Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A double-blind random study compared lorazepam with diazepam as i.m. premedicants in 84 healthy women undergoing uterine curettage. Anxiety, assessed by a self-rating test by the patient and by a trained observer, was reduced 90 min after both lorazepam (P less than 0.001) and diazepam (P less than 0.01). There was more sedation and a longer recovery time after lorazepam than after diazepam. Amnesia at 24 h after operation (lack of recall rather than lack of recognition) was greater after lorazepam. There was transient local discomfort at the site of the injection in most patients in both groups, but no serious effects. Local erythema was present in 12 patients who received lorazepam and 10 who received diazepam 90 min after the injection, disappearing after 24 h in the former group but remaining in the latter. The incidence of nausea, vomiting and headache in both groups was small and similar, but there was more restlessness and dizziness after diazepam in the early recovery period.
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PMID:Comparison of lorazepam and diazepam as premedicants. 2 39

175 women of reproductive age, with hirsutism of differing degrees and different pathogenetic causes (ovarian, adrenal, iatrogenic) or idiopathic, and acne were treated with two different combinations of Cyprotrone acetate and ethinyl estradiol (SH 8.1041 and SH B209AB). 90 patients were given SH 8.1041 and 10 were given SH B209AB. 75 received both preparations. The total number of treatment cycles was 1534. Clinical, hormonal and biochemical assessments were made before, during and after treatment. The degrees of hirsutism and acne, and of seborrhea and hair loss when present, were scored by means of a modified version of the Ferriman and Gallway criteria. SH 8.1041 brought about a significant improvement in the majority of the patients. SH B209AB was generally used as maintenance therapy for hirsutism and severe acne. It was the initial treatment of choice in patients with milder acne. Reduction of hirsutism was usually apparent after the fourth cycle of therapy and acne regressed after the first month. Both combinations were well-tolerated biochemically. In a few patients on SH 8.1042, slight and transient increases in BSP, SGOT, SGPT and bilirubin were observed, but cessation of treatment was not necessary. Some patients on SH 8.1041 complained of transient frigidity, mild depression, breast discomfort and nausea.
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PMID:Treatment of hirsutism and acne in women with two combinations of cyproterone acetate and ethinylestradiol. 14 May 76

The author questions the conventional assumption that the pneumoperitoneum must be established before insertion of the laparoscope and its trocar. Complications commonly associated with establishment of a needle-induced pneumoperitoneum include subcutaneous emphysema, blood vessel penetration, retroperitoneal emphysema, bowel distention, overdistention, gas embolism, and omental emphysema. This paper summarizes the author's experience with 301 outpatient laparoscopies performed in 1976-77 using the method of direct trocar insertion without prior pneumoperitoneum. The process of pneumoperitoneum was visualized directly through the Needlescope. 54 cases were performed under general anesthesia and 247 under local anesthesia. Complications were encountered in only 3 cases (1 uterine perforation and 2 cases requiring postoperative hospitalization for nausea and vomiting). There were no cases of technical failure. Comparison of recovery times for 250 consecutive patients treated without preliminary pneumoperitoneum and 117 patients treated with the conventional technique indicated that the recovery time was 19 minutes shorter on average in the former group because of a lessened degree of postoperative discomfort, nausea, and vomiting. Although further research is necessary to confirm the findings in this series, it seems plausible to suggest that a reduction of complications associated with needle-induced pneumoperitoneum may be possible with this technique.
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PMID:Direct laparoscope trocar insertion without prior pneumoperitoneum. 15 Nov 44

Prevalence rates of various side effects were studied comparatively among 3 oral contraceptive preparations containing 50 mcg of the estrogen component. Norinyl 1/50, Ovral, and Norlestrin 1 were each randomly assigned to groups of 160 healthy women who had consented to participate in the study designed to quantitate probabilities of experiencing specific side effects and of their continuing into the subsequent cycles. Acne, breast discomfort, nausea, abdominal bloating, headache, fatigue, depression, irritability, vaginal discharge, and breakthrough bleeding were the specific side effects studied; only breakthrough bleedings showed a statistical difference in prevalence. The rate of breakthrough bleeding associated with Ovral use in the 1st 3 cycles (16.6%) was significantly (P .05) lower than that associated with using either Norinyl or Norlestrin (46% and 51.7%, respectively). Norelestrin, aside from breakthrough bleeding, was reported as generally freer of side effects than the other 2 preparations. The probabilities of side effects being experienced in the 2nd or 3rd cycle after the effect(s) was experienced in the 1st cycle showed that overall, for all 3 combination pills, the probabilities significantly decreased from the 2nd to the 3rd cycle (P .05). Also examined was the probability that a side effect would occur in the 2nd or 3rd cycle if the user had not experienced such an effect in the 1st cycle. In each instance, the probabilities are significantly lower (P .05) than the corresponding probabilities where the symptom had been experienced in a previous cycle. These data support the contention that side effects experienced on inititation of oral contraceptives should not prohibit its continuation because the majority of symptoms will disappear as the patient becomes accustomed to the hormonal preparation.
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PMID:The probability of side effects with ovral, norinyl 1/50 and norlestrin. 16 Aug 60

Long-acting oral contraceptives (OCs) for women were available for clinical experimentation in 1969. Through the country, 29 provinces, cities, and autonomous regions participated in this expirement. Based upon the cases between 1969 and 1976 findings from this expirement can be summarized as follows: 1) the 3 types of long-acting OCs have proved to be very effective, and the rate of breast cancer and cervical cancer is lower than the normal rate. The childbearing ability can be restored rapidly after discontinued use of the contraceptives. The impact on menses and metaboliism is not very serious. The health of the users and the newborn babies has not been found to be endangered. Statistics show that long-acting OCs are comparatively more secure measures for birth control; 2) some users have experienced dizziness, nausea, and excessive leukorrhea, and discontdiscontinued because of discomfort and inconvenience. This situation has some impact on the popular use of long-acting OCs. Research and studies are underway on a reduced dosage and reduction of side effects; 3) women who suffer from hepatitis, nephritis, a history of liver and kidney problems, breast tumors, cervical cancer, diabetes, active low blood sugar, or a history of having over-sized babies, or an overweight problem should not use OCs. Women who suffer from high blood pressure can only use OCs with a doctor's advice and caution.
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PMID:[Clinical observations on long-acting oral contraceptives--a report of 43,373 (author's transl)]. 26 34

Subjective discomfort caused by nausea and hot, pruritic skin has been described in patients after ingestion of therapeutic dosages of niacin is shown by this study to be alleviated by propranolol HC1. A dosage of 2 mg, I.V., given incrementally, in a clinical trial of six patients is described. The peripheral vasodilator effects of niacin were attenuated in some subjects but not in others. However, all subjects reported relief of unpleasant symptoms. Serial vital signs were taken and no significant changes were found. It is postulated that propranolol HC1 exerts a calmative effect at the CNS level. In a series that utilized doses of 40 and 80 mg of propranolol HC1 taken orally 30 min prior to the ingestion of 500 or 1000 mg of niacin, a progressive increase in the onset of the niacin flush was observed. It is proposed that as the available plasma level of propranolol HC1 falls, the ratio of niacin to propranolol HC1 increases, exceeding the threshold at which the flush occurs. Both these studies suggest that further work is indicated to establish the possible therapeutic efficacy of propranolol HC1.
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PMID:Preliminary report of the effects of propranolol HCl on the discomfiture caused by niacin. 33 54

A comparative controlled study was carried out in 40 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthrosis or ankylosing spondylitis to assess the efficacy of ketoprofen and ibuprofen. Patients were allocated at random to receive either 100 mg ketoprofen twice daily or 400 mg ibuprofen 3-times daily over a period of 3 months. Subjective overall assessments of symptoms, based on rating scale scores for pain, duration of morning stiffness and inflammation, showed that there was a greater, more rapid and more sustained improvement in those patients treated with ketoprofen. Measurements of inflamed joint size and of grip strength also improved more with ketoprofen than with ibuprofen. Side-effects, notably nausea, epigastric discomfort and abdominal pain, were more frequent and severe with ketoprofen, leading to the withdrawal of 2 patients in the early stage of the trial, and were probably related to the high dosage used. Three patients receiving ibuprofen needed 7 injections of ACTH to control their symptoms.
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PMID:A comparative trial of ketoprofen and ibuprofen in patients with rheumatic disease. 35 May

The efficacy and tolerance of proquazone, 900 mg, and ibuprofen, 1200 mg, were compared in a randomized, double-blind clinical trial of 6 months' duration, with 44 patients, 21 on proquazone and 23 on ibuprofen. Comparison of proquazone-treated patients with patients treated with iburofen showed a significantly better improvement , as is demonstrated by the significant differences in the Lansbury Index, in nocturnal pain, final assessment of therapeutic effect, and number of interruptions due to lack of efficacy. All differences were in favour of proquazone, proving its therapeutic superiority over ibuprofen. The side effects in the proquazone group were mainly gastrointestinal, and 2 patients broke off treatment prematurely due to diarrhoea (in one patient, lack of efficacy was a contributory cause). A third patient discontinued because of moderate nausea and dizziness. In the ibuprofen group, 4 patients discontinued because of side effects (skin eruptions, dizziness, epigastric discomfort, and one thrombocytopenia) in addition to lack of efficacy. Proquazone seems to be an effective and well tolerated anti-inflammatory analgesic.
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PMID:A long-term double-blind comparative study on proquazone (Biarison) and ibuprofen in rheumatoid arthritis. 35 39

A double blind trial was performed in patients with Cesarean section in order to study the effect of Simeticon (Stuart Pharmaceutical Company, Pasadena, California) on the occurrence of subjective and objective signs of gas distress during the immediate postoperative period. The results obtained with Simeticon show a highly significant reduction of the analysed subjective complaints (nausea, vomiting, meteorism, discomfort in the stomach, abdominal pains) in relation to placebo. Peristaltic movements in patients treated with Simeticon appeared in the first two days in 100% of cases and only in 30% in the placebo group. Flatulence also appeared in all the patients receiving Simeticon, in contrast to only 20% in the placebo group. There was no difference in spontanous defecation between the groups. On the basis of the results obtained, and considering the non-toxicity of the drug, its chemical inertnees, good tolerance, and simple use, the authors consider simeticon very useful for the prevention and therapy of postoperative discomfort due to gas accumulation and gastro-intestinal distention after Cesarean section.
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PMID:[Use of simethicone in the prevention of postoperative abdominal discomfort and gastrointestinal distension after cesarean section]. 39 87

Daily increasing intravenous doses of Corynebacterium parvum (C.p.) up to 5 mg/m2 i.v. X 10-14 days were given to 6 patients with widespread metastatic neoplastic diseases resistant to radio- and chemotherapy. The immunotherapy treatment-cycles were evaluated for toxic and immunologic side effects and also for possible clinical benefit to the patients. Immunotherapy with i.v.-C.p. was moderately well tolerated. Subjective discomfort for the patients (headache, chills, nausea) was not better tolerated with ongoing treatment-doses. After the 3rd day the body temperature rose nearly regularly to 40 degrees and more within 3-4 h after i.v.-C.p. and returned to normal levels about 6-10 h after the infusion was stopped. Hematological values were monitored on day 1, 4, 8, 15. WBC counts rose after an initial moderate decrease to normal levels. Monocyte counts rose also after an initial transient fall to pre-treatment levels. The monocytic activity index of Naphthol-AS-D-Chloro-Acetate-Esterase, correlating with the monocyte turnover, did not show a significant change. Granulocyte counts, especially stabs, increased slightly. Lymphocyte counts, the number and relations of B, T and O-cells, did not change in a uniform typical way. Hemoglobin values fell in all patients, reticulocyte counts increased, and the blood sedimentation rate did not change.
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PMID:Toxic and immunologic side effects of daily C. parvum-infusion in treatment-resistant cancer patients. 60 46


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