. Anesthetists found 82% of the women exhibited some degree of anxiety. Further women who had a sterilization were less anxious than the other 2 groups. No significant association existed between preoperative anxiety and postoperative headache or nausea, however. 19 women experienced nausea upon the return home or at bedtime. The man distance between the hospital and home was 10.3 miles. 7 women still felt nauseous 3 days after leaving the hospital. Further 2 patients had nausea for 2 weeks. 1 woman stayed in the hospital overnight since she was nauseous and dizzy. 3 women had headaches right after laparoscopy. The next day, 11 patients had headaches. 5 women wanted to spend 1 night in the hospital. 24 (65%) women needed analgesics for up to 3 days after laparoscopy, 20 of whom had pain in 1 location (head, back, shoulders, and abdomen). The analgesics included omnopon, fentanyl, cocodaprin, and alfentanil. 13 women who experienced pain, but did not use any analgesics. The study did not consider several factors, e.g., whether the women had a headache before laparoscopy. Neither did it take into account the home environment or the number of children to tend to when they returned home. Further the study did not look at patient mobility and activity at home, reasons for talking the analgesics (specific pain or generalized discomfort), or use of nitrous oxide which has an emetic effect. The researcher ended with recommendations such as further research on the effects of the trip home on pain, nausea, or headaches.
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PMID:Are analgesics necessary for women at home following laparoscopic gynaecological day surgery? 183 69

In 25 patients (19 males and 6 females) suffering from chronic arteriopathy of lower extremities at Fontaine stage II, the clinical efficacy of picotamide was investigated in double blind, cross over placebo-controlled study. Patients were assigned randomly to the treatment with placebo or picotamide (900 mg/die) for three months and, after 15 days of wash-out, to the treatment with picotamide or placebo for the same period. Painfree walking distance and ankle/arm systolic pressure ratio improved significantly only during picotamide treatment. Laboratory monitoring revealed a significant decrease in platelet aggregation and an increase of fibrinogen degradation products only during picotamide treatment. Three patients during picotamide treatment referred transient gastrointestinal discomfort (nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea); however in no case the treatment was suspended because of the appearance of these symptoms. These results indicate that picotamide is an effective drug in the management of chronic arteriopathy of lower extremities.
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PMID:[The clinico-instrumental evaluation of the efficacy of picotamide in treating chronic obstructive arteriopathies of the lower extremities]. 188 58

Dyspepsia can be defined as the presence of upper abdominal pain or discomfort; other symptoms referable to the proximal gastrointestinal tract, such as nausea, early satiety, and bloating, may also be present. Symptoms may or may not be meal related. To be termed chronic, dyspepsia should have been present for three months or longer. Over half the patients who present with chronic dyspepsia have no evidence of peptic ulceration, other focal lesions, or systemic disease and are diagnosed as having non-ulcer (or functional) dyspepsia. Non-ulcer dyspepsia is a heterogeneous syndrome. It has been proposed that this entity can be subdivided into a number of symptomatic clusters or groupings that suggest possible underlying pathogenetic mechanisms. These groupings include ulcer-like dyspepsia (typical symptoms of peptic ulcer are present), dysmotility (stasis)-like dyspepsia (symptoms include nausea, early satiety, bloating, and belching that suggest gastric stasis or small intestinal dysmotility), and reflux-like dyspepsia (heartburn or acid regurgitation accompanies upper abdominal pain or discomfort). The aetiology of non-ulcer dyspepsia is not established, although it is likely a multifactorial disorder. Motility abnormalities may be important in a subset of dyspepsia patients but probably do not explain the symptoms in the majority. Epidemiological studies have not convincingly demonstrated an association between Helicobacter pylori and non-ulcer dyspepsia. Other potential aetiological mechanisms, such as increased gastric acid secretion, psychological factors, life-event stress, and dietary factors, have not been established as causes of non-ulcer dyspepsia. Management of non-ulcer dyspepsia is difficult because its pathogenesis is poorly understood and is confounded because of a high placebo response rate. Until more data are available, it seems reasonable that treatment regimens target the clinical groupings described above. Antacids are no more effective than placebo in non-ulcer dyspepsia, although a subgroup of non-ulcer dyspepsia patients with reflux-like or ulcer-like symptoms may respond to H2-receptor antagonists. However, there is no significant benefit of these agents over placebo in many cases. Bismuth has been shown to be superior to placebo in patients with H. pylori in a number of studies, but these trials had several shortcomings and others have reported conflicting findings. Sucralfate was demonstrated in one study to be superior to placebo, but this finding was not confirmed by another group of investigators. Prokinetic drugs appear to be efficacious, and may be most useful in patients with dysmotility-like and reflux-like dyspepsia.
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PMID:Non-ulcer dyspepsia: myths and realities. 188 33


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