Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release rate from an intravaginal suppository on induced abortion was investigated in a randomized, double-blind study of 71 women who were 7-22 weeks pregnant. 2 dosage forms were compared. Base A was selected to provide a more hydrophilic character than base B. 6 vaginal suppositories, inserted at 4-8 hour intervals as deemed necessary for the clinical progress of abortion, were available for each patient. If abortion did not occur within 48 hours, the trial was discontinued. When time for 50% dissolution of PGE2 (t50%) was plotted as a function of pH for the 2 suppository formulations, the curve for base A was sigmoidal in shape, showing a more rapid release of PGE2 and pH increase. In contrast, base B demonstrated a t50% value of 30 hours which was independent of pH. This independence suggested the hypothesis that the clinical performance of base B would be more uniform than a base A formulation and would exhibit a longer duration of biologic action. Use of base A was found to produce a slight increase in the frequency of successful abortions (79% with base A versus 70.3% with base B). There were no significant differences in the mean times from treatment initiation to complete abortion, the number of incomplete abortions, or failure to abort between the 2 study groups. There was a nonsignificant trend toward reduced total drug use in the base A group. Examination of side effects indicated that women receiving PGE2 in base B had a greater but nonsignificant tendency to experience nausea (62.2% in group B, 58.8% in group A) and vomiting (83.8% group B, 76.5% group A); however, there was a significantly greater amount of diarrhea in the base B group (70.3%) than in the base A group (41.2%). It was concluded that there are no major differences in abortifacient efficiency or the general incidence of side effects when PGE2 therapy in 2 dosage forms is compared. However, a more hydrophilic base, which exhibits a more rapid release of PGE2, appears to slightly reduce side effects and efficacy.
 ...
PMID:Clinical comparison of abortifacient activity of vaginally administered prostaglandin E2 in two dosage forms. 1 73

25 patients--19 to 73 years old--who underwent maxillofacial operations, received Spontavix for 10 to 12 days via a nasogastric tube. In 20% of the patients nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and/or abdominal pain occurred and disappeared after finishing nutrition with Spontavix. Mean frequency of defecation was 0.5/patient/24 hours. Body weight, serum electrolytes, blood gases, pH and base excess in the arterial blood, urea-nitrogen, hemoglobin and albumin content of the blood did not change significantly. Lipids in the serum increased insignificantly without leaving normal limits. During nutrition with Spontavix serum transaminases (SGOT, SGPT) showed a statistically significant increase which is believed to be caused by general anesthesia.
 ...
PMID:[Postoperative feeding of patients after maxillofacial surgery with the tube feeding preparation Spontavix]. 4 69

On Feb. 3, 1975, 196 (57%) of 344 passengers and 1 steward aboard a commercial aircraft contracted a gastrointestinal illness characterised by nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and diarrhoea; 142 passengers and the steward were admitted to hospital. Symptoms developed shortly after a ham and omelette breakfast had been served. An investigation strongly incriminated ham as the vehicle of the outbreak, and the source seems to have been a cook with lesions on his fingers. The attack-rate was 86% for passengers who ate the ham handled by this cook and 0% for passengers who ate ham handled exclusively by another food preparer. Before being served, the ham and omelette had been held at room temperature for 14 h and at 10 degrees C (50 degrees F) for 14 1/2 h Specimens of stool and vomitus from ill passengers, left-over food, and the finger lesions of the cook were positive for Staphylococcus aureus of identical phage types and antibiotic sensitivities. Preformed enterotoxin was detected in the left-over ham and omelette. This outbreak re-emphasises that people with infected lesion should not handle food and that foods must be stored at temperatures low enough to inhibit the growth of bacteria. To ensure against a common foodborne illness incapacitating the entire flight crew, cockpit crew members should eat different meals prepared by different cooks.
 ...
PMID:Staphylococcal food poisoning aboard a commercial aircraft. 5 19

Forty six patients suffering from Paget's disease in acute exacerbation were treated for three months with 80 u/day of synthetic salmon thyrocalcitonin. A control group of 36 patients received a placebo. A marked improvement in pain was seen in 60% of the treated patients and 15% of the placebo group (p less than 0.001). Functional impairment, when present, was also far more markedly decreased in the treated group (p less than 0.01). In comparison with the control group, the fall in hydroxyprolinuria and alkaline phosphatase levels was highly significant (p less than 0.001). This treatment is active against not only symptoms and signs, but also the biological criteria of activity of the disease. The side-effects of treatment consist above all of hot flashes (35% of cases) and nausea (24%). In only one case was it necessary to stop treatment because of intractable diarrhoea.
 ...
PMID:[Treatment of Paget's disease with salmon thyrocalcitonin. Cooperative double-blind study]. 6 92

Based on positive results in laboratory animals, chlorpromazine was given a clinical trial in humans to determine if it could reduce fluid losses during cholera. In animals, the chlorpromazine inhibited cholera toxin-stimulated intestinal adenylate cyclase and fluid secretion. Therefore, 11 cholera patients suffering severe diarrhea (360-1340 ml/hour) and vomiting were given either intramuscular chlorpromazine (1 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg) (n=8) or oral chlorpromazine of the same dose (1 mg/kg) (n=3). Overall reduction in stool output of 66% in the treated patients was evident after 32 hours of treatment. The decrease in treated patients was significantly greater than the reduction in nontreated patients (26%) during the same 32-hour course of illness. Patients' comfort was also enhanced by the decrease in nausea and mild sedative qualities of chlorpromazine, and no hypotension was observed in these well-hydrated patients.
 ...
PMID:Chlorpromazine reduces fluid-loss in cholera. 8 63

During a 20-month period all acute nonlymphocytic patients (87 patient trials) receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy were placed on an oral nonabsorbable antibiotic regimen consisting of gentamicin, vancomycin, and nystatin in addition to an intensive program of infection prevention aimed at reducing exogenously acquired and body-surface potential pathogens. Although side effects of anorexia, diarrhea, and nausea were common, gentamicin-vancomycin-nystatin was ingested 80% of the study time. Microbial growth in gingival and rectal cultures was substantially reduced. The incidence of bacteremias and other serious infections was low. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, other gram-negative bacilli, and Candida species caused few infections along the alimentary canal, whereas infections of the skin (especially Staphylococcus aureus) were not reduced compared with those occurring in former years. A total of the 104 acquired gram-negative bacilli were gentamicin resistant; 5 subsequently caused infection. Thus, despite certain definite drawbacks, the use of oral nonabsorbable antibiotics to suppress alimentary tract microbial flora in combination with other infection prevention techniques in granulocytopenic cancer patients has proven feasible and tolerable and has been associated with a low order of life-threatening infections.
 ...
PMID:Infection in acute leukemia patients receiving oral nonabsorable antibiotics. 9 7

The nutritional status of a cancer patient may be affected by the tumor, the chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy directed against the tumor, and by complications associated with that therapy. Chemotherapy-radiotherapy is not confined exclusively to malignant cell populations; thus, normal tissues may also be affected by the therapy and may contribute to specific nutritional problems. Impaired nutrition due to anorexia, mucositis, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may be dependent upon the specific chemotherapeutic agent, dose, or schedule utilized. Similar side effects from radiation therapy depend upon the dose, fractionation, and volume irradiated. When combined modality treatment is given the nutritional consequences may be magnified. Prospective, randomized clinical trials are underway to investigate the efficacy of nutritional support during chemotherapy-radiotherapy on tolerance to treatment, complications from treatment, and response rates to treatment. Preliminary results demonstrate that the administration of total parenteral nutrition is successful in maintaining weight during radiation therapy and chemotherapy, but that weight loss occurs after discontinuation of nutritional support. Thus, long-term evaluation is mandatory to learn the impact of nutritional support on survival, disease-free survival, and complication rates, as well as on the possible prevention of morbidity associated with aggressive chemotherapy-radiation therapy.
 ...
PMID:Alterations of nutritional status: impact of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. 10 84

The authors report the case of a 58 year old female patient with rheumatoid arthritis. About 4 hours after each intramuscular injection of Myochrysin (Sodium-auro-thiomalate 5%) she showed undesired reactions such as sialorrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, apathy, weakness, head ache, breast swelling, perspiration, feeling of incident death. The following day these symptoms declined, the joint pain, however, increased. The reaction recurred with each of the 5 Sodium-auro-thiomalate injections, but not after injections of 5% Solganal (Aurothioglucose). It is supposed that these side effects are connected with the quick absorption of the Sodium-auro-thiomalate in aqueous solution. The Aurothioglucose in oil suspension would not cause such reactions after an intramuscular injection because of its slower absorption.
 ...
PMID:[Reactions against sodium-auro-thiomalate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis]. 11 3

In August-October 1973 several NAG vibrio strains were isolated for the first time in our country from clinical cases of acute intestinal disturbances. The patients were admitted to hospital being clinically suspect of dysenteric syndrome or alimentary toxiinfection (nausea, vomiting, abdominal colics, tenesms, mucosanguinolent stools, aqeous stools from 4-5 up to 20 in 24 hours, with signs of dehydration). NAG vibrios were isolated from all the cultures in, practically, pure cultures. Epidemiologic survey in the village of B resulted in isolation of the same NAG vibrio strains from the samples collected from the direct contacts and drinking water sources. Therefore, NAG vibrios can unquestionably cause a diarrheic disease and it will be necessary to extend the bacteriologic diangosis also in this direction in all cases of diarrhea of "unknown etiology".
 ...
PMID:[Gastrointestinal disorders caused by non-agglutinable (NAG) vibrios]. 12 99

Triazinate (Baker's Antifol, NSC 139105) was given to 28 patients as a single agent in the chemotherapy of advanced colerectal carcinoma. The dosage utilized was 250 mg/m2 intravenously, administered daily in three consecutive days. Patients were evaluated at three weeks, six weeks, and then monthly until progression was evident. Various immunologic determinants (i.e., DNCB sensitization, immunoglobulins, recall skin tests, lymphocyte blastogenesis, and circulating lymphocytes, T-cells and B-cells) were obtained prior to treatment and at each re-evaluation. The principal side effects were dermatitis, stomatitis, diarrhea, nausea, somnolence, and leukopenia. There was no discernable effect of Triazinate on the immunologic determinants tested. There was one complete response, and four partial responses, for an objective regression rate of 18%. This study suggests that Triazinate has a definite, though limited, effect on advanced colorectal carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:A phase II study of triazinate (NSC 139105) in advanced colorectal carcinoma. 14 77


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>