Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We describe a case of multiorgan failure after intravesical bacillus Carmette-Guern (BCG) immunotherapy for bladder cancer. A 58-year-old man with superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder was initially treated by transurethral resection and intravenous chemotherapy, and then administered 11 sessions of BCG intravesically. He was administered BCG intravesically after cystoscopic examination. The next day he complained of nausea and malaise. He became hypotensive. The symptom progressed with multiorgan failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation and respiratory failure. The patient gradually improved with administration of antibiotics and corticosteroid, and hemodialysis, without antituberculous antibiotics. Intravesical instillation of BCG should not be carried out immediately after cystoscopic examination.
 ...
PMID:[Multiorgan failure following intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin administration: a case report]. 141 61

Between May 29 and September 13, 1991, 4 patients developed acute intravascular hemolysis during hemodialysis with Monitral-S delivery systems and Hospal BSM A77 blood lines. All had malaise, nausea and headache; 3 had severe abdominal pain and 2 became very ill. Plasma hemoglobins were 3-21 g/l and LDH 542-3,300 IU in the 4 patients. Hepatoglobin became unmeasurable in 3 and was 0.09 g/l in the 4th patient. Soon afterwards, we found the arterial blood line tightly kinked at the dialyzer inlet port in the 4th patient and released it; he developed abdominal pain, hemolysis was present. We then found these lines had an extra long pump segment, and the rest was short and fitted poorly. When put in the first tubing organizer, severe kinking could occur just after the pump segment, causing back pressure but no alarm. We produced early visible hemolysis in a 1-liter circulating closed loop blood system with the blood line kinked either at the dialyzer inlet or just below the first arterial line tubing organizer with 40 g/l free plasma hemoglobin by 30 min. We excluded reported causes of intravascular hemolysis during hemodialysis. No hemolysis occurred before or during the 9 months after we discarded BSM A77 lines. The evidence indicates that kinked blood lines caused the hemolysis.
 ...
PMID:Hemodialysis intravascular hemolysis and kinked blood lines. 143 36

HELLP-syndrome (H - haemolysis, EL - elevated liver enzymes, LP - low platelet count) is a serious complication of pregnancy. It can be considered as a variant of severe preeclampsia, where haemolysis, hepatic damage (elevated liver enzymes) and thrombocytopenia (low platelets) are all present. Four case reports of HELLP-syndrome are described. HELLP-syndrome may develop within a few hours. It can be seen pre-, intra- and postpartum. Many patients do not exhibit a clinical picture of severe preeclampsia. Patients who develop HELLP-syndrome usually complain of malaise, nausea, epigastric pain and headache. The diagnosis is confirmed when haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and thrombocytopenia are demonstrated. Patients with HELLP-syndrome require intensive care by a team of obstetricians, anaesthesiologists and haematologists.
 ...
PMID:[HELLP syndrome--4 case reports]. 849 85

We conducted a phase II evaluation of edatrexate in 17 previously untreated patients with advanced adenocarcinoma of the pancreas; 14 patients had at least one month of therapy. The initial dose was 80 mg/m2iv. Treatment was administered weekly for 5 weeks, then every other week. Toxicity was generally mild. The median WBC nadir was 5.4 (range 0.6-7.4) x 10(3)/microliters, and the median platelet nadir was 164.0 (range 62.0-341.0) x 10(3)/microliters. One patient died with sepsis and gastrointestinal bleeding associated with pancytopenia. Five patients had a mild rash. Nausea occurred in 6 patients, including 3 who had vomiting. In addition, 11 patients complained of vague malaise which seemed to begin within 24-48 hours after administration of edatrexate, and lasted for 2 to 3 days, resolving within 6 days of drug administration. Median survival was 85 days. Although 5 patients had stable disease, including one with relief of pain, no major responses were seen, excluding, with 95% confidence, a response rate in excess of 20%.
 ...
PMID:Phase II trial of edatrexate in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. 148 6

The Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) studied the response rate and toxicity of piroxantrone (150 mg/m2 q 21 days) in patients with advanced metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Among 32 eligible patients, there were no partial nor complete responses. There were two mixed responses. Significant white cell toxicity, anemia, nausea, and vomiting were observed. Mild or moderate degrees of fever, malaise, and stomatitis occurred. No significant cardiac toxicity was noted. Piroxantrone does not have significant activity as a single agent in advanced renal cell carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Phase II evaluation of piroxantrone in renal cell carcinoma. A Southwest Oncology Group Study. 150 Feb 67

YK-176 is a newly isolated 2'-deoxycoformycin (DCF), a potent inhibitor of adenosine deaminase, produced by Aspergillus nidulans. In a cooperative phase I study, YK-176 was administered to 22 patients, comprising 18 with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL), two with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), one with lymphoblastic lymphoma of T-cell type and one with carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Doses of YK-176 ranged from 3.0 to 9.0 mg/m2 and were given intravenously for three consecutive days. General malaise, anorexia, nausea, vomiting and low grade fever were frequently encountered, but were transient and not dose-related. At all dose levels hematological toxicities were mild. Two of seven patients receiving 7.0 mg/m2 for three consecutive days developed hepatocellular enzyme elevations (grade 2) and one patient, proteinuria (grade 2). One of two patients given 9.0 mg/m2 for three consecutive days manifested a life-threatening (grade 4) disturbance of consciousness and dyspnea, presumably ascribable to the drug-related toxicity of YK-176. The results suggest that 7.0 mg/m2 i.v. for three consecutive days is the maximum acceptable dose of YK-176. Central nervous system, pulmonary and possibly renal toxicities appeared to be dose-limiting. Out of the 20 patients evaluable for therapeutic response, partial remissions were observed in four, three with ATL and one with CTCL, who received less than 7.0 mg/m2 for three consecutive days. We conclude that YK-176 is an active agent against ATL at doses that may not be associated with prohibitive toxicity. A starting dose of 5.0 mg/m2 for three consecutive days is recommended for further phase II studies on ATL.
 ...
PMID:Phase I study of YK-176 (2'-deoxycoformycin) in patients with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma. The DCF Study Group. 151 64

A 39-year-old woman was evaluated for possible liver transplantation due to rapidly developing hepatic failure 4 weeks after initiation of oral minocycline 100 mg twice a day for the treatment of acne. The patient developed a maculopapular rash, malaise, fever, nausea, and vomiting 2 weeks prior to admission to the hospital. On admission, her symptoms rapidly progressed to liver failure characterized by rapidly rising liver enzyme levels, worsening encephalopathy, and coagulopathy. Viral hepatitis serologies and blood cultures were all negative. After intensive supportive care for 2 weeks, the patient's condition gradually improved and she was discharged with mildly elevated liver enzyme levels and pruritus, without need of liver transplantation. Minocycline-induced hepatic injury is an idiosyncratic reaction with a sensitization period that appears to be 3-4 weeks in duration. The characteristic features include rash, fever, lymphadenopathy, and eosinophilia, as well as severe alterations in liver function. The high liver enzyme levels and the significant prolongation of the prothrombin time suggest massive hepatocellular damage. In light of the profound liver damage that occurs with this adverse reaction, care should be taken in administering minocycline to patients who have concomitant liver disease. It is recommended that patients should be instructed as to the possible signs and symptoms of toxicity and be monitored for evidence of idiosyncratic reaction or liver failure.
 ...
PMID:Acute hepatic failure associated with oral minocycline: a case report. 153 50

Elsamitrucin (BMY-28090) is an antitumor antibiotic first described in 1985 that has significant oncolytic activity against a number of murine tumors including P388, L1210, B16 and M5076, as well as against MX1 and HCT116 xenografts. Preclinical toxicology studies of elsamitrucin revealed edema of multiple organs associated with hypoproteinemia and, at lethal doses, severe multiorgan toxicity. We conducted a phase I clinical trial (31 patients) of elsamitrucin administered as a 10-min i.v. infusion every 3 weeks. The starting dose (0.6 mg/m2) was 1/3 of the dog low toxic dose. The maximum tolerated dose was 30 mg/m2. Dose-limiting toxicity was reversible hepatic dysfunction manifested by elevated transaminase levels not associated with bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, or lactate dehydrogenase elevations. Other toxicities included nausea, vomiting, malaise, and phlebitis. Because the hepatic toxicity was brief and reversible, a subsequent study (18 patients) was conducted with elsamitrucin administered every 2 weeks. Reversible grade 3 hepatotoxicity was again observed at 30 mg/m2. Plasma and urine samples from patients receiving doses of 0.6-36 mg/m2 were analyzed for drug content. The maximum plasma concentration and area under the plasma concentration versus time curve values increased linearly with doses up to 25 mg/m2 but not at higher doses. The terminal half-lives, total body clearances, and volume of distribution were 36-60 h, 10-19 liters/h/m2, and 400-1100 liters/m2, respectively. Less than 5% was excreted in the urine in 24 h as parent compound. Bile was collected from one patient with an indwelling biliary catheter. Approximately 22% of the dose was excreted in 48 h, suggesting that biliary excretion of elsamitrucin may be an important route of drug elimination. Based on reversible hepatic toxicity, the phase II recommended dose of elsamitrucin is 25 mg/m2 every 2 weeks.
 ...
PMID:Phase I trial and clinical pharmacology of elsamitrucin. 154 Sep 49

The efficacy and safety of oral sumatriptan as a 100-mg dispersible tablet was compared with oral Cafergot (2 mg ergotamine tartrate, 200 mg caffeine) in a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group trial. In the trial, 580 patients were treated from 47 investigating centres in nine European countries. Sumatriptan was significantly more effective than Cafergot at reducing the intensity of headache from severe or moderate to mild or none; 66% (145/220) of those treated with sumatriptan improved in this way by 2 h, compared with 48% (118/246) of those treated with Cafergot (p less than 0.001). The onset of headache resolution was more rapid with sumatriptan, whereas recurrence of migraine headache within 48 h was lower with Cafergot. Sumatriptan was also significantly more effective at reducing the incidence of nausea (p less than 0.001), vomiting (p less than 0.01) and photophobia/phonophobia (p less than 0.001) 2 h after treatment, and fewer patients on sumatriptan (24%) than on Cafergot (44%, p less than 0.001) required other medication after 2 h. The overall incidence of patients reporting adverse events was 45% after sumatriptan and 39% after Cafergot; the difference was not significant. The most commonly reported events in the sumatriptan-treated patients were malaise or fatigue and bad taste; these were generally mild and transient. Nausea and/or vomiting, abdominal discomfort, and dizziness or vertigo were reported by a greater proportion of Cafergot-treated patients. It is concluded that oral sumatriptan was well tolerated and is a more effective acute treatment for migraine than Cafergot.
 ...
PMID:A randomized, double-blind comparison of sumatriptan and Cafergot in the acute treatment of migraine. The Multinational Oral Sumatriptan and Cafergot Comparative Study Group. 165 39

Safety information was pooled from 4,859 patients, mainly treated in controlled clinical trials with a dispersible tablet of sumatriptan or by a subcutaneous injection, and from 1,164 patients who received placebo by these routes. Safety monitoring involved collection of all adverse events, regardless of their relationship to treatment, and included routine laboratory screening tests and some special investigations. Individuals experienced several groups of symptoms that might be considered to be features of migraine itself or of the post-migraine period or due to treatment. The commonest complaints were an unpleasant taste or pain on injection. After oral sumatriptan (100-300 mg), some events (nausea, malaise) were characteristic of migraine and others (fatigue, sedation, weakness) were characteristic of the recovery period. With subcutaneous sumatriptan (4-8 mg) similar events were observed, but certain distinctive symptoms variously described as heaviness, pressure sensation, tingling, feelings of heat or warmth, were more common and affected various parts of the body. Their early onset and transient nature suggests some pharmacological mechanism, as yet not identified. Despite the mixed picture of symptoms recorded after treatment, they were not serious, they were transient and they were accepted by patients. Close patient monitoring allowed detailed evaluation of any possible cardiovascular side-effects as seen with other anti-migraine agents, particularly ergotamine. The evidence is reassuring but, since experience in patients with symptomatic ischaemic heart disease is limited, it is recommended that they should initially be treated with sumatriptan under medical supervision for their first two or three attacks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:The safety and tolerability of sumatriptan: an overview. 165 42


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>