Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a prospective five-year follow-up study of 289 consecutive patients subjected to antrectomy and gastroduodenostomy with or without vagotomy, 130 patients underwent gastroscopy. Gastric mycosis was present almost exclusively in patients subjected to combined antrectomy and vagotomy (36%). Gastric acidity seemed to be of only minor or no importance in the development of the mycosis. The residual volume in the gastric remnant was significantly higher in patients with gastric mycosis. The impaired emptying of the gastric remnant is most likely a vagotomy effect and may be the main reason for the development of gastric mycosis. A simple but effective method was developed to evacuate gastric yeast cell aggregates. Gastric mycosis seems to give rise to only slight symptoms, mainly nausea and foul-smelling belching, whereas the reflux of duodenal contents that often occurred in combination with gastric mycosis was more likely to cause gastritis and substantial discomfort.
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PMID:Gastric mycosis following gastric resection and vagotomy. 709 48

The question was examined as to whether or not lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) rises in response to increases in intragastric pressure. Pressure profiles of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) were recorded with low compliance rapid pull-through manometry, in 9 healthy volunteers without hiatal hernia. Fundic pressure was increased by inflating the stomach with air. Air insufflation was stopped when gastric distension became painful (at 8.4 mm Hg +/- 0.7 SEM). No subject had nausea. Mean resting LESP was 24.6 mm Hg +/- 2.2 SEM. There was a negative linear relationship between fundic pressure and LESP: LESP decreased by 1.10 +/- 0.15 SEM per 1 mm Hg fundic pressure rise. On the average, the sum of fundic pressure and LESP remained constant. Thus, there is not only a lack of reflex contraction of LES in response to fundic pressure rise, but actually a weakening of the LES by fundic distension. This mechanism might facilitate belching following swallowing of air.
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PMID:Fundic pressure rise lowers lower esophageal sphincter pressure in man. 712 39

A survey of gastrointestinal symptoms was performed on 109 male lead workers in a battery manufacturing factory six months after the start of its operation. Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms was analysed in relation to levels of lead absorption and other relevant factors including occupational history, work shift, smoking habits, alcohol intake, frequency of meals a day, housing and sleeping hours. Subjects who had experienced gastrointestinal diseases shortly before employment were excluded. Age, blood lead and urinary delta-ALA concentration of this population were 34.3 +/- 10.3 years, 30.9 +/- 13.6 micrograms/100 ml and 2.74 +/- 1.64 mg/l (Mean +/- S.D.), respectively. Mean blood lead and urinary delta-ALA concentrations of the subjects who complained loss of appetite were significantly higher than those who did not. However, there were no significant differences in the blood lead concentration between subjects who responded yes or no to other gastrointestinal symptoms. Of the 109 male workers, 49 (45.0%) complained at least one of the five gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, abdominal discomfort, belching, heart burn and hunger pain) which are suspected to be associated with peptic ulcer. When the subjects complaining such symptoms were compared with the rest of the workers, there were no significant differences in blood lead, urinary delta-ALA, urinary coproporphyrin, smoking habits, alcohol intake, frequency of meals a day and housing. Means of age and sleeping hours on day-work were lower and proportions of the workers who were on shift duty at the time of the survey and who had not previously experienced shift work were higher in the subjects who complained such symptoms than in those who did not. It was suggested by these results that considerably high prevalences of the most of the symptoms in lead-exposed workers had been induced by the shift work or the change of jobs, although it was also suggested that the loss of appetite might have been related to lead exposure.
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PMID:[Gastrointestinal symptoms in lead workers]. 714 95

During laparoscopic cholecystectomy, gallbladder perforation with leakage of bile and/or gallstones into the abdominal cavity occurs frequently. When this occurs, our practice has been to lavage the operative field and retrieve as many gallstones as possible. We were concerned, however, that complications secondary to infection or adhesions might develop. To address this issue, our first 250 consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were surveyed by postal questionnaire. In the 35-48 months (mean, 41 months) since operation, six patients (2.6%) died of nonbiliary causes. Of the 225 patients (90%) who completed the questionnaire, 73 (33%) suffered intraoperative gallbladder perforation. There were no late wound or intraabdominal infectious complications and no patient has required reoperation for intraabdominal sepsis or bowel obstruction. In the entire group, gastrointestinal symptoms were prevalent and included flatulence (40%), loose stools or fecal urgency (35%), belching (23%), and nausea (4%). The prevalence of these complaints was similar in patients with and without gallbladder perforation. Intraoperative gallbladder perforation during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, therefore, does not cause adverse long-term complications when accompanied by operative lavage and stone removal.
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PMID:The influence of intraoperative gallbladder perforation on long-term outcome after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. 748 16

Several studies, using pH monitoring with event markers, have identified patients with normal oesophageal exposure to acid despite an apparent relation between symptoms and reflux episodes. In this series of 771 consecutive patients referred for 24 hour oesophageal pH monitoring, a probability calculation was used to evaluate the relation between symptoms and reflux episodes. Oesophageal exposure to acid was normal in 462 of 771 recordings (59.9%); despite this, 70.8% (327 of 462) of these patients used at least once the event marker. In 96 patients (12.5% of total patients) with normal oesophageal exposure to acid, there was a statistically significant association between symptoms and reflux episodes. The symptom cluster of such patients was similar to that usually seen in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, but symptoms like belching, bloating, and nausea were common thus overlapping with the symptom pattern of functional dyspepsia. In these patients both the duration and the minimum pH of reflux episodes (either symptom related or asymptomatic) were significantly shorter and higher, respectively, when compared with those of patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. These results are consistent with the idea that oesophageal hypersensitivity to acid is the underlying pathophysiological feature of this syndrome.
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PMID:Reflux related symptoms in patients with normal oesophageal exposure to acid. 888 28

The effects of the administration of 50 mg of guggulipid or placebo capsules twice daily for 24 weeks were compared as adjuncts to a fruit- and vegetable-enriched prudent diet in the management of 61 patients with hypercholesterolemia (31 in the guggulipid group and 30 in the placebo group) in a randomized, double-blind fashion. Guggulipid decreased the total cholesterol level by 11.7%, the low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) by 12.5%, triglycerides by 12.0%, and the total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio by 11.1% from the postdiet levels, whereas the levels were unchanged in the placebo group. The HDL cholesterol level showed no changes in the two groups. The lipid peroxides, indicating oxidative stress, declined 33.3% in the guggulipid group without any decrease in the placebo group. The compliance of patients was greater than 96%. The combined effect of diet and guggulipid at 36 weeks was as great as the reported lipid-lowering effect of modern drugs. After a washout period of another 12 weeks, changes in blood lipoproteins were reversed in the guggulipid group without such changes in the placebo group. Side effects of guggulipid were headache, mild nausea, eructation, and hiccup in a few patients.
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PMID:Hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Commiphora mukul as an adjunct to dietary therapy in patients with hypercholesterolemia. 784 1

The efficacy and safety of the peripheral kappa-receptor agonist fedotozine was investigated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study involving 146 patients with nonulcer dyspepsia (NUD). After a two-week washout, patients were assigned to one of four groups to receive either placebo or fedotozine three times a day at doses of 10, 30, or 70 mg for six weeks. Analysis of mean symptom intensity scores showed that the 30-and 70-mg doses of fedotozine were superior to placebo in relieving postprandial fullness, bloating, abdominal pain, and nausea. Eructation and early satiety were marginally affected. The 30-mg dose was significantly more effective than placebo in reducing the total symptom score. Eight-two mostly minor adverse effects were recorded, but no significant differences in distribution emerged between placebo and treatment groups. The number of withdrawals declined significantly as a function of increasing dose. These results indicate that 30 mg three times a day is the minimal effective dose of fedotozine in the treatment of NUD symptoms and that this treatment is safe.
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PMID:Double-blind dose-response multicenter comparison of fedotozine and placebo in treatment of nonulcer dyspepsia. 817 19

Patients with endoscopically confirmed oesophagitis (n = 49) were treated for 8 weeks with either cisapride (10 mg four times a day) or ranitidine (150 mg twice a day) in a double-blind study in general practice. Mean overall symptom scores fell from 10.8 to 4.5 in the cisapride group and from 9.9 to 4.4 in the ranitidine group over the course of the study. The proportion of patients reporting improvements in individual symptoms in the two treatment groups (cisapride and ranitidine respectively) were: heartburn, 66% and 55%; acid regurgitation, 53% and 47%; epigastric pain, 60% and 52%; satiety, 57% and 47%; bloating, 69% and 71%; belching, 65% and 72%; nausea, 62% and 85%; vomiting, 77% and 66%; poor appetite, 50% and 75%. Improvement in the endoscopic grade of oesophagitis was observed in 66% of patients receiving cisapride and 63% of those receiving ranitidine. It was concluded that cisapride is as effective as ranitidine in relieving the symptoms of oesophagitis and in healing oesophageal erosions.
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PMID:Comparing the efficacy of cisapride and ranitidine in oesophagitis: a double-blind, parallel group study in general practice. 817 73

The aim of the study was to examine prevalence and duration/seriousness of gastrointestinal (GI) problems as a function of carbohydrate-rich (CHO) supplements and mode of exercise. The relationship between GI problems and a variety of physiological and personal factors (age, exercise experience) was also examined. Thirty-two male tri-athletes performed three experimental trials at 1-wk intervals, each trial on a different supplement: a conventional, semisolid supplement (S; 1.2 g CHO, 0.1 g protein, and 0.02 g fat.kg BW-1 x h-1); an almost isocaloric fluid supplement (F; 1.3 g CHO.kg BW-1 x h-1, no fat, no protein); and a fluid placebo (P). The 3 h of exercise started at 75% VO2max and consisted of alternately cycling (bouts 1 and 3) and running (bouts 2 and 4). GI symptoms were monitored by a questionnaire. Analysis of variance revealed that nausea lasted longer with P as compared with S (P < 0.05). Bloating lasted longer during bout 3 with P as compared with F and S (P < 0.05). Accounting for confounding factors, most GI symptoms occurred more frequently and lasted longer during running than during cycling. Multiple regression analysis revealed significant relationships between nausea and urge to defecate, between an urge to defecate, GI cramps and flatulence, and between belching and side ache. From all other factors energy depletion, CHO malabsorption, exercise intensity, exercise experience, and age were significantly related to GI symptoms during the exercise.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal problems as a function of carbohydrate supplements and mode of exercise. 828 7

This paper identifies the symptom profile associated with the four main diagnoses of functional digestive disorders (dyspepsia, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD), gastritis, and constipation) made by general practitioners in Belgium. Results are also presented from a multicentre study in which the effects of cisapride, administered as an oral tablet or suspension, were evaluated in patients with these functional digestive disorders. Analysis of symptom patterns revealed that early satiety and postprandial abdominal bloating were the most prominent symptoms, followed by eructation (belching), heartburn, regurgitation, postprandial epigastric burning or discomfort, and nausea. These symptoms occurred in all diagnostic groups. However, different symptom patterns were associated with each of the disorders; for example, heartburn and regurgitation were the core symptoms in patients diagnosed as having GORD, early satiety and abdominal bloating were characteristic of patients diagnosed with dyspepsia, and fasting or postprandial pain were characteristic of patients given the diagnosis of gastritis. Therefore, it appears that these diagnoses used by general practitioners in Belgium closely correspond to reflux-like, dysmotility-like and ulcer-like dyspepsia, as defined by an international working party. Cisapride improved the core symptoms in about 80% of patients with GORD or dyspepsia, relieved all epigastric symptoms in about 80% of patients with gastritis, and significantly decreased the use of laxatives and increased stool frequency in constipated patients. Cisapride was well tolerated and thus appears to be a useful option in the treatment of functional digestive disorders in a general practice setting.
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PMID:Functional dyspepsia versus other functional gastrointestinal disorders: a practical approach in Belgian general practices. 851 55


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