Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Brompton mixture is widely used as an effective method for controlling pain in cancer patients. In a double-blind crossover trial a standard Brompton mixture containing morphine, cocaine, ethyl alcohol, syrup BP and chloroform water was compared with morphine alone in a flavoured aqueous solution; both were administered orally. Pain was measured by means of the pain intensity index of the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Ratings of confusion, nausea and drowsiness were obtained from both the patients and their nurses and relatives. The data showed that there was no significant difference between the Brompton mixture and morphine administered orally for any of the variables. Both relieved pain effectively in about 85% of the patients.
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PMID:The Brompton mixture versus morphine solution given orally: effects on pain. 37 79

4 preparations for treating menstrual disorders were tested in a double-blind study of 171 women. Trisekvens and Gynovin were tested in 59 premenstrual women, age 34-54, who still had menstrual periods, some with irregularities. Estrofem and Geklimon were administered in a group of 112 women, age 32-69, who were definitely in the post-menopausal stage. Heat flashes and sweating improved in 88%-97% of the patients and disappeared completely in 63%-80%. Unspecific symptoms improved in 56%-69% of the patients. Menstrual cycle regularity was improved in 89% of the patients in the premenopausal group; 1 patient reported a worsening of the condition. Irregular bleeding occurred in 7.1% of the postmenopausal patients. There were no significant changes in body weight or blood pressure during the study. In 9.4% of the patients side effects such as breast tension, menstrual pain, or nausea were reported. In 15.8% of the patients newly discovered unspecific symptoms such as irregular bleeding, nervousness, or sleeplessness were reported. There were no significant differences determined between Trisekvens and Gynovin or Estrofem and Geklimon.
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PMID:[Estradiol and estriol in the treatment of climacteric symptoms. A controlled trial]. 37 43

In a random double-blind trial, meptazinol 100 mg, a new hexahydro-azepine derivative, was found to be comparable to Omnopon (papaveretum) 20 mg when given intramuscularly for the control of pain in 50 cases after hysterectomy. The onset of analgesia was rapid and the effect lasted for about 3 hours. Cardiovascular and respiratory systems remained stable. No significant difference as regards sedation and nausea was noticed between the two groups.
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PMID:A comparison between meptazinol and omnopon in the relief of postoperative pain. 38 93

Buprenorphine, a new powerful analgesic agent, was used to treat chest pain in patients with suspected myocardial infarction. Initial studies showed no significant changes in systemic or pulmonary artery blood pressure or in heart rate after intravenous buprenorphine. Sublingual buprenorphine also appeared effective in relieving pain, but its onset of action was considerably delayed compared with the intravenous route. A randomised double-blind controlled trial of equivalent doses of buprenorphine and diamorphine showed no significant difference between the drugs in terms of pain relief and duration of action. The occurrence of nausea, vomiting, and other side effects was similar in the two groups. The onset of action of buprenorphine was slightly but significantly slower than that of diamorphine. Since buprenorphine seems to be comparable with diamorphine in action and is not a controlled drug, it may prove useful in both general and hospital practice.
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PMID:Randomised trial comparing buprenorphine and diamorphine for chest pain in suspected myocardial infarction. 38 95

Forty patients with pain syndromes of both organic and psychogenic origin of at least 6 months' duration were included in a double-blind controlled study of a new rather selective serotonin uptake inhibitor, Zimelidine, versus placebo. Patients in the Zimelidine group experienced significantly more pain relief and tended to be able to reduce their need for analgesics more often than the patients in the placebo group. In the Zimelidine group 4 patients were excluded due to nausea and intestinal troubles versus only 1 patient in the placebo group. However, among the patients who completed the trial the side-effects were mild.
Pain 1979 Aug
PMID:A double-blind controlled study of seratonin uptake inhibitor (Zimelidine) versus placebo in chronic pain patients. 38 95

The analgesic dose-effect relationship of nefopam was compared in a double-blind randomised trial with that of oxycodone in immediate postoperative pain. Nefopam 15 mg or oxycodone 4 mg was given every 10 min i.v. (maximum six times) to patients in pain after upper abdominal surgery until their wound pain (scored 0-3) disappeared. The mean pain intensity (PI), initially 2.2 in both groups, descreased by approximately the same extent for up to two doses in both groups (to 1.5 after nefopam 30 mg and to 1.1 after oxycodone 8 mg). Thereafter PI was significantly less in the oxycodone group and diminished almost linearily to 0.1 after the sixth dose (24 mg). In the nefopam group, the PI score fell to 1.1 after the fourth dose (60 mg). This seemed to be the "ceiling" effect since additional doses up to 90 mg did not result in greater pain relief. In the oxycodone group, only two patients (12%) needed maximal dosage (6 x 4 mg), one of them requiring 32 mg of oxycodone. In the nefopam group, 12 patients (75%) needed further pain relief after the maximal dosage (6 x 15 mg). In these patients, oxycodone (maximally 16 mg) gave satisfactory analgesia. Drowsiness and a decrease in the respiratory rate were the principal side-effects of oxycodone, whereas tachycardia, restlessness, sweating and nausea were more frequent after nefopam.
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PMID:Comparison of the analgesic dose-effect relationships of nefopam and oxycodone in postoperative pain. 39 11

Abnormalities of oesophago-gastro-intestinal motoricity play an important etiologic role in various affections of stomach, intestine, oesophagus and associated complaints. The new monosubstance bromopride produces a selective action restoring the basal motility of stomach, pylorus, duodenum and of the lower oesophageal sphincter to normal. The effect and tolerance of Viaben (bromopride) were examined in an open field study on 4182 subjects. The drug was given in average doses of one capsule three times a day. The results were assessed as very good in 37.9% of cases, and as good in 47.9%. No change was seen in 12.2%, while only 2.0% were aggravated. 64.7% of all patients benefited within the first fortnight. Nausea, vomiting and intolerance to drugs even disappeared in the first days of treatment. Individuals exhibiting a nervous, irritative stomach also had a rapid response to the drug. Pain, which is a fairly common complaint, passed off quickly. Side effects were seen in 6.8% of cases. However, the question whether they were due to the treatment, is not easily answered in an open study. The most common side effect was tiredness (3.7%), which was reported to be mild in some cases. The dyskinesia observed in subjects treated with other ortho-substituted benzamides was only seen in 0.4% of all patients.
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PMID:[Management of gastrointestinal diseases using a motility-regulating preparation. Results of a field study using bromopride (Viaben) conducted by 530 general practitioners on 4182 patients]. 42 53

Seven patients, aged 12 to 19 years, had atypical measles. Prodromal symptoms of fever, malaise, myalgia, headache, nausea, and vomiting were commonly followed by coryza, sore throat, conjunctivitis, photophobia, nonproductive cough, and pleuritic pain. The characteristic rash was erythematous, maculopapular, and progressed frequently to vesicular, petechial, or purpuric lesions. It initially involved palms and soles with subsequent spread to proximal extremities and the trunk, sparing the face. Six of six chest roentgenograms showed infiltrates. Findings not previously described in atypical measles included liver enzyme elevations, thrombocytopenia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, possible transmission among three siblings, and suspected cardiac involvement. Measles complement fixation titers compatible with recent infection were seen in all patients. All patients had previously received killed measles vaccine. A substantial number of persons who are older adolescents or young adults may be at risk of developing atypical measles.
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PMID:Atypical measles in adolescents and young adults. 44 83

The analgesic efficacy of 60 and 120 mg nefopam hydrochloride was compared to 650 mg aspirin and placebo in a double-blind single-dose study. Oral doses were administered to 120 patients suffering from acute postsurgical or fracture pain. All active medications demonstrated analgesic activity in comparison to placebo. Patients on 120 mg nefopam obtained the greatest degree of analgesia. Side effects were minor and did not interfere with the course of therapy. The incidence of side effects (sweating, nausea, and lightheadedness) was greater on 120 mg nefopam than on 650 mg aspirin).
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PMID:The clinical analgesic efficacy of oral nefopam hydrochloride. 47 85

Medicaments are used to prepare for instrument abortions in the 1st trimester and as inducers of abortion in the 2nd trimester. The effects, side effects, and dangers depend on the substances used and the route of application, which can be vaginal, cervical, injection, instillation, extraamniotic, intraamniotic, intravenous, or intramuscular. In the past, intraamniotic instillation of a 20% salt solution was the most common 2nd trimester method in Japan, the US, and Eastern Europe, giving a success rate of 90%. Serious side effects prompted substitution of extraamniotic instillation, which rarely produces serious side effects. Instillation of a 60% urea solution into the amniotic fluid in combination with oxytocin or prostaglandin produces an abortion in 13-21 hours, with a failure rate of 3% and a frequency of cervical laceration of under 1%. Extraamniotic use of a .1% solution of rivanol yields a success rate of about 85%, with a relatively long average time to explusion of 24-41 hours. In case of failure the procedure can be repeated. The advantage of the Rivanol method is the rarity of infectious complications. Alcohol is not used as a human abortifacient because it produces necrosis in the decidua and placenta. Prostaglandins are used in most 2nd trimester abortions. Research is underway to identify derivatives that will have an extended uterine impact without serious side effects. Different routes of administration have different effectiveness rates and dangers. All prostaglandins cause side effects including pain during uterine contractions, gastro-intestinal reactions, nausea, vomiting, fever, and headaches. Specific preparations are associated with other effects, some of them life-threatening. Emergency treatment should be available when these substances are used. Adjuvant measures may be employed before adminstration of an abortifacient agent to soften the cervix, or after administration to hasten the procedure. The choice of procedure depends upon the personality, health, and other characteristics of the woman and the experience of the doctor and the clinic.
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PMID:[Chemical methods of abortion]. 48 68


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