Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A double-blind investigation was undertaken to compare the efficacy of nalbuphine and fentanyl in the prevention of pain after day case termination of pregnancy. Forty patients were allocated randomly to receive nalbuphine 0.25 mg/kg or fentanyl 1.5 micrograms/kg immediately before induction of anaesthesia. The patients completed scores for pain and nausea, and performed a reaction time test to assess recovery. An observer assessed patient appearance at 1, 2 and 4 hours postoperatively. Patients who received nalbuphine had significantly lower pain scores at 1 hour (p less than 0.01) and 2 hours (p less than 0.05) and required significantly (p less than 0.05) less postoperative analgesia. No significant differences were found between the groups for incidence of nausea or for observer assessment of appearance. There was some evidence of psychomotor impairment at 2 hours in the nalbuphine group. Freedom from Controlled Drug Act regulations and improved analgesia with nalbuphine, render it more satisfactory for day case surgery than the more commonly used fentanyl.
 ...
PMID:A comparison of nalbuphine with fentanyl for postoperative pain relief following termination of pregnancy under day care anaesthesia. 336 36

Sertraline is a highly specific, potent inhibitor of serotonin reuptake. It exerts no clinically significant effects on norepinephrine and dopamine uptake and possess negligible binding affinity for histaminergic, muscarinic, dopaminergic, and adrenergic receptors. Its pharmacologic profile permits once-daily dosing while allowing plasma drug levels to equilibrate within 1 week. In multicenter, double-blind trials, sertraline proved superior to placebo and comparable to amitriptyline in ameliorating acute depression. Moreover, the drug has been shown to be effective in preventing relapses of the index episode and recurrence of further episodes over the long term. Sertraline has not been associated with sedating or anticholinergic effects, psychomotor impairment, or cardiovascular toxicity. Its principal side effects are generally transient and include mild-to-moderate nausea or diarrhea and sexual dysfunction (ejaculatory delay) in males. The safety margin of sertraline is wider than that of the tricyclic antidepressants. This serotonin reuptake inhibitor shows promise as an important therapeutic and prophylactic alternative in the pharmacologic management of depression.
 ...
PMID:The role of sertraline in the management of depression. 785 36

In outpatient surgery the patient leaves the hospital after a short period of observation. The initial postoperative period requires observation of the same standard as for inpatients. However, the anaesthesia and surgical techniques used should prepare for fast recovery. The challenge is to handle high patient turnover in a safe manner. The main postoperative problems are pain, nausea/vomiting and psychomotor impairment. To be able to discharge the patients safety is crucial for the success of day surgery. Well trained nurses can judge when the patient is ready to go home, provided that strict guidelines are set up by the physicians in charge. All the patients given general anaesthesia, sedation or opioids should be together with a responsible adult person until the next day. Adequate information must be given concerning what to expect during the following days, and how to respond to complications. Every day surgery unit should have its own control system to detect any problems after the treatment.
 ...
PMID:[Postoperative treatment and follow-up]. 864 98

Postsurgical dental pain is mainly driven by inflammation, particularly through the generation of prostaglandins via the cyclooxygenase system. Thus, it is no surprise that numerous randomized placebo-controlled trials studying acute pain following the surgical extraction of impacted third molars have demonstrated the remarkable efficacy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen, naproxen sodium, etodolac, diclofenac, and ketorolac in this prototypic condition of acute inflammatory pain. Combining an optimal dose of an NSAID with an appropriate dose of acetaminophen appears to further enhance analgesic efficacy and potentially reduce the need for opioids. In addition to being on average inferior to NSAIDs as analgesics in postsurgical dental pain, opioids produce a higher incidence of side effects in dental outpatients, including dizziness, drowsiness, psychomotor impairment, nausea/vomiting, and constipation. Unused opioids are also subject to misuse and diversion, and they may cause addiction. Despite these risks, some dental surgical outpatients may benefit from a 1- or 2-d course of opioids added to their NSAID regimen. NSAID use may carry significant risks in certain patient populations, in which a short course of an acetaminophen/opioid combination may provide a more favorable benefit versus risk ratio than an NSAID regimen.
 ...
PMID:Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Opioids in Postsurgical Dental Pain. 3256 91