Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

"T's and B's" is the street name for the combination of pentazocine and tripelennamine. This combination of drugs has emerged as a major intravenous substitute for heroin in recent years, especially in the Midwest. 104 cases involving 82 patients over a 9-month period were seen at St. Elizabeth Medical Center in Dayton, Ohio. Abscesses and cellulitis were seen in 39% of cases. A characteristic drug reaction involved 38% of cases, and consisted of chest pain, agitation, anxiety, muscle spasms, dizziness, diaphoresis, and nausea as well as other symptoms. Seizures, syncope, and near-syncope were seen in 15% of cases, and a previously described pulmonary reaction involved 38% of cases, and consisted of chest pain syndrome was seen in 4% of the cases.
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PMID:"T's and B's"-Midwestern heroin substitute. 731 93

IUDs were 1st used in Poland in 1909 when Richter introduced a silkworm gut device. Grafenberg's ring, made 1st of silkworm gut and later of gold or silver, was used in Berlin in the 1920s, but dangerous infections were associated with these IUDs. In the early 1960s new biologically inert materials (stainless steel and plastic) were used for the Lippes Loop, the Saf-T-Coil, and the Spiral (associated with a higher expulsion rate). The stainless tell Majzlin Spring was recalled by the FDA because of embedding in the uterine wall. The Dalkon Shield, introduced in the early 1970s, was implicated in midtrimester septic abortions and deaths, and was later withdrawn. Progestasert containing progesterone was 1st used in the mid-1970s, however, side effects included dysmenorrhea, vaso-vagal reaction, and higher ectopic pregnancy rates. Stimulation of the vagus nerve occurring during tenaculum placement can induce symptoms known as the vaso-vagal reaction: bradycardia, hypotension, nausea, pallor, syncope, and cardiac arrest. Moderate symptoms may be relieved by atropine sulfate (.6 mg iv). Baseline pulse and blood pressure must be routinely read before IUD fitting. Sounding the uterus during menstruation and a follow-up visit within 3 months with x-ray if necessary is recommended to rule out perforation. Reported expulsion rates vary from 1 to 24%, mostly among nulliparas. Copper-bearing devices usually require laparotomy for removal. Pregnancy occurs in 1-5% of IUD users. Removal may trigger spontaneous abortion, but the in situ IUD poses more danger. The theoretical efficacy of IUDs is 97-99% (of 100 women correctly using IUDs for 1 year, 1-3 become pregnant). Their disadvantages include increased dysmenorrhea, menstrual cramps, and bleeding. An estimated 5-10% of pregnancies occurring with an IUD in situ are ectopic. Women who use IUDs are several times more likely to develop pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) than nonusers. Recent research substantiates a 4.4 to 9-fold increase in PID risk in IUD users. About 80% of women continue to use their IUDs after 1 year.
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PMID:Intrauterine devices. 741 10

Although dangling is a common nursing intervention, little research has been conducted to test its effectiveness or to compare various dangling methods. By contrast, abundant information is available about orthostatic responses. In this article the authors explain the physiologic principles underlying orthostatic responses, focusing on blood volume distribution and the role of the mechanoreceptors, discuss typical and atypical responses to dangling and standing, describe clinical manifestations of orthostatic hypotension and syncope, present research-based practice guidelines, and, provide specific recommendations for future research. Because of the wide variability in heart rate and blood pressure responses to orthostasis, the authors stress the importance of signs and symptoms such as nausea, pallor, dizziness, visual dimming, and impaired consciousness in assessing orthostatic tolerance. Studying rituals such as dangling can advance nursing practice, improve patient outcomes, and move nursing to a research-based practice.
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PMID:Dangling: a review of relevant physiology, research, and practice. 759 93

A 32-year-old mother presented at King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women in Subiaco, Western Australia, with a 30-day history of strong, perpetual epigastric pain with nausea and a 14-day history of light vaginal bleeding. Even though she had a positive pregnancy test (human chorionic gonadotropin [hCG] level = 18,000 IU/l), ultrasound found no intrauterine pregnancy and suggested a left adnexal mass. She had a normal sized uterus, closed cervical os, and no cervical excitation. Laparoscopy revealed normal Fallopian tubes, a corpus luteal cyst on the left ovary, about 20 ml of old blood in the pouch of Douglas, and no apparent ectopic pregnancy. She was discharged 2 days after the nausea had subsided. She returned the day after discharge with right iliac fossa pain and syncope. Her hemoglobin value was down to 10.5 g/l from 11.8 g/l. Ultrasound revealed a small mass (2.2 x 2.3 cm) in the caudate lobe of the liver near the neck of the gallbladder. A laparotomy was performed. The surgeon explored and divided the fibrinous adhesions posterior to the neck of the gallbladder. An unruptured ectopic pregnancy (1.5 cm in diameter with an embryo within the sac) was implanted on the inferior surface of the liver and the structures of the porta hepatis. Since surgical removal of the ectopic pregnancy would be dangerous, the surgeon infiltrated the ectopic bed with POR-8 diluted with normal saline and injected 20 mg of methotrexate directly into the sac. The woman was discharged 10 days postoperatively. By day 26 postoperatively, hCG levels had fallen to 20. Hepatic ectopic pregnancy is very rare and is difficult to diagnose. This case was managed differently from hepatic ectopic pregnancy cases in the literature, which necessitated omental grafts, oversewing of the liver, and ligature of the right hepatic artery. Direct injection of methotrexate has the advantage of a reduced dosage and reduced risk of toxicity.
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PMID:A hepatic ectopic pregnancy treated with direct methotrexate injection. 767 99

A 37-year-old woman with complaints of headache and nausea presented with temporary disturbance of consciousness, bulbar palsy and ataxic speech following flu-like symptoms. After the recovery of her consciousness, she developed orthostatic syncope and numbness all over the body. When she was admitted to our hospital two months later, she showed emaciation, diminished sweat production and butterfly-patch-like pigmentation. Neurologic examinations were remarkable for anisocoric pupils that sluggishly reacted to light, impaired left facial movements, bulbar palsy, numbness of the whole body, total loss of all tendon reflexes, incordination, ataxic gait and severe postural hypotension. Laboratory data included albuminocytogenic dissociation in cerebrospinal fluid, convergence nystagmus and dysmetria in electronystagmography, and right trigeminal paralysis in blink reflex. A sural nerve biopsy showed active axonal degeneration and severe loss of both myelinated and unmyelinated fibers. Examinations of autonomic nervous system disclosed diffuse impairment of sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic nerve. Based on these findings she was diagnosed as having acute pandysautonomia. High titer of serum EB virus antibody suggested that acute pandysautonomia and diffuse brainstem impairment may be related to EB virus infection.
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PMID:[A case of acute pandysautonomia and diffuse brain stem impairment associated with EB virus infection]. 772 95

Head-up tilt test was done in a 27-year-old man with recurrent syncope of unexplained cause. Severe sinus bradycardia and hypotension accompanied by light-headedness, cold sweating, and nausea occurred at 80 degrees head-up position during 4 micrograms/min isoproterenol infusion. Oral propranolol, 160 mg/d, in four divided doses, effectively prevented the above-mentioned abnormal vasovagal reflexes; diltiazem was only partially effective while disopyramide, aminophylline, or atropine was ineffective in preventing the abnormal vasovagal reflexes induced by head-up tilt with isoproterenol infusion. However, the patient experienced ten episodes of syncope in 2 weeks after he was discharged from the hospital on a regimen of atenolol, 50 mg/d. His symptoms ameliorated immediately after discontinuation of atenolol therapy and he became free of severe symptoms while receiving fludrocortisone. Thus, we have documented a patient with worsening of vasovagal syncope after beta-blocker therapy.
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PMID:Worsening of vasovagal syncope after beta-blocker therapy. 791 80

Blood-injury phobia is a unique and peculiar phobia. It is different from other phobias in that it evokes a diphasic cardiovascular response; it has a propensity to induce fainting and nausea more than fear and anxiety; and often there is a family history of a similar phobia. Although it may cause no great difficulty or social handicap in everyday life compared to social phobia, agoraphobia or other simple phobias, it can have grave implications and may even become life-threatening when it prevents essential medical procedures. Unfortunately, not many of its sufferers come for treatment until circumstances require urgent attention. Yet, it can be effectively treated behaviourally by modeling and exposure therapy. Two cases of this fascinating condition are described.
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PMID:Blood-injury phobia. 793 19

Regional cerebral blood flow was measured with the 133-Xenon inhalation method in seven healthy subjects with orthostatic hypotension not due to autonomic failure (i.e. non-neurogenic clinical disorder). Measurements were performed during supine rest and during head-up tilt (70 degrees). All subjects had a consistent drop in systolic blood pressure and the typical symptomatology of orthostatic hypotension. The results showed lower mean hemispheric blood flow during head-up tilt than during supine rest. In addition, a consistent and significant redistribution of the regional flow values was seen, with a reduction in frontal and an increase in postcentral areas. The frontal flow decrease during tilt was more marked than in subjects without orthostatic hypotension and was not related to variations in the level of PCO2 or to respiration. In contrast to the clinical symptoms of orthostatic hypotension (dizziness, nausea, visual disturbances, and in some cases syncope), the cortical blood flow reduction was, however, relatively moderate.
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PMID:Cortical blood flow during head-up postural change in subjects with orthostatic hypotension. 812 63

Dipyridamole-induced coronary hyperemia with 201Tl myocardial perfusion scintigraphy can detect ischemic regions in individuals unable to perform adequate exercise, but it has several limitations. Symptom-limited exercise supplementation to intravenous dipyridamole can potentially overcome them, but the safety and diagnostic accuracy for this combination has not been established. Between 1987 and 1991, 441 consecutive patients were assessed for combined symptom-limited exercise test preceded by i.v. dipyridamole. Clinical records could not be obtained for 37 patients, and 40 patients were not exercised because they were unable; therefore 384 patients (mean age 58 +/- 9.8 yr, 278 men) underwent symptom-limited exercise preceded by 0.56 mg/kg of dipyridamole and followed by planar 201Tl perfusion scintigraphy. Following dipyridamole infusion, systolic blood pressure fell by 10 +/- 14 mmHg and heart rate increased by 8 +/- 11 bpm. Adverse effects were experienced by 77 people (dizziness in 44; headache in 11; nausea in 9; syncope in 2 and chest pain in 11). Exercise heart rate was 69% +/- 16% of predicted maximum and ST shift was -0.9 +/- 0.9 mm. Following exercise, seven patients required aminophylline (four after dizziness, two after headache, one after chest pain), which was uniformly successful. There were no episodes of prolonged chest pain, MI, death or serious arrhythmia. Safety was maintained for people with severe triple coronary artery disease, the elderly (> 70 yr) and those with significant pulmonary disease. Sensitivity was 95% for at least one with > 70% luminal stenosis and 94% for at least one with > 40% luminal stenosis. Specificity was 28% and 53% respectively. The addition of a symptom-limited exercise test to i.v. dipyridamole is safe for all groups of patients referred for 201Tl study.
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PMID:Safety and clinical utility of combined intravenous dipyridamole/symptom-limited exercise stress test with thallium-201 imaging in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. 825 87

A 32-year-old man developed a rash on his body and extremities following acute fever of a few days duration, and also noticed pain and spontaneous tingling sensations in his lower extremities. Because severe pneumonia with dyspnea and low arterial blood oxygen concentration were found on examination, he was admitted and treated. After recovering from pneumonia in two months, he complained of abdominal symptoms, such as constipation, nausea and vomiting, spontaneous tingling sensations in the lower extremities, and orthostatic dizziness and fainting. On neurological examination, a mild to moderate muscle weakness was found in the distal muscles of both extremities. The ankle jerk was absent. Both superficial and deep sensations were moderately to severely decreased in the feet with positive Romberg's sign. Constipation and vomiting with nausea were noted. Clinical and laboratory examinations revealed marked orthostatic hypotension and hypohidrosis. Motor and sensory conduction studies indicated the presence of axonal degeneration and segmental demyelination and remyelination in the limbs nerves. CSF examination indicated that protein was 150 mg/dl and the cell count to be 18/mm3. Titer of antibody to rubella virus was significantly elevated. There were no other abnormalities to indicate the cause of motor, sensory and autonomic neuropathies. Therefore, the diagnosis of acute polyradiculoneuropathy with autonomic disturbances after rubella infection, which is rare in the literature, was made.
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PMID:[A case of acute polyradiculoneuropathy with autonomic disturbances following rubella infection]. 826 90


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