Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Based on the overall results of a UFT phase II study made in 104 institutions in Japan from April of 1979 to September of 1980, there was a response rate of 27.7% with 3 CR cases and 49 PR cases out of 188 stomach cancer cases considered as evaluable according to solid cancer chemotherapy direct efficacy criteria. Other response rates were spleen cancer 25%, gallbladder cancer 25%, liver cancer 19.2%, colorectal cancer 25%, breast cancer 32% and lung cancer 7%. Side effects out of 551 cases were, loss of appetite 24.3%, nausea/vomiting 12.5%, diarrhea 11.1% and other digestive system symptoms mainly. The hematologic side effects were mild, being 6.9%. According to the UFT phase II study, in 438 evaluable cases followed for 5 years after testing, the results were analyzed in terms of therapeutic efficacy and survival time. In 185 stomach cancer cases, 50% survival time was 185 days, with CR + PR cases 336 days, MR + NC cases 183 days, and PD cases 97 days. Colorectal cancer showed a 50% survival time of 227 days in 54 cases, while that for 49 breast cancer cases was 505 days. Total Ftorafur (FT) results using the same criteria from the UFT phase II study revealed, from a comparison of dosage and disease type, that UFT did not enhance FT side effects; rather, it markedly increases effectiveness. Therefore, on the basis of its response rate and the survival time for the cases of digestive system cancer, UFT is considered an effective anticancer agent.
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PMID:[Report on nationwide pooled data and cohort investigation in UFT phase II study]. 311 85

For initiating the minimum-size (0.25 microg/hour) transdermal fentanyl patch (TDF), 45 mg a day of oral morphine is the recommended minimum dose (RMD) in Japan according to the prescribing information. However, little is known about the validity of the RMD, and we can presume there are many cases where clinicians are inclined to initiate the minimum-size TDF at the early stage contrary to the RMD due to the high morbidity rate of digestive system cancer in Japan. In order to verify the validity of the RMD, we collected 71 retrospective cases where the minimum-size TDF was initiated against the restriction of RMD. The prior morphine (or equivalent doses of other opioids) was prescribed by palliative care specialists at 5 facilities which belong to Symptom Control Research Group (SCORE-G). Then, the side effects and pain control from the 1st to the 4th day were analyzed. The mean age of subjects was 68, and the main reason for initiating TDF therapy was gastrointestinal symptoms (63.4%). The frequency of side effects such as somnolence, nausea, vomiting and constipation did not show a significant correlation with the prior opioid dose.However,severe dyspnea and respiration depression were documented in two patients, and the above rate was three times higher than the nationwide result of the same side effects (0.9 8%). According to the Numeric Rating Scale (from 0: no pain to 10: the worst pain), the pain intensity decreased from 6.6 on the 1st day to 2.8 on the 2nd day, 3.3 on the 3rd day, and 2.9 (p < 0.001) on the 4th day. We conclude that, although introducing the minimum-size TDF against the RMD served to decrease the pain intensity,it raised the side effects on the respiratory system even when prescribed by palliative care specialists. Therefore,the RMD regulation is valid for general practitioners from a medical safety standpoint.
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PMID:[Validity of recommended minimum dose of prior morphine to initiate transdermal fentanyl patch in prescribing information - multicenter survey of on prescriptions by palliative care specialists in Japan]. 1757 Sep 68