Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-two patients were given progressively increasing doses of Cytembena to determine toxicity patterns and to establish a dosage which produces definite but clinically tolerable toxicity when the drug is given by intravenous injections in a 5-day intensive course. Toxicity consisted primarily of nausea, vomiting, arm pain, and transiently decreased renal function. At higher doses, an "autonomic-storm" phenomenon was observed consisting of hypertension, tachycardia, tachypnea, hyperperistalsis, frequent explosive defecation, facial flushing and paresthesias, and chest pain with accompanying ischemic EKG changes. There was no evidence of mucocutaneous, hepatic, or hematologic toxic effects. Toxicity was dose-related, first being recognized at a daily dose of 300 mg/m2 and becoming clinically intolerable at a daily dose of 475 mg/m2. No permanent damage was observed in any of the organ systems monitored. An acceptable treatment regimen for most patients is 400 mg/m2/day for 5 days. Patient discomfort can be reduced by dividing each day's dose into two intravenous injections given at an interval of at least 6 hours. Coronary artery disease and impaired renal function should be contraindications to Cytembena therapy, and caution should be employed in the patients with significant impairment of liver function. Two of 22 patients, both with far-advanced carcinoma and previous chemotherapy failures, showed a favorable objective response to Cytembena therapy. Phase II studies to assess the magnitude of the drug's antineoplastic activity seem warranted.
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PMID:A phase I study of cytembena. 94 91

In 27 patients after selective or truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty the occurrence of duodenogastric reflux was checked by two methods, by the measurement of Bromsulphalein (BSP)-concentration in the gastric aspirate after BSP was given intravenously and by instillation of a barium meal in the second part of the duodenum followed by upper GI-series. In 20 of 23 patients reflux was recorded radiologically, in 18 of 27 patients reflux was shown by the BSP-Method. Proven bile reflux was associated with major postoperative discomfort, such as epigastric fullness, nausea and epigastric pain, it was also associated with gastritis as shown by microscopic examination of biopsies taken from the antrum. It is recommended to consider duodenogastric reflux as a possible reason for patients complaints after vagotomy and pyloroplasty. To avoid those complaints the preference of proximal gastric vagotomy without pyloroplasty is supported, if preoperative gastric emptying is not impaired.
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PMID:[Duodenogastric reflux after vagotomy and pyloroplasty (author's transl)]. 125 49

This prospective study was conducted to determine the sedative effects of IV ketamine and fentanyl on vital signs and behavior. Twenty-seven children, classified as ASA I, with a mean age of 34 months, were studied. The dosages of IV ketamine and fentanyl given were 0.5 mg/kg and 0.5 mcg/kg, respectively, approximately every 15-20 min. The pulse rate averaged 125 throughout the case. Blood pressure averaged 112/64. The respiration rate averaged 22 breaths per min. Mean behavior composite scores were 1.9 at the initial examination and 3.3 during treatment. One child vomited during treatment. Post-treatment complications were discomfort in 19% (5), nausea in 22% (6), and vomiting in 15% (4) of the patients. We concluded that IV sedation of precooperative healthy pediatric patients with ketamine, fentanyl, and nitrous oxide/oxygen appears to be a safe and effective sedation modality with minimal side effects when administered and monitored by a qualified anesthetist, offering the practitioner an alternative to general anesthesia.
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PMID:IV sedation in pediatric dentistry: an alternative to general anesthesia. 130 25

Of 167 patients, who underwent cardiac surgery using topical ice slush, 21 (12.6%) were found to have phrenic nerve palsy postoperatively. In addition, two patients showed severe epigastric discomfort, such as nausea, vomiting and gastric distension. These symptoms were consistent with so called "gastric ileus", first reported by Spencer et al. The injury of thoracic vagi induced by topical ice slush might be related to the development of this complication.
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PMID:[So-called "gastric ileus" induced by the use of topical ice slush: report of two cases]. 132 73

Postoperative discomfort following cholecystectomy has diminished considerably since laparoscopic surgery was introduced. This study assessed the degree of postoperative pain and nausea when, during the operation, the trocar sites had been infiltrated with bupivacaine and antiemetics (ondansetron) had been administered. Postoperative pain intensity was moderate as 20% of the patients were managed without any opiates postoperatively and 88% did not require any opiates after discharge from the recovery room. Postoperative nausea and vomiting is known to be a problem that occasionally has been reported to delay discharge from the hospital. A single dose of ondansetron at the end of the operation seems to reduce postoperative nausea effectively. Two-thirds of the patients had no complaints of nausea, and the majority of the remainder experienced only mild and transitory nausea. We recommend that stab-wound sites be infiltrated with local anesthetics and that antiemetics be administered at the end of the operation.
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PMID:Postoperative pain and nausea after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. 134 50

The effectiveness of a once-weekly i.m. injection of ceruletide (0.8 microgram/kg) in suppressing the symptoms of neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia (TD) was evaluated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, matched-pairs study. Global evaluation of the severity of TD symptoms over the 8-week study period revealed a significant improvement with ceruletide as compared with placebo. Analysis of the therapeutic response to ceruletide over the course of treatment revealed a slow, but long-lasting improvement of TD symptoms. Side effects, which were mild and transient, consisted mainly of nausea and epigastric discomfort. The incidence of side effects did not differ between the ceruletide- and placebo-treated groups. Ceruletide appears to be a novel and practical treatment that can substantially alleviate the symptoms of dyskinesia.
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PMID:Treatment of tardive dyskinesia with ceruletide: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. 135 1

We described two cases of the lateral medullary syndrome (Wallenberg's syndrome) due to vertebral artery dissection following minimal neck injuries. The first case was a 45-year-old man, who hit his head and often rotated his head because of posterior neck discomfort. Two years after the injury, he suffered from sudden sharp neck pain, nausea, and vertigo, which was followed by left hand numbness and difficulty in walking due to the right lateral medullary syndrome. Angiography showed right vertebral artery dissection at the fourth segment. The second case, a 48-year-old man, suffered from neck pain immediately after he hyperextended his neck for painting a wall. Within several hours, he experienced left hand numbness and difficulty in walking due to the lateral medullary syndrome. Angiography showed a saccular aneurysm and dissection of the right vertebral artery at the fourth segment. In both cases, minor traumas were thought to be the causes of vertebral artery dissection. We surveyed previously reported 84 cases (men: 50, women: 34) of the vertebral artery dissection due to minor traumas. Seventy per cent of patients were in their third or fourth decade of life. The main causes of trauma preceding the dissection were neck manipulation especially chiropractics (52%). The third segment was most vulnerable. Delay in onset following neck trauma could be more than a week, but in most cases the delay was less than 24 hours. Cervical rotation and extension were thought to precipitate dissection.
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PMID:[Wallenberg's syndrome due to vertebral artery dissection following minimal neck injury--report of two cases]. 139 31

A 58-year-old chronic alcoholism patient, who complained of epigastric discomfort, nausea, and frequent loose stool was diagnosed as strongyloidiasis accompanied by duodenal ulcer. The symptoms first appeared two years ago and aggravated during the recent 3 months, and he lost 4 kg of his body weight. Stool examination revealed rhabditoid nematode larvae, which were confirmed as those of Strongyloides stercoralis after cultivation of them to filariform larvae. At duodenoscopy, duodenal ulcer was found. The patient was treated with albendazole (200 mg, bid, for 14 days) for strongyloidiasis and with colloidal bismuth sulfate (240 mg, bid, for 6 weeks) for duodenal ulcer. After the medication, the symptoms of loose stool and epigastric discomfort were much improved and he was discharged with no clinical problems. This is an interesting case which suggests that S. stercoralis infection could be related with ulceration of the duodenal mucosa.
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PMID:[A case of strongyloidiasis accompanied by duodenal ulcer]. 142 36

Motility-like dyspepsia, a clinical subgroup of functional dyspepsia, refers to the cluster of symptoms which suggests an underlying motility disturbance of the upper gut. Characteristic symptoms, in addition to upper abdominal pain or discomfort, are nausea, vomiting, early satiety, anorexia, postprandial abdominal bloating and excessive repetitive postprandial belching. Patients with concomitant symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome are currently excluded from this clinical entity. Delayed gastric emptying of solids and/or liquids, postprandial antral hypomotility and antroduodenal incoordination, gastric myoelectrical arrhythmias and dysfunction of visceral afferents are the major alterations in upper gut sensorimotor activity which have been described. An empirical trial of medical therapy is warranted if there are no "alarm" symptoms at presentation. If symptoms are not relieved after 2-4 weeks, then investigations of the upper gastrointestinal tract, preferably by endoscopy, to exclude the presence of organic disease, is advisable. Management approaches are then reassurance, dietary manipulations and attention to psychosocial aspects. Prokinetic agents appear to be useful as short-term medical therapy in some patients, but optimum long-term treatment strategies, including the use of medications which may improve a diminished tolerance to gut distension, are not established.
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PMID:Motility-like dyspepsia. Current concepts in pathogenesis, investigation and management. 144 83

Fifty pregnant women with a hemoglobin between > 10 and < or = 12 g/100 ml during the second three months of pregnancy participated in a non-comparative clinical trial intended to evaluate, during a one month treatment period, the acceptability and effectiveness of an iron supplement (Bio-fer), combined with a high iron diet. Gastric discomfort regressed (present in 11 and 3 women before and after treatment) (p < 0.05), the same applying to constipation (p < 0.05) (present in 17 and 8 women before and after treatment). Reasons for abandoning treatment were nausea (n = 2) and vertigo (n = 1). Anemia or deficiency, evaluated on the basis of hemoglobin and iron-binding capacity levels, improved or stabilised in 34 patients out of 47 (72.3%). Hemoglobin increased (p < 0.0001) on average from 11.4 +/- 0.6 to 11.7 +/- 0.8 g/100 ml.
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PMID:[Efficacy and tolerance of a dietary iron supplement (Bio-fer) in pregnancy anemia]. 148 77


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