Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In clinical trials co-ordinated in Italy by Glaxo S.p.A. from May 1984 to February 1988, 553 patients aged over 65 years (376 men and 177 women), suffering from different infectious diseases (mostly LRTI and UTI), were treated with ofloxacin, a new broad-spectrum quinolone. Of the patients studied, 75% presented one or more concurrent diseases and 72.3% were receiving one or more concurrent therapies. Daily dose of the drug varied, in most cases, between 400 and 800 mg in two oral administrations. In all, 21 adverse events were recorded in 19 patients (3.44%): 13 gastrointestinal events (gastric pain, nausea, vomiting), 3 cutaneous events and 5 others. The severity of the events was judged as mild in 56.3% of the cases and moderate in 43.7%. The treatment was stopped because of adverse events in three patients (0.54%). Abnormal laboratory parameters, probably related to the drug, were observed in four patients. In conclusion, ofloxacin appears to be a very safe drug in the treatment of bacterial infections in elderly patients.
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PMID:Safety profile of ofloxacin in elderly patients. 306 74

The clinical efficacy and the safety of ciprofloxacin was studied in 92 patients (aged 26 to 83 years; mean 57.5 years) affected by urinary tract infections (UTI) and respiratory tract infections (RTI) suffering also with various liver diseases. Ciprofloxacin was given orally at different dose regimens: 500 mg b.i.d. (22 cases), 250 mg b.i.d. (20 cases), 500 mg s.i.d. (20 cases) for the treatment of UTIs; 500 mg b.i.d. (ten cases) and 250 mg b.i.d. (20 cases) for the treatment of RTIs. The doses were not correlated to the severity of the infections. Patients were treated for five to 15 days. All the bacteria isolated from sputum or urine before treatment were sensitive to ciprofloxacin (MIC range less than or equal to 0.015 mg/l to 8 mg/l). The clinical and bacteriological responses were favourable in a high percentage of patients both for RTIs and UTIs, irrespective of the dose. Side effects were infrequent (7%) and mild (nausea, gastralgia, oral candidosis), never requiring the interruption of the treatment. No change in the blood chemistry tests was observed at any dose.
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PMID:Efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin in the treatment of UTIs and RTIs in patients affected by liver diseases. 328 17

Propafenone, an anti-arrhythmic medication recently introduced in class lc, was tested in a multicentric open study including 3,687 patients (mean age: 60 years), presenting a supra ventricular (n = 2,146, 59 p. cent), nodal (n = 351, 10 p. cent) or ventricular (n = 1,613, 44 p. cent) arrhythmia, in order to study its efficacy and tolerance. After exclusion of the patients on whom there was a contra-indications to the use of anti-arrhythmic drugs, Propafenone was administered orally, on a long-term basis, at the usual dose of 600-900 mg per 24 hours. The efficacy and tolerance were evaluated according to the usual clinical and paraclinical criteria (EKG, Holter) on the 15th day, then every month during the treatment period. The efficacy of the treatment was evaluated as very good in 54 p. cent of the cases, good in 25 p. cent of the cases, average in 8 p. cent of the patients and non-existent or non significant for 13 p. cent of the patients. Electrocardiographic alterations under Propafenone are already described: CF, PR, QRS. A cardiac undesirable side effect occurred 102 times, most often a sinus bradycardia type (n = 26), atrio-ventricular conduction disorders (n = 22) or intraventricular conduction disorders (n = 26), disorders of cardiac decompensation (n = 10) or arrhythmogenic effect (n = 18). Other side effects are gastro-intestinal in nature (taste alterations, nausea, vomiting, gastralgia) for 23 p. cent of the patients treated, neuro-sensorial in origin (dizziness, visual disorders, tremors) for 13 p. cent of the patients or of another nature for 5 p. cent of patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Efficacy and tolerance of propafenone in the treatment of cardiac rhythm disorders. Evaluation of a multicenter open trial on 3,687 patients]. 329 28

Gastrointestinal (GI) functional indicators and symptoms across the menstrual cycle were examined in three groups of women: dysmenorrheic (n = 15), non-pill-taking nondysmenorrheic (n = 10), and nondysmenorrheic taking birth control pills (BCPs) (n = 9). Group assignment was based on the reported presence or absence of moderate to severe menstrual cramps in a GI Health Diary which subjects kept for two menstrual cycles. Stool consistencies and frequencies and GI symptoms were also recorded in this diary. Menstrual cycle phase significantly, p = .03, influenced stool consistencies for the sample as a whole with the loosest stools at menses. Reports of stomach pain were higher, p less than .001, at menses than at other cycle phases in all groups, and nausea, p less than .001, and decreased food intake, p less than .01, were more frequently reported by dysmenorrheic women at menses. More dysmenorrheic women had a history of menses-related GI symptoms. Both cycle phase and group differences were significant, p less than .05, for menstrual distress, with negative affect, pain, behavior changes, and autonomic reactions reported more frequently at menses by dysmenorrheic women.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal symptoms and bowel patterns across the menstrual cycle in dysmenorrhea. 334 18

The effectiveness, side effects and serum FSH, LH, prolactin, estradiol and progesterone levels were monitored in 79 women taking Anteovin for a total of 506 cycles (mean 6.4 cycles). Anteovin is a biphasic oral contraceptive with 11 tablets containing 0.05 mg levonorgestrel and 0.05 mg ethinyl estradiol, and 10 tablets containing 0.125 mg levonorgestrel and 0.05 mg ethinyl estradiol. There were no pregnancies. 11 women dropped out because of hepatomegaly (1), bleeding disorder (3), gastric pain and nausea (1), breast pain (1), nausea and vomiting (1), and personal reasons (4). 10.3% of those continuing reported minor side effects. Menses occurred every 28 days for 3-5 days, with 2 cases of breakthrough bleeding but no oversuppression. Progesterone ranged from 1.5-2.0 nmol/1, estradiol varied between 68-93 pmol/1, LH stayed constant at 6.3-11 U/1, FSH remained at 5.8-6.8 U-1 without a peak, and prolactin levels were lower than those seen in control cycles. These hormone levels all resemble those observed in anovulatory cycles. This pill is especially suitable for teens and nulliparas.
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PMID:Clinicopharmacological examination of Anteovin. 343 59

32 hospitalized adult patients with infective episodes of bronchiectasis were enrolled in an ongoing double-blind, placebo-controlled study comparing ofloxacin with amoxicillin. They were randomized to receive either 200 mg ofloxacin or 1 g amoxicillin, both t.i.d. orally for ten days. In the ofloxacin group (15 patients), clinical response was excellent (clinical cure) in 11 and fair (clinical improvement or early reinfection) in three patients with one failure. In the amoxicillin group (17 patients), clinical response was excellent in six, fair in five, and poor (treatment failure) in six patients. Ofloxacin levels at 2 h (day 5) were 2.3 to 8.2 mg/l (mean 3.9 mg/l) for serum and 1.3 to 15 mg/l (mean 4.5 mg/l) for sputum. Sputum: serum ratio was 1.2:1. Amoxicillin levels at 2 h were 10 to 40 mg/l (mean 19.9 mg/l) for serum and 0 to 1.5 mg/l (mean 0.3 mg/l) for sputum, with no amoxicillin detected in sputum in 10 of 17 patients. Sputum: serum ratio was 0.02:1. One patient in the ofloxacin group had nausea. In the amoxicillin group, four patients had nausea and stomach pain, one had vertigo and one had transient peripheral eosinophilia. Ofloxacin thus yielded higher sputum concentration and appeared to be more effective and better tolerated than amoxicillin in infective episodes of bronchiectasis.
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PMID:A double-blind randomized study comparing ofloxacin and amoxicillin in treating infective episodes in bronchiectasis. 354 47

Problems related to general anaesthesia of 109 consecutive vitrectomies performed on diabetic patients were retrospectively reviewed. On the morning of surgery a normal or a slightly reduced dose of the patient's regular insulin was administered subcutaneously. The amount of intravenous infusion, mostly 5% glucose, was calculated according to the pre-operative urine volume. After surgery, hypoglycaemic (less than 3 mmol/l) values were seen in less than 11% of the patients, and high glucose in less than 30%; 20% had a mild ketoacidosis post-operatively. Difficulties in tracheal incubation was encountered in 10%. Three patients complained of chest pain after surgery, and in one of them a myocardial infarction was diagnosed. Forty-one per cent of the patients complained of nausea or vomited in the afternoon after surgery, and 21% had difficulties in urination the night after surgery. Two of four patients with peritoneal dialysis complained of stomach pain post-operatively. There was no significant association between recurrent vitreous haemorrhage and blood glucose concentration or arterial blood pressure in the early post-operative period.
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PMID:Concomitant problems to the anaesthesia of diabetic vitrectomy patients. 360 9

Danazol is a synthetic steroid that inhibits the gonadotropin secretion. Its efficacy was tested in 27 patients with metastatic breast cancer at the dose of 200 mg three times daily. Characteristics of patients were as follows. The median age was 57 years (range, 44-85). All patients were postmenopausal, and all had previously received a median of two (range, 1-3) endocrine therapies. Estrogen receptor status was known in 12 (positive in five of 12; negative in seven of 12). Dominant sites of metastases were lung in seven, bone in ten, liver in three, and soft tissue in seven. Six of 27 patients were unevaluable for response (early death, four; lost to follow-up, two). Three of 21 patients showed an objective response, eight of 21 obtained stabilization of disease, and eight progressed. The therapy was well tolerated in the majority: gastric pain was observed in three and nausea in two. Danazol could have a role in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer as an alternative regimen when other treatment has failed.
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PMID:A phase II study with danazol in metastatic breast cancer. 366 91

1046 non-hospitalized children and mothers from various regions of Liberia were studied to determine the relationships between their indigenous perceptions of malaria illness with on-going Plasmodium parasitemia and annual incidence of clinical malaria. Eleven pediatric and 14 maternal signs and symptoms of malaria were described, ranked by cultural severity, and evaluated biomedically. Between cultural perceptions of the severity of illness and biomedical evidence of the severity of disease, significant rank order correlations are observed for children (rho = 0.713, P less than 0.01) and mothers (rho = 0.875, P less than 0.001). Clinical, parasitological and cultural concordance were observed for 'anorexia', 'joint pain', 'abdominal tenderness', 'nausea', 'chills', 'severe headache', 'stomach pain', and 'dizziness'. Five other symptoms however either over or underpredicted observed levels of biomedically confirmed malaria: 'fever', 'convulsions', 'vomiting', 'body weakness' and 'psychological distress'. Biomedical studies revealed a parasite rate among children of 68.6%, a mean annual incidence of pediatric clinical malaria of 3.12; and a mean annual incidence of maternal clinical malaria of 2.42. Clinical malaria demonstrated a very early onset among newborns and a shift in acute parasitemia to a chronic status around 2.3 years of age. A significant positive linear correlation (r = 0.75, P less than 0.01) was observed between parasitological and clinical measures of malaria in children. The indigenous perspectives on malaria and the biomedically predictive powers of various biocultural symptoms are discussed and evaluated as an integrative and valuable means of assessing the impact of malaria in an endemic region.
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PMID:Malaria in Liberian children and mothers: biocultural perceptions of illness vs clinical evidence of disease. 389 49

Results are presented from 186 hospitalized patients treated for acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis with orally administered ciprofloxacin (80 patients), enoxacin (26 patients), ofloxacin (30 patients) or pefloxacin (50 patients). In general, good clinical results were observed in 50-70% of the patients treated, most failures being due to relapses or reinfections with Streptococcus pneumoniae or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Studies on blood and sputum concentration suggested that gastro-intestinal absorption was not always satisfactory. Unwanted drug effects were noted with all agents studied, generally presenting as stomach pain, nausea, hallucinations, or dizziness. Most adverse drug reactions were seen with enoxacin, often but not always during concomitant treatment with theophylline.
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PMID:The quinolones in chronic bronchitis. 396 Jun 93


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