Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

There has been increased recognition of adenosquamous lung carcinoma since the 1982 modification of World Health Organization (WHO) histologic criteria. However, data on clinical features of this histologic subtype were nonexistent. Medical records of 127 patients with adenosquamous lung carcinoma were reviewed to determine the clinical features, namely, age, race, sex, smoking history, asbestos exposure, symptoms present at the time of diagnosis, stage, treatments, and survival. The age distribution was: less than 40 yr, 3%; 40 to 49, 17%; 50 to 59, 28%; 60 to 69, 32%; 70 to 79, 18%; greater than or equal to 80, 2%. Men constituted 72%, and 90% were smokers. Four smokers had documented asbestos exposure. The symptoms in order of decreasing frequency were cough, weight loss, expectoration, anorexia, chest pain, dyspnea, weakness, hemoptysis, pneumonia, fever, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and chills. Stage could be ascertained in 120 (95%) patients. Local stage constituted 10%, regional constituted 30%, and distant constituted 60%. Local stage had the best survival, with a projected 5-yr survival of 62%. Median survivals in regional and distant stages were 8 and 4 months, respectively. Symptoms of adenosquamous lung carcinoma were similar to other histologies. Most patients present in regional or distant stages. Local-stage patients had a good long-term survival after surgical excision of the tumor.
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PMID:Clinical features of adenosquamous lung carcinoma in 127 patients. 236 69

Thirty-six patients with advanced non-seminomatous germ-cell testicular tumours and two patients with advanced seminomas were treated with cisplatin-containing combination chemotherapy. Thirty-four patients received cisplatin 100 mg/m2 iv, vinblastine 0.3 mg/kg iv and bleomycin 30 mg iv (PVB) and three patients received this combination with etoposide (VP16-213) 120 mg/m2 iv on 3 consecutive days substituted for vinblastine (BEP). One patient received cisplatin and bleomycin only. All 35 evaluable patients with non-seminomatous tumours responded; 22 patients (61%) achieved a complete response (CR); 16 of these (73%) are alive with no evidence of disease at follow-up ranging from 18 to 55 months (median 36). Of 13 patients achieving a partial response (PR), 11 have died of progressive disease at 7 to 30 months (median 11) and two are alive with disease which has continued to regress following chemotherapy. Of 32 patients who received adequate chemotherapy, 16 (50%) are alive and disease-free and three (9%) are alive with evidence of disease. The chances of achieving a CR were reduced in those patients with bulky disease or high levels of AFP or beta hCG at presentation but not in those who had received prior radiotherapy. Toxicity was considerable, including alopecia and nausea or vomiting in all patients, and haematological toxicity, neurotoxicity, hearing loss and dyspnoea in a substantial number of patients.
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PMID:Cisplatin combination chemotherapy for advanced germ-cell testicular tumours. 241 3

The in vivo effect of yeast-derived recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) was investigated in 29 patients with advanced malignancy in phase Ib trial. Patients were treated at six different dose levels (30-1000 micrograms/m2/day) with either daily intravenous bolus injection or 24 hours continuous infusion for 5 days or 2 weeks. Administration of rh GM-CSF resulted in a broad spectrum of dose-, route-, and schedule-dependent hematopoietic effects. Sustained infusion of rh GM-CSF elicited a maximum 17-fold average peak increase of the total white blood cell (WBC) count with mainly neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes accounting for this rise, and increases in bone marrow cellularity with a shift to immature myeloid elements. Elevation of lymphocytes, platelets and reticulocytes was not induced. Within one week after discontinuation of treatment the leukocytosis had disappeared. Adverse reactions encountered with rh GM-CSF seen in 65% of the patients studied were never life-threatening and always reversible. They included mild myalgias, facial flushing, low-grade fever, headache, bone discomfort, nausea, dyspnoea and transient decline of platelet counts. These results suggest that rh GM-CSF can be safely administered at the doses and schedules employed and that it can induce in vivo some of the biological effects reported in in vitro studies. Although no objective antitumour responses have been seen, the ability of rh GM-CSF to increase turnover and function of leukocytes in vivo may prevent neutropenia and infections, when GM-CSF is adjunctively added to cytotoxic cancer therapy.
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PMID:Yeast-expressed granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in cancer patients: a phase ib clinical study. 246 45

The technique, results, and complications of 109 consecutive sonographically guided therapeutic paracenteses performed on 43 patients with malignant ascites are summarized. A 5.5-French Sacks One-Step Catheter was used in all cases but five in which tissue resistance prohibited passage of the catheter through the abdominal wall. The procedure was performed on an inpatient basis 70 times and in an outpatient setting 39 times. Colonic, ovarian, and breast carcinomas accounted for over 50% of the tumors resulting in malignant fluid collections. Three complications (hypotension, 2.6%) were directly related to the procedure; two of them were fatal (1.6%). The amount of ascitic fluid drained within the first 24 hr averaged 3.5 l at rates of 100-150 ml/sec. Ninety-five procedures (87%, in 39 patients) resulted in improvement of symptoms after drainage as manifested by decreased pain from abdominal distention, alleviation of nausea, improved appetite, or decreased dyspnea. The duration of symptomatic relief ranged from 4 days to 45 days (mean, 10.4 days). Sonographically guided paracentesis is an effective procedure that can be performed for short-term relief of symptoms caused by malignant ascites.
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PMID:Sonographically guided paracentesis for palliation of symptomatic malignant ascites. 247 42

In Vestfold, with a population of 192,200, all patients who died from cancer in 1987 were followed retrospectively through their last six months. 61% (n = 342) had cancer-related pain and received analgesic treatment. In 9% pain remained a problem. In the same group, 74% suffered from other symptoms, such as nausea, dyspnoea, anxiety and depression. These symptoms were reduced efficiently in only 58%. Nausea was the main problem. We found a significant connection between nausea, chemotherapy and opiate treatment. Anxiety and depression were recognised in about 20% of the patients, and were seldom adequately relieved. In order to provide optimal quality of life, more attention should be drawn not only to pain but also to the other symptoms.
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PMID:[Pain treatment of patients with cancer]. 248 93

The safety and tolerability of lisinopril (1.25-160 mg daily) were assessed in 3,270 patients (2,688 hypertensives and 582 patients with congestive heart failure (CHF] and 280 healthy subjects. The duration of therapy ranged from a single dose to 43 months; 438 patients received lisinopril for at least 12 months (mean 20 months). In the hypertensive population, the most frequent adverse events reported were headache, dizziness, cough, nausea, diarrhoea and fatigue, although not all of these events were thought to be related to lisinopril; 6.1% discontinued lisinopril due to adverse clinical events, most commonly cough and nausea. Twelve hypertensive patients died (0.45%), but most of these were not receiving lisinopril at the time of death and none was considered to be drug-related. In CHF patients, the most frequently reported adverse events were dizziness, dyspnoea, diarrhoea, hypotension and fatigue. Again, not all of these reports were considered to be drug-related. Therapy was withdrawn in 9.6% of patients--hypotension, dizziness, diarrhoea and rash being the most frequent reasons. Fifty-three CHF patients died (9.1%) and in three cases death was considered to be related to lisinopril therapy. Hypotension, orthostatic effects or dizziness following the initial dose of lisinopril occurred infrequently (in 1.3% of the hypertensive group, including those receiving hydrochlorothiazide, and in 4.8% of CHF patients). Changes in laboratory parameters were generally minor and seldom resulted in discontinuation of therapy. Long-term treatment of hypertension and CHF with lisinopril for at least 3 years confirms that the drug is well tolerated. Overall, the side-effect profile is very similar to that of other ACE inhibitors with regard to class-specific effects. However, taste disturbance was rarely observed.
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PMID:Clinical experience with lisinopril. Observations on safety and tolerability. 255 Jun 41

In a multicentre open trial involving 229 investigators, cicletanine, a new antihypertensive agent, was administered orally in doses of 50 to 100 mg/day either alone (1,238 patients) or combined with another drug (430 patients). In this second group of patients with essential hypertension whose BP had not been normalized by a beta-blocker (n = 157), a calcium inhibitor (n = 67), an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (n = 134) or an alpha-blocker (n = 7), cicletanine normalized BP (less than 160/95 mmHg) in 48.8% of the patients and significantly lowered BP values which fell from 177.7 +/- 15.9/103.3 +/- 6.3 mmHg to 157.2 +/- 17.6/88.8 +/- 8.7 mmHg. The addition of cicletanine to treatments with beta-blockers, calcium inhibitors and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors normalized BP in 48%, 52% and 47% of patients respectively. A significant reduction of symptoms was noted, notably as regards headache, dizziness, palpitations, lower limb oedema, asthenia, auditory disorders and dyspnoea. The side-effects reported (headache, dizziness, gastralgia, nausea, pruritus) were minor and non-specific; they accounted for the withdrawal of only 8 patients. The only significant, though moderate, biochemical variations observed were decreases in natremia and cholesterolaemia unconfirmed by qualitative analysis. Altogether, cicletanine proved to be effective and well tolerated when administered in combination with other antihypertensive drugs belonging to three main therapeutic classes.
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PMID:[Antihypertensive effectiveness and tolerance of cicletanine. Results obtained with bitherapy]. 257 67

We present the case of a patient who attempted suicide by ingestion of the rodenticide zinc phosphide. Zinc phosphide manifests its immediate toxicity through production of phosphine gas. Signs and symptoms of toxicity include nausea, vomiting, dyspnea, and changes in mental status; immediate death results from pulmonary edema. Delayed effects are secondary to the absorption of phosphide, affecting primarily the liver, heart and kidneys. Delayed deaths are related to a direct cardiotoxicity. Treatment is mainly symptomatic and supportive; aggressive airway management and circulatory support are critical to a successful outcome.
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PMID:Zinc phosphide ingestion: a case report and review. 257 17

The in vivo effect of yeast-derived recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rh GM-CSF) was investigated in 30 patients with advanced malignancy in a phase Ib trial. Patients were treated at four different dose levels (120 to 1,000 micrograms/m2/d) by either daily intravenous (IV) bolus injection or 24-hour continuous infusion. Administration of rh GM-CSF resulted in a broad spectrum of dose- and schedule-dependent hematopoietic effects. Sustained infusion of rh GM-CSF elicited a maximum 17-fold average peak increase of the total WBC count with mainly neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes accounting for this rise, and increases in bone marrow cellularity with a shift to immature myeloid elements. Elevation of lymphocytes, platelets, and reticulocytes was not induced. Within five days after discontinuation of treatment the leukocytosis had disappeared. Adverse reactions encountered with rh GM-CSF seen in 65% of the patients studied were never life-threatening and always rapidly reversible. They included mild myalgias, facial flushing, low-grade fever, headache, bone discomfort, nausea, dyspnea, and transient decline of platelet counts. These results suggest that rh GM-CSF can be safely administered at the doses and schedules used and that it can induce in vivo some of the biological effects reported in in vitro studies. Although no objective antitumour responses have been seen, the ability of rh GM-CSF to increase number and function of leukocytes in vivo may prevent neutropenia and infections when GM-CSF is added to cytotoxic cancer therapy.
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PMID:Hematopoietic responses in patients with advanced malignancy treated with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. 264 95

Generalized anxiety disorder is a syndrome characterized by excessive anxiety or apprehension concerning two or more of life's circumstances. Presenting signs and symptoms often include somatic complaints, such as tremor, dyspnea, palpitations, lightheadedness and nausea. Treatment includes supportive psychotherapy and antianxiety drugs, primarily benzodiazepines. In some cases, antidepressants may prove beneficial.
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PMID:Generalized anxiety disorder. 264 85


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