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 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The efficacy of orally administered mycophenolic acid (MPA), an inhibitor of guanosine monophosphate (GMP) synthesis, for the treatment of psoriasis, was studied in a double-blind fashion. Of twenty-one patients completing the study period, ten of eleven patients treated with MPA had a greater than 25% decrease in severity score compared with only two of ten patients treated with placebo. The placebo group had a slight increase in severity score compared to almost 50% reduction in the average severity score of the MPA-treated group. After termination of the double-blind portion of the study, the placebo group was treated with MPA and showed a 60% decrease in severity score. Adverse effects encountered included anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. One patient had an uncomplicated episode of herpes zoster. Other than a mild decrease hemoglobin, no hematologic toxicity was noted.
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PMID:Efficacy of mycophenolic acid for the treatment of psoriasis. 39 32

Food intake, appetite and a variety of feelings were measured pre- and post-operatively in obese patients undergoing jejuno-ileal bypass surgery. Decreased food intake correlated closely with the amount of weight loss at both 4 and 30 months after surgery. Malabsorption correlated with weight loss at 4 months but not 30 months post-operatively. The cause of the decreased food intake is unknown and cannot be completely explained by either depression, nausea, malabsorption, liver disease, an attempt to avert diarrhoea, or decreased appetite.
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PMID:Reduced caloric intake following small bowel bypass surgery: a systematic study of possible causes. 42 87

Fourteen patients with a variety of neoplasms not responsive to standard forms of therapy underwent whole body hyperthermia for a maximum 4 h at 41.8 degrees C. This was a phase-I cancer trial designed to develop whole body hyperthermia as an adjuvant to systemic chemotherapy. Intravenous analgesia was used to sedate patients, obviating the need for general endotracheal anesthesia. Hyperthermia was induced by means of a high-flow water perfusion suit. Cardiovascular performance was evaluated using a flow-directed pulmonary artery catheter. Patients developed a twofold mean increase in cardiac index without evidence of cardiac damage by ECG or creatine phosphokinase (CPK) isoenzymes. An acute fall in serum magnesium and phosphate and an acute rise in arterial pH, serum CPK values, and granulocyte count occurred in all patients. There were no clotting abnormalities. Toxicity included fatigue, diarrhea, nausea, and transient elevations in liver enzymes. Four patients were febrile for 36 h after initial defervescence. Peripheral neuropathy developed in four. These results show that with carefully monitored conditions whole body hyperthermia is feasible.
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PMID:Whole body hyperthermia: a phase-I trial of a potential adjuvant to chemotherapy. 42 99

Since July 1976, 19 patients with carcinoma of the bladder have been treated with adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil, and levamisole combined with radiotherapy (60 Gy [6000 radsA1/24 fractions/6 weeks). Chemotherapy and radiotherapy were initiated simultaneously, with the entire treatment lasting 7--8 months. Three months after the completion of radiotherapy, 14 of the 18 patients in whom cystoscopy was performed were found to be in complete remission. Overall, 17 of the 19 patients have responded to the treatment and 15 patients have at some time shown complete remission. The toxic effects seen were myelosuppression, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of weight, and alopecia. Thirteen patients received the entire treatment as outpatients while six patients had to be hospitalized for a period of 8--14 days because of severe side effects, especially in Weeks 3--8. Serious complications such as bowel perforation were not seen, but one patient died with septicemia as a result of agranulocytosis, which was attributed to the treatment with levamisole.
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PMID:Phase II study of adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil, levamisole, and irradiation in carcinoma of the bladder. 44 95

The second symptomatic case of Entamoeba polecki infection, the first to respond to therapy, is reported. The patient experienced intermittent episodes of abdominal cramps, diarrhea, nausea, and malaise associated with large numbers of E. polecki cysts in the stool. Following treatment with diloxanide furoate and metronidazole, all symptoms cleared and the parasite was no longer present in the stool.
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PMID:Successful treatment of symptomatic Entamoeba polecki infection. 45 33

The tetracycline class of antibiotics is infrequently used in clinical pediatrics due to its side effects: they include anorexia, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Hypersensitivity, a photosensibility reaction and a brownish discoloration of teeth is less frequently, a pseudotumor cerebri is rarely seen. Once therapeutic plasma levels are exceeded however, either by overdosage or decreased renal or hepatic clearance of the drug, serious complications like a secondary Fanconi-Syndrom or a nephrogenic diabetes insipidus can occur. The increased toxicity of tetracyclines in pregnant women is well known. We would like to report a fatal case, where serious complications like a secondary Fanconi-Syndrom, toxic degeneration of the liver, a clinically undected pancreatitis and a protein loosing enteropathy are though to be either direct consequences of tetracycline overdosage or the indirect effect of a shocklike syndrom by means of a nonoliguric renal failure induced by tetracycline.
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PMID:[Tetracyclin intoxication versus idiopathic pancreatitis: report of a case with multiple organ involvement (author's transl)]. 47 25

Sulprostone was administered to 628 women, 14-47 years of age, to induce abortion in cases of intact and disturbed pregnancies in the 5th - 37th weeks. The preparation was administered in 30 cases as a suppository, in 86 cases intra- or extraamnially, in 302 cases intravenously (i.v.) and in 210 cases intramuscularly (I.m.). The suppositorial administration cannot be used in induce abortion. A complete abortion was induced in 10 of 56 women in the first trimester and in 15 of 20 women in the second trimester with an extraamnial instillation of sulprostone, and in 90% by intraamnial infusion. The best results from i.v. administration of sulprostone were obtained by administering a total dosage of 1000 mcg of the drug over a 10 hour period. Incomplete or complete abortion was induced in 84.7% of the women in the first trimester who received sulprostone i.v. with an average induction-abortion interval (i.a.i.) of 12.2 hours. Complete abortion was obtained in 90% of the women in the 2nd trimester who received sulprostone i.v., with an average i.a.i. of 13.2 hours for intact and 9.3 hours for disturbed pregnancies. 30 patients less than 6 weeks pregnant received two 500 mcg i.m. injections of sulprostone to induce bleeding. 167 women in the early second trimester were given sulprostone i.m., 1-3 doses of 500 mcg at 4-8 hr. intervals. An abortion resulted in 50% of the patients after 1 injection. The rate of incomplete abortions increased with increased dosage. An average i.a.i. of 11.4 hours was recorded. In both i.v. and i.m. applications, increased dosage did not cause increased effectiveness, but increased side effects. 23.5% of the patients experienced nausea, 15.1% vomiting, and less than 1% diarrhea. I.m. administration is preferred up to the 12th week of pregnancy, while i.v. administration is preferred for disturbed pregnancies after the 12th week.
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PMID:[A new therapeutic approach for terminating intact and disturbed pregnancies: three years of experience with the prostaglandin E2-derivative sulprostone (SHB 286) (author's transl)]. 47 68

A case report of subacute, reversible ischemic colitis associated with use of oral contraceptives (OCs) is reported. A 19-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with chief complaints of abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding of 2 days' duration. Past medical history and family history were noncontributory. The patient was receiving no medication other than Norinyl 2 (2 mg of norethindrone and .1 mg of mestranol), which she had been taking for 6 months. 2 days before admission the patient had taken 100 mg of dimenhydrinate and 2 ExLax tablets (90 mg of phenolphthalein) for constipation. Colonic roentgenograms revealed impaired mesenteric circulation and bowel ischemia; OC-induced ischemic bowel disease was diagnosed. Patient symptoms subsided within 96 hours of discontinuing the OC and initiating supportive therapy (including intravenous fluid infusion, nasogastric suction, analgesics, and antiemetics). When a repeat barium enema was performed, it showed resolution of the ischemia. In a short review following the case report, these drugs were indicted in causation of colitis-like syndrome: amoxicillin, ampicillin, cephazolin, chloramphenicol, chlorpropamide, clindamycin, cloxacillin, cotrimoxasole, cyclophosphamide, digitalis, ergotamine tartrate, flucytosine, fluorouracil, gold salts, laxative and cathartic abuse, mercurous chloride, methyldopa, penicillin V, and tetracycline. Ischemic bowel disease secondary to OC use is a rare but important complication because of its significant morbidity and potential mortality, and because of the widespread use of the drugs. The case report emphasizes the need to consider the differential diagnosis of acute vascular insult with bowel ischemia when acute abdominal pain progressing to bloody diarrhea occurs in young women taking OCs.
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PMID:Oral contraceptive-induced ischemic bowel disease. 48 72

This is an article reviewing the literature and our experience to date (six months) in the treatment of cancer using whole body hyperthermia in the first 60 patients. WBHT is an effective method of treating cancer. Patients were treated for a total of eight hours, 180 degrees F for two hours. WBHT was induced by means of two high-flow water filled blankets. Toxicity included fatigue, nausea, diarrhea and first degree burns. There was no evidence of visceral damage. There were no mortalities during the procedure. Objective responses were 50%, subjective responses were 65%. The literature demonstrates and our study confirms that under closely monitored conditions, WBHT is a feasible, safe and active anti-cancer therapy. WBHT may be safely used as an adjunct to other active cancer therapies including X-ray therapy and chemotherapy.
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PMID:Systemic thermotherapy (whole body hyperthermia). 48

Abdominal pain, nausea, flatulence and diarrhea are the main clinical symptoms in chronic amebiasis; diarrhea and constipation may alternate in many cases, whereas constipation alone does occur only rarely. These symptoms may persist over years, with long asymptomatic intervals. In most cases cysts of entameba histolytica can be demonstrated in the feces, accompanied rather often by dientameba fragilis in Israel. 835 carriers of entameba histolytica were found among our patients between 1968 and 1974. Patients exhibiting 3 of the above mentioned clinical symptoms and having entameba histolytica in the stools are defined to be suffering from chronic recurrent amebiasis; 371 (= 44%) of our patients could be classified in this group. In spite of the fact, that the number of cases of acute amebiasis and its complications in Israel has been reduced considerably in the past, chronic amebiasis continues to be a clinical and epidemiological problem, its incidence being scarcely diminished.
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PMID:[Chronic recurrent intestinal amebiasis in Israel (author's transl)]. 49 12


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