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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In preparation for a national Phase III study of dose and dose intensity in the treatment of node-positive, Stage II adenocarcinoma of the female breast, CALGB instituted a pilot study of intensive intravenous outpatient CAF (cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil) for four months. This study was designed to give full doses of drugs without dose reduction for hematologic toxicity. In order to evaluate the feasibility of physician and patient compliance with a potentially toxic therapy, a multi-institution pilot study was performed. This protocol demonstrated that a cooperative group could deliver toxic drug doses to outpatients with a median of 98% of cyclophosphamide, 97% of Adriamycin (doxorubicin), and 91% of 5-fluorouracil administered on schedule. Major side effects, as expected, were leukopenia, nausea, and vomiting. Disease-free survival is at least equivalent to that observed in previous studies.
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PMID:A feasibility study of intensive CAF as outpatient adjuvant therapy for stage II breast cancer in a cooperative group: CALGB 8443. 229 49

Fifty-six evaluable patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma (FIGO III or IV), without prior cytotoxic chemotherapy, were studied to assess the activity of single-agent moderate-dose cyclophosphamide, 40 mg/kg to a maximum dose of 3000 mg, given intravenously as a bolus injection every 3 weeks. All patients were treated as outpatients. Moderate-dose cyclophosphamide resulted in 36 (64%) objective responses (19 CR, 17 PR). Nausea and severe vomiting occurred in all patients, but no patient needed hospitalization for this complication. Other side-effects observed were alopecia (100%), leukocytes less than or equal to 2500/microliters (18%), chemical cystitis (11%) and sepsis (4%). The median duration of response was 11 months, and the estimated median survival by the life-table method for responders was 16 months and for non-responders 4 months (P less than 0.001). Clinical trials previously performed by our group comparing cyclophosphamide alone, either vs cis-platinum, adriamycin and hexamethylmelamine or vs Hexa-CAF, showed a better remission rate with the use of moderate-dose cyclophosphamide alone. Therefore we suggest further investigation of this agent in a moderate dose in disseminated ovarian carcinoma.
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PMID:Moderate-dose cyclophosphamide for disseminated ovarian carcinoma: a phase II study. 668 84

The usefulness of CAF [cyclophosphamide (CPA)/doxorubicin (ADR)/5-fluorouracil (5-FU)] + medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) therapy for advanced/recurrent breast cancer was studied in a randomised trial at 56 institutions. Patients received CAF therapy [CPA: 100 mg, orally, days 1-14; ADR: 30 mg/m2, intravenously (i.v.), days 1 and 8; 5-FU: 500 mg/m2, i.v., days 1 and 8) in arm I, or CAF + MPA therapy (CAF + MPA 1200 mg, daily) in arm II. The response rate was significantly higher (P = 0.041) in arm II (53.5%, 46/86) than arm I (36.6%, 30/82). The response rate by tumour site was significantly higher for lymph node and bone lesions in arm II. Partial response duration and overall response duration were significantly longer in arm II. Incidences of anorexia and nausea/vomiting were significantly higher in arm I but in arm II, moon face, oedema and vaginal bleeding were significantly higher. Many patients in arm II demonstrated improvement in performance status and weight loss, suggesting a beneficial effect of MPA. The chemoendocrine therapy with CAF + MPA appears to be more beneficial than CAF alone in the treatment of advanced/recurrent breast cancer.
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PMID:Comparison of chemotherapy with or without medroxyprogesterone acetate for advanced or recurrent breast cancer. 794 92

Patient's perceptions of side effects and the influence of treatment on daily activities are important considerations in choosing a chemotherapy regimen. However, there are no studies comparing patients' experiences with three commonly used chemotherapy regimens for breast cancer. The authors compared the patient-reported side effects and disruption in usual activities for cyclophosphamide and fluorouracil combined with methotrexate (CMF), doxorubicin (CAF), or mitoxantrone (CNF) in 86 women receiving treatment for breast cancer. The incidence and severity of side effects and disruption in usual activities were recorded by patients in a self-care diary (SCD) 2 and 5 days after the first and second drug cycles. Patients reported a mean of 3.2 to 4.9 side effects at each point in time. Fatigue, nausea, anorexia, taste changes, and headache were the most frequently reported side effects and did not differ in incidence among the three drug regimens. When repeated measures analysis of covariance was conducted using mean substitution for missing data and controlling for stage of disease, women receiving CAF reported more severe nausea than women receiving CMF or CNF (P < 0.05). Fatigue was significant for time; however, a distinct clinical pattern of fatigue was not apparent. Patients reported moderate levels of disruption in activities of daily living, with those receiving CAF having greater disruption. There was no difference among treatment groups in reports of overall disruption in activities. These data on patient reported experiences with side effects of chemotherapy can be used to prepare patients for specific side effects of treatment and facilitate symptom management.
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PMID:A comparison of patient-reported side effects among three chemotherapy regimens for breast cancer. 805 7

The clinical efficacy of "CMF" chemotherapy, (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil), was evaluated on advanced and recurrent breast cancer. The response rate was 36.1% in 61 evaluable cases, including four CR and eighteen PR. In terms of efficacy classified by metastatic lesion, the effective rates were 51.4% in soft tissue, 28.6% in viscera, and 20.0% in bone metastases. The main side effects were nausea/vomiting, anorexia, and leucopenia. In this study, CMF chemotherapy resulted in good clinical effects, and its response rate was almost the same as that to CMF chemotherapy in Europe and USA, but slightly lower than that to CAF chemotherapy. As to the side effects, the incidence of leucopenia, thrombocytopenia or alopecia was lower in CMF chemotherapy than in CAF chemotherapy. Also, unlike CAF chemotherapy, CMF chemotherapy had no cumulative dose-limitation and showed no cardiotoxicity. In conclusion, CMF chemotherapy is considered to be one of the most useful treatments for advanced and recurrent breast cancer.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (CMF) on advanced and recurrent breast cancer. Clinical study group of CMF for breast cancer in Japan]. 808 46

A multi-center randomized comparison study of CAF + TAM therapy (Arm A) and CAF + MPA therapy (Arm B) in advanced or recurrent breast cancer was conducted at 37 institutions in Kyushu. Out of 119 registered cases, 114 were eligible and 76 were evaluable. The response rate was 42% (15/36) in Arm A and 58% (23/40) in Arm B. In the comparison of side effects, nausea/vomiting and anorexia were significantly less and moon face and body weight gain were significantly more in Arm B. Leucocytopenia was significantly inhibited in Arm B compared with Arm A, which indicated the myeloprotective effect of MPA. These results indicated that CAF + MPA therapy (Arm B) may be more advantageous than CAF + TAM therapy (Arm A) in advanced or recurrent breast cancer.
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PMID:[Comparison of CAF plus MPA with CAF plus TAM for advanced or recurrent breast cancer--Kyushu CAFT Study Group of Advanced or Recurrent Breast Cancer]. 860 18

The antiemetic efficacy of granisetron in repeated CAF chemotherapy after breast cancer operation was investigated. Twenty-three patients who were treated with repeated CAF chemotherapy after breast cancer operation received drip-infused granisetron (3 mg/body) to prevent nausea and vomiting. Antiemetic efficacy was evaluated by means of the severity of nausea and the frequency of vomiting. The antiemetic efficacy rate of the drug was 74.4%. However, the average rate of antiemetic efficacy was 86.9% on the first through the sixth administration of the chemotherapy (first period). 75.9% on the seventh through the twelfth (second period), 48.4% on the thirteenth through the eighteenth (third period), and 31.8% on the nineteenth through the twenty-fourth (fourth period). There were significant differences in the antiemetic efficacy rate among the first, second and third periods. The antiemetic efficacy of granisetron decreased significantly by repeated CAF chemotherapy.
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PMID:[Antiemetic efficacy of granisetron in repeated CAF chemotherapy after breast cancer operation]. 908 90

In Japan, 5-FU/5-FU derivatives or the combination therapy of CAF (cyclophosphamide, CPA; adriamycin, ADM; 5-fluorouracil; 5-FU) have been commonly used for the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer. Recently, a combination of CEF (CPA; Epirubicin, EPI; 5-FU) has come to the stage of adjuvant setting, because the cardiotoxicity was reduced in EPI. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of 6 cycles of CEF (CPA 700 mg/m2, EPI 70 mg/m2, 5-FU 700 mg/m2; day 1 iv every 3-4 weeks) in the adjuvant treatment of primary breast cancer patients with nodal involvements. All 12 patients completed 6 cycles of CEF within 8 months. The median treatment duration was 6.2 months. More than Grade III side effects of neutropenia, nausea/vomiting and alopecia were observed in 7/12 (58.3%), 5/12 (41.7%) and 12/12 (100%), respectively. No serious side effects, including cardiotoxicity, were shown. CEF seems to be feasible regimen as an adjuvant treatment for breast cancer.
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PMID:[The feasibility of CEF (cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, 5-FU) regimen in the adjuvant setting of primary breast cancer]. 912 4

Efficacy of combination of ondansetron injection and tablet on CAF (cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil) induced emesis were investigated in 10 breast cancer patients (33 courses). Complete suppression rate of nausea or vomiting were approximately 75%, approximately 90% respectively for every treatment day. According to judgement criteria, antiemetic rate of approximately 100% was achieved during the study period. As to food intake of each treatment day, in approximately 70% of treatment courses was assessed as '(patient was) able to eat most of the meal'. Trend in emetic episodes and food intake in each patient receiving several courses of CAF therapy were evaluated. As a result, those patients experiencing nausea or vomiting or had effect on their food intake, were found to be in the similar condition in the following course (s) of CAF. No adverse drug reaction nor clinical laboratory test abnormalities due to ondansetron was observed. In this investigation, combination of ondansetron injection and tablet was shown to sufficiently suppress CAF-induced nausea and vomiting, and their efficacy was confirmed. Still, the study suggested that number of emetic episodes or degree of anorexia differs according to each individual. Therefore we regard additional administration of ondansetron or concomitant use of steroids should be considered when necessary.
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PMID:[Efficacy of combination of ondansetron injection and tablet in CAF-induced emesis in breast cancer patients]. 949 34

A huge mass measuring 13 x 12 cm and wide cutaneous edema were detected in the right breast of a 51-year-old woman. Under a diagnosis of locally advanced breast cancer (T4bN2M1, stage IV) with liver metastases, we attempted sequential neoadjuvant chemotherapy. After three courses of CAF therapy (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin (DXR), 5-FU), the primary tumor was decreased by 56% and the liver metastases had disappeared. A minor pathologic response was observed. Subsequently, three courses of docetaxel (TXT) administration were carried out. The primary tumor was then decreased by 75% and the axillary metastases had disappeared. Histopathological examination showed gross viable tumor cells in the residual tumor and positive axillary lymph nodes. The only toxic effect was nausea (grade 1) and no major adverse effects were observed. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with sequential DXR followed by TXT is a useful treatment for locally advanced breast cancer.
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PMID:[A case of effective chemotherapy using CAF followed by docetaxel for advanced breast cancer]. 1101 5


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