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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gastrointestinal infection due to cytomegalovirus occurs frequently in liver transplant recipients. Upper gastrointestinal cytomegalovirus infection is associated with subjective complaints of nausea, a sense of abdominal fullness, and occasionally emesis and/or dysphagia. In order to determine whether these symptoms reflect a disruption of the normal motility of the stomach, the following study was performed. Eleven individuals who were evaluated for liver transplantation were prospectively recruited and studied as follows: (1) upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with biopsy of the gastric antral mucosa; (2) viral culture of the gastric mucosa; (3) a histologic examination of the gastric mucosa; and (4) a radionuclide gastric emptying study was obtained before and 4-8 weeks following successful liver transplantation. Prior to liver transplantation, none had symptoms of nausea, vomiting, or epigastric fullness. All were culture-negative for cytomegalovirus. All had endoscopic and histologic evidence of portal hypertensive gastropathy but none had antral erosions or ulcers. All demonstrated normal gastric emptying of a liquid meal. Following liver transplantation, 6 remained free of gastric cytomegalovirus while 5 developed a culture-confirmed gastric cytomegalovirus infection. Those that developed a gastric cytomegalovirus infection also had more gastric symptoms, and more gastric histologic abnormalities. Moreover, those with a gastric cytomegalovirus infection demonstrated enhanced gastric retention of a liquid meal (P less than 0.01).
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PMID:Cytomegalovirus infection and gastric emptying. 132 20

A case reported herein is a patient with ruptured minute pancreaticodudenal arterial aneurysms that proved difficult to distinguish from malignant tumors of the pancreas or duodenum. A 61-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of abdominal fullness, epigastralgia, nausea, and vomiting. Pre-operative examinations demonstrated duodenal stenosis, mass formation in the head of the pancreas, and three tiny aneurysms in the branches of the gastroduodenal artery. At surgery, an orange-sized mass was revealed in the head of the pancreas, which had adhered fibrously to the duodenum, inferior vena cava, and transverse mesocolon. Thus, pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed with a tentative diagnosis of a malignant tumor of the pancreas or duodenum. Subsequent histopathologic examinations, however, demonstrated the presence of a hematoma between the pancreas and duodenum, extensive fibrosis around the hematoma and dissecting aneurysms in the branches of the pancreaticoduodenal artery. In this case, it was considered that fibrosis around the ruptured aneurysms extending to the surrounding organs made it difficult to distinguish the aneurysms from a malignant tumor.
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PMID:Duodenal stenosis caused by ruptured aneurysms of the pancreaticoduodenal artery--a case report. 273 80

The syndrome of abdominal fullness and nausea, diaphoresis, chest pain, and ECG changes long has been associated with impending myocardial infarction. For a few patients, however, a working diagnosis of coronary ischemia is seen to be inaccurate on further testing, including stress testing and cardiac catheterization. Acute cholecystitis may cause a clinical picture similar to that of cardiac ischemia. The ECG changes that may occur in acute cholecystitis, the possible basis for these changes, and their clinical implications are discussed in this article.
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PMID:Electrocardiographic changes in acute cholecystitis. 274 79

A nutritional assessment including determination of symptoms potentially influencing weight loss was prospectively performed on 254 consecutive cancer patients with favorable performance scores (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG] level 0 to 2). Primary cancer sites included the following: non-small cell lung (n = 93), colon (n = 50), prostate (n = 23), oropharyngeal (n = 18), breast (n = 15), gastrointestinal (n = 13), and other (n = 42). Thirty-nine percent of patients had received no prior chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Common symptoms in the population were abdominal fullness (61%), taste change (46%), constipation (41%), mouth dryness (40%), nausea (39%), and vomiting (27%). Current caloric intake was surprisingly similar in 170 patients with weight loss (percent usual body weight [PUBW], less than or equal to 95%) compared with 84 without weight loss (PUBW, greater than 95%; 31.4 +/- 1.5 versus 30.5 +/- 2.1 kcal/kg/d, respectively). Symptoms identified by multivariate analysis as occurring significantly more frequently in populations with weight loss included abdominal fullness (P less than 0.001), taste change (P less than 0.002), vomiting (P less than 0.005), and mouth dryness (P less than 0.02). There was no difference in frequency of symptoms between patients with or without prior chemotherapy. These results indicate that gastrointestinal/oral symptoms potentially influencing weight loss are prevalent early in the course of cancer patients with unresectable disease, regardless of current nutritional status, caloric intake, or prior therapy experience.
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PMID:Symptoms potentially influencing weight loss in a cancer population. Correlations with primary site, nutritional status, and chemotherapy administration. 291 Apr 38

A 45-year-old female manifested lower abdominal fullness and symptoms of hypercalcemia with nausea, vomiting, and thirst. Physical examination showed a right ovarian mass and laboratory data demonstrated hypercalcemia (14.6 mg/dl). The radiographic findings confirmed a right ovarian tumor without any evidence of bone metastasis. Tests revealed that her PTH, nephrogenic urinary cyclic AMP, and 1-25 (OH)2 Vitamin D were not high but that her prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was elevated. After correction of her calcium elevation with infusion and prednisolone, right oophorectomy with tumor excision was performed. A histological examination of the tumor revealed a mucinous cysto-adenocarcinoma. The postoperative course has been uneventful, with normal calcium and PGE2 values. This case illustrates that hypercalcemia associated with an ovarian carcinoma (Malignancy-associated hypercalcemia) can be mediated by the patient's PGE2 in part.
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PMID:[A case of hypercalcemia with ovarian carcinoma]. 323 Jun 42

This study evaluated the effect of gastric bypass on the glucose, insulin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), neurotensin, and motilin response to orally administered glucose in eight morbidly obese patients before and after operation. Preoperatively, all eight patients remained asymptomatic during an oral glucose tolerance test, which showed glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinism. Plasma VIP, neurotensin, and motilin remained below detectable levels for the entire test. At three months following gastric bypass (21% weight loss), all eight patients became acutely ill during a repeated oral glucose tolerance test and had the following symptoms: facial flushing (eight patients), palpitations (eight patients), nausea (seven patients), abdominal fullness (seven patients), pallor (four patients), diaphoresis (two patients), vomiting (two patients), and diarrhea (two patients). Significant release of neurotensin occurred in seven patients while three patients had release of VIP, further implicating these two peptides as part of the pathophysiologic spectrum of the "dumping syndrome."
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PMID:Neurotensin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy. Their role in the dumping syndrome. 398

The clinical effectiveness of a new synthetic pyridoncarboxylic acid derivative, norfloxacin (NFLX: Baccidal) was studied in the urological field. NFLX was given clinically to 50 patients with urogenital tract infections; 40 cases were acute simple cystitis and 10 cases were complicated UTI satisfied the criteria of the UTI committee. Thirty two bacterial strains were isolated from the group of acute simple cystitis and 10 bacterial strains were isolated from the group of complicated UTI. Susceptibility of NFLX by the method of distribution and disk sensitivity was 97% in the former group and 89% in the latter group. The overall clinical efficacy rate estimated by the criteria of the UTI committee in 32 cases with acute simple cystitis was 97% and in 10 cases with complicated UTI was 60%. The incidence of side effect was 8.0% (4/50). All of these side effects which were nausea, abdominal fullness and headache may be attributable to the administration of NFLX. No abnormal laboratory findings were observed except for elevation in GOT and GPT values in 1 case (4.0%), which returned to normal after NFLX treatment. Therefore NFLX is suggested to be a clinically useful and safe drug in the treatment of UTI.
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PMID:[Clinical experience of norfloxacin (Baccidal) in the urological field]. 408 23

In the inoperable Borrmann type 4 Gastric cancer, which is to be used as a synonym of gastric scirrhus clinically, it is regrettable but effect is hardly expected from radiotherapy or immunotherapy, and the treatment relies entirely on chemotherapy. We have reported the results of our questionnaires collected from 108 hospitals (internal medicine-40 and surgical-68) all over Japan to investigate the prevailing circumstances of inoperable Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer. Therapies performed by singular medication were: 1). oral and intravenous 5-FU-33.3%, 2). oral, intravenous and suppository tegafur-27.4% and intravenous MMC-27.4%, of the total 84 methods reported in the field of internal medicine; and 1). administration of 5-FU-29.1%, 2). intravenous MMC-26.8% and 3). tegafur-22%, of the total 127 therapies reported in the surgical field. The therapies performed by combined medications were: 1). 5-FU+MMC-22.6%, 2). MFC-12.1%, 3). tegafur+MMC, and FAM-8.3% (further 29 examples of combination medications consisting of 2-4 preparations), of the total 124 therapies reported in the field of internal medicine; and 1). 5-FU+MMC-22.6%, 2). MFC-12.1% and tegafur+MMC-7.3% (further 37 examples consisting of 2-4 preparations), of the total 124 therapies reported in the surgical field. The total cases judged as 'effective' in all the hospitals were 71. The breakdown is as follows: 1). 'effective for the primary focus'-47 cases/66.7%, expansion of affected site proved by gastric radiogram and endoscopic image-33 cases/46.5%, expansion of affected site proved only by endoscopy-4 cases/5.6%; shrinkage of malignant ulcer and flattening of randwall, disappearance of extra-gastric compression by endoscopic image-2 cases. 2). ineffective for the primary focus'-24 cases/33.8%, of which disappearance of or decrease in ascites-11 cases/15.5%; improvement of anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal fullness, strange epigastric sensation, abnormal evacuation, disappearance of diarrhea etc. and increase in body weight-13 cases. In 50% survival period, the cases in which chemotherapy was judged as entirely ineffective were 283 and the period was 2.9 months. The 50i% survival period for the above-mentioned total effective cases was 8.5 months, of which the 50%r survival period for the effective cases by radiographic and endoscopic findings in the primary focus was 10.65 months showing the prolongation effect of life span. One year survival rate was also 36%. Draft of the Critria of Cancer Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer proposed by Japanese Research Society for Gastric Cancer, which including the evaluation of Borrmann type 4 cancer, was introduced.
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PMID:[Chemotherapy of unresectable Borrmann's type IV stomach cancer]. 641 75

Gallbladder toxin of the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) is a less well-known cause of acute renal failure. Three cases are reported and the diagnosis is primarily clinical. All our patients presented initially with gastrointestinal upset including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal fullness. These symptoms usually occurred with 10 min to 18 h after the ingestion the raw gallbladder of the grass carp. All our cases developed acute renal failure and in two of them toxic hepatitises were noted. An acute tubular necrosis was demonstrated on renal biopsy in one of our patients. The treatment is mainly supportive and two of them received hemodialysis. All three cases recovered, with normal renal and liver functions 2-4 weeks after the incident. A review of the cases previously reported in the English literature is presented.
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PMID:Acute renal failure due to ingestion of the gallbladder of grass carp: report of 3 cases with review of literature. 829 Jul 11

Abnormalities in gastrointestinal motility have been reported in a substantial proportion of patients with functional dyspepsia, supporting the use of prokinetic drugs for treatment of dyspeptic symptoms. To evaluate efficacy and safety of levosulpiride in short-term treatment, 1298 patients were enrolled in a double-blind multicentric study carried out in 45 Italian Gastroenterology Departments. Patients were randomly assigned to either levosulpiride (25 mg tid), domperidone (10 mg tid), metoclopramide (10 mg tid) or placebo (1 tablet tid) for 4 weeks. Patients were selected on the basis of: a) occurrence in the last 4 weeks of at least 5/10 selected symptoms (anorexia, nausea, vomiting, upper abdominal pain, postprandial bloating, abdominal fullness, early satiety, belching, heartburn, regurgitation), severity of which should reach/exceed a total score of 8, as assessed by a specific scale ranging from 0 (absent) to 3 (severe); b) normal results of routine biochemical, ultrasound and endoscopic examinations. In addition, each patient subjectively evaluated efficacy of treatment by a visual analogue scale. Significant improvement was recorded for all symptoms at days 10 and 28 in all groups (p < 0.001), but levosulpiride was significantly (p < 0.01) superior to domperidone, metoclopramide and placebo both in the overall clinical improvement scale as well as in a subgroup of symptoms (postprandial bloating, epigastric pain, heartburn). Active treatments and placebo were comparable as far as concerns occurrence of side-effects (12-20%) including galactorrhoea, breast tenderness and menstrual changes.
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PMID:Levosulpiride in functional dyspepsia: a multicentric, double-blind, controlled trial. 889 46


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