Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors report the case of a 58 year old female patient with rheumatoid arthritis. About 4 hours after each intramuscular injection of Myochrysin (Sodium-auro-thiomalate 5%) she showed undesired reactions such as sialorrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, apathy, weakness, head ache, breast swelling, perspiration, feeling of incident death. The following day these symptoms declined, the joint pain, however, increased. The reaction recurred with each of the 5 Sodium-auro-thiomalate injections, but not after injections of 5% Solganal (Aurothioglucose). It is supposed that these side effects are connected with the quick absorption of the Sodium-auro-thiomalate in aqueous solution. The Aurothioglucose in oil suspension would not cause such reactions after an intramuscular injection because of its slower absorption.
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PMID:[Reactions against sodium-auro-thiomalate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis]. 11 3

Hypercalcaemia would seem to be rare during immobilisation, whilst osteoporosis and hypercalciuria are constant. In fact, it often goes unnoticed. The case presented here confirms its predominance in the adolescent male. The reason for immobilisation seems to be irrelevant. The clinical symptoms are very variable: polydipsia, nausea, headache, apathy, anorexia. Blood calcium levels are raised, up to 14 mg%. This hypercalcaemia is due to very marked bone loss in adolescents, secondary to hyper-resorption and a temporary stoppage in osseous formation. The differential diagnosis from primary hyperparathyroidism is sometimes difficult but is aided by laboratory and histological findings. The essential is to consider the possibility of immobilisation hypercalcaemia in the presence of any suggestive symptoms in an immobilised adolescent. Treatment includes a return to weight bearing, adequate water intake and the administration of phosphorus, calcitonin, furosemide, and corticosteroids.
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PMID:[Immobilisation hypercalcaemia (author's transl)]. 59 68

A 20 year old male naval crew-member suffering from sea sickness was treated with transdermal scopolamine (TS). After 5 months of continuous treatment, he developed scopolamine intoxication followed by the appearance of recurrent classic migraine attacks. He had never suffered from headache or migraine prior to TS intoxication. The migraine attacks comprised a prodrome of apathy, bad mood and loss of appetite lasting several hours. An aura of scintillating spots, left arm numbness and paresthesias lasting several minutes was followed by a severe throbbing unilateral headache with photophobia, sonophobia and nausea. After one year of repeated follow-up examination, he continued to suffer from the attacks once every 10 to 14 days, with no identified precipitating factors. We are not aware of similar cases in the medical literature. Although it is not possible to establish TS intoxication as a causal effect of the appearance of classic migraine in our patient, the temporal association and clinical course are very supportive of this assumption. Central nervous system neurotransmitter imbalance of cardiovascular alterations may possibly be implicated.
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PMID:Recurrent classic migraine attacks following transdermal scopolamine intoxication. 207 97

The data of 16 children who died while receiving valproate (VPA) therapy in West Germany were analyzed. Five were normally developed, 5 were receiving VPA-monotherapy, and only 2 patients were aged less than 3 years. The first clinical symptoms of impending hepatotoxicity usually included nausea, vomiting, and apathy; pathologic laboratory tests reflected liver failure. Liver histology revealed microvesicular steatosis, cell necrosis, and bile duct proliferation of varying degree. An abnormal metabolite, 4-ene-VPA, was detected in all examined patients (six of six) and persisted after drug withdrawal. The pathogenesis of fatal liver failure during VPA treatment remains unknown. World-wide, approximately 100 fatalities have been reported in relation to VPA treatment. More than 90% were aged less than 20 years, 95% developed their first symptoms within the first 6 months of treatment, and 16 were treated with VPA alone. Since it is difficult precisely to define a group at risk for fatalities with VPA, careful clinical and laboratory monitoring with a special focus on vomiting and apathy, liver enzymes, and coagulation tests seem mandatory during the first 6 months after introduction of VPA. Taking into account the considerable number of fatalities during VPA treatment, the indication for its use requires careful reevaluation.
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PMID:Fatal liver failure in 16 children with valproate therapy. 313 17

The prevalence of depressive and other symptoms were studied in Finnish men aged 65 to 84 years and living either in eastern (n = 310) or in southwestern (n = 378) Finland. The Zung self-rating depression scale showed depressed affect, fatigue and suicidal thoughts to be more common in the east, but indecisiveness to be more prevalent in the south-west. The mean of the sum scores in the Zung scale was 37.8 (+/- 8.4) for the eastern and 37.2 (+/- 8.3) for the south-western population, and no differences were found between the areas in this respect. However, many of the other symptoms, including somatic and psychosomatic (such as pains, dyspnea, nausea, impaired memory, apathy, itching skin and sight disturbances) were more common among men living in eastern Finland. The former findings support the idea that there are differences in the affects between men living in the east and men living in the south-west, but, as a whole, depressive symptoms are equally prevalent in both elderly male populations. The latter finding may reflect the well-known differences in the prevalences of somatic diseases between these two areas.
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PMID:Prevalence of depressive and other symptoms in elderly Finnish men. 396 9

Since our last report on valproate (VPA)-related hepatotoxicity in 1988, 8 other children have died of VPA-associated liver failure in Germany and Switzerland. We compared the clinical course of these children with that of 6 children with a reversible outcome of severe hepatotoxicity related to VPA. Thirty-five percent of patients with fatal liver failure were normally developed, 23.5% were receiving VPA monotherapy, and 35.3% were aged < or = 2 years. The initial clinical symptoms of VPA-related hepatotoxicity were nausea, vomiting, apathy or coma, and increasing seizures in more than 50% of patients, in combination with febrile infections at onset of symptoms. As compared with the series of German patients reported in 1988, one third of the fatalities occurred after the first 6 months of therapy as compared with 6% in the 1988 series. Clinical symptoms and laboratory findings were the same in patients with reversible and with fatal outcome. Early or immediate withdrawal of VPA after the first signs of VPA-associated hepatotoxicity may be responsible for the increased number of children who recovered after VPA-related severe liver failure. The pathogenesis of liver failure during VPA treatment remains unknown; metabolic defects and cofactors such as polypharmacy or infections have become increasingly likely to contribute by depleting intracellular CoA. Worldwide, 132 patients have died of VPA-associated liver failure and/or pancreatitis. Because a group at risk for fatalities with VPA cannot be defined precisely, patients treated with VPA and their families must be made well aware of the clinical symptoms of hepatotoxicity such as apathy, vomiting, or increased seizure frequency, especially in the presence of febrile infections. Laboratory tests and clinical controls during the first 6 months of therapy should not be neglected.
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PMID:Severe hepatotoxicity during valproate therapy: an update and report of eight new fatalities. 792 43

Case report of a 25-year-old primigravida who sustained a necrosis of the anterior pituitary gland after a haemorrhagic Caesarean section. The diagnosis was delayed, as the early symptoms (apathy, anorexia, nausea, orthostatic hypotension and hypoglycaemia) were imputed to more usual causes.
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PMID:[Sheehan's syndrome: a recurrent obstetrical complication]. 1036 4

The abnormal neuronal excitability hypothesized in myotonic dystrophy (MD) might contribute to psychomotor and behavioral disturbances of MD patients. To gain new insights into the pathophysiology of MD, we determined whether the antiarrhythmic drug hydroquinidine would ameliorate slow saccadic eye movements (SEMs), apathy and hypersomnia in MD patients. SEMs were selected as simple modality for psychomotor investigation. The study was conducted in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover manner. Ten ambulatory patients without contraindications to hydroquinidine administration were enrolled. Hydroquinidine (450 mg/day) or placebo was given orally for 6 weeks with a washout period of 6 weeks between treatments. SEMs were recorded by electrooculography and analyzed by a computer system. Two patients withdrew in the first week of active treatment because of nausea and epigastralgia. Hydroquinidine significantly increased the normalized peak saccadic velocity and shortened the saccadic reaction time compared to placebo. The drug's effects on apathy and hypersomnia are presented in a companion paper.
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PMID:Does abnormal neuronal excitability exist in myotonic dystrophy? I. Effects of the antiarrhythmic drug hydroquinidine on slow saccadic eye movements. 1093 84

An abnormal neuronal excitability in myotonic dystrophy (MD) might contribute to psychomotor and behavioral disturbances of MD patients. To gain new insights into the pathophysiology of MD, we determined whether the antiarrhythmic drug hydroquinidine could ameliorate apathy and hypersomnia besides slow saccadic eye movements in these patients. The study was conducted in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover manner. Ten ambulatory patients without contraindications to hydroquinidine administration were enrolled. Hydroquinidine (450 mg/day) or placebo was given orally for 6 weeks with a washout period of 6 weeks between treatments. Apathy was evaluated by means of the apathy evaluation scale (AES) and hypersomnia by a sleep diary. Two patients withdrew in the first week of active treatment because of nausea and epigastralgia. The drug significantly reduced AES scores and daily sleep time compared to placebo. Thus, hydroquinidine can ameliorate apathy and hypersomnia in MD. However, the possibility of proarrhythmia and the high frequency of cardiac disturbances in MD seriously limit the therapeutic perspective. The effects on eye movements are presented in a companion paper.
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PMID:Does abnormal neuronal excitability exist in myotonic dystrophy? II. Effects of the antiarrhythmic drug hydroquinidine on apathy and hypersomnia. 1093 85

Spontaneous intracranial hematoma is not rare, but with bad prognosis, complication in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD). Diagnostic difficulties result from a fact that symptoms of acute hematoma such as headaches,, nausea, vomitis, apathy, sleepiness, parestesia and seizures may also suggest dysequilibrium syndrome, dialytic dementia as well as hypertensive encephalopathy. We describe a case of female patient with 20-year interview data of hypertension on HD since 1981 because of end-stage renal failure in a course of chronic glomerulonephritis, who developed spontaneous epi- and subdural hematoma four year ago in 47 age of life. Performed CT examination confirmed diagnosis and on the same day the patient underwent right frontoparietotemporal craniotomy and the hematoma was removed. During postoperative period, HD sessions were performed without heparin. After surgery the patient developed transcient hypertonia, epileptic sizures and left-sided paresis. Currently, 48 months after craniotomy the patient is fully rehabilitated, with normal blood pressure, without epileptic sizures or palsy. Gradually we discontinued anticonvulsans and antihypertensives.
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PMID:[Long-term good results of surgical treatment for spontaneous epi- and subdural hematoma in a female patient on maintenance hemodialysis]. 1139 5


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