Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

High dose Cytarabin in relapsed and refractory acute leukaemia. High dose cytarabin can be very effective for the treatment of acute leukaemia resistent to conventional cytarabin doses. Therefore 10 patients (6 males, 4 females) with ages ranging from 18 to 58 years (median: 34 years) refractory to conventional induction therapy were treated with 1 hour infusions of high dose cytarabin (3 g/m2 q 12 h for 6 days) 2 patients got additional 20 mg/m2 doxorubicin on days 7 to 9. According to this treatment, in 5 of the 10 patients complete remissions could be achieved. Without further treatment 3 patients relapsed after 4, 7 and 15 months leading to death in 2 or 3 months. 19 months after treatment 1 patient is in complete remission, though demonstrating meningosis leukaemica 5 months after high dose cytarabin. Another patient relapsed 14 months after high dose cytarabin, reaching another complete remission after treatment according to a ALL/AUL protocol [7]. 2 patients died in bone marrow aplasia and 2 patients did not show any response, dying 11 months after high dose cytarabin application. All patients demonstrated vomiting, nausea, diarrhea and allopecia. Bone marrow was profoundly depressed in all patients with severe granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia for periods from 7 to 34 days. 3 to 5 days after the end of high dose cytarabin therapy 3 patients developed acute ceratitis and 2 patients conjunctivitis. 3 patients showed erythrodermia of their skin with epidermolysis in 2 of these patients.
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PMID:[High-dose cytarabine treatment: a promising therapy modality in acute resistant myeloid leukemias in recurrence]. 388 15

A phase I trial of diglycoaldehyde (Inox) in children with leukemia established that the maximum tolerated dose of a 5-day schedule was 1.5 g/m2/day. A phase II study was undertaken by the Children's Cancer Study Group to evaluate the efficacy of this dose. Forty-seven children with acute leukemia refractory to conventional forms of therapy were entered in the study: 29 patients with acute lymphocyte leukemia/acute undifferentiated leukemia and 18 with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. Inox was administered at a dose of 1.5 g/m2 as a 4-6 hour iv infusion daily for 5 days every 14 days. Toxic effects included myelosuppression, proteinuria, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, local tissue reactions, hypocalcemia, transitory serum amylase elevation, and transitory hypotension. There was one life-threatening episode of drug-related renal toxicity. Of the 27 patients who received a minimum of two courses, partial remissions were observed in two patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. Inox was inactive against advanced acute lymphocytic leukemia.
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PMID:Phase II evaluation of diglycoaldehyde (Inox) in children with acute leukemia: a children's cancer study group report. 742 52

The efficiency and toxicity of treatment regimens for nonintensive cytoreduction in 57 outpatients with refractory acute leukemia (mean age 56 years, 51 AML, six ALL/AUL) were retrospectively studied. Seventeen patients received one treatment regimen, 19 patients two treatment regimens, and 21 patients three or more treatment regimens. The treatment regimens analyzed were 6-thioguanine p.o. (daily) (T), 6-thioguanine p.o. (4-7 days/week) + cytarabine s.c./i.v. (once a week) (T+C), 6-mercaptopurine p.o. (daily) (MP), 6-mercaptopurine p.o. (daily) + methotrexate p.o./i.v. (once a week) (MP+MTX), etoposide p.o. (daily) (E), and mitoxantrone i.v. (M). The median leukocyte count was higher for M (73 x 10(9)/l) than for the other treatment regimens (T: 27 x 10(9)/l, T+ C: 37 x 10(9)/l, MP: 24 x 10(9)/l, MP + MTX: 30 x 10(9)/l, E: 31 x 10(9)/l). A cytoreduction >50% in the peripheral blood was achieved by T in 11/19, by T+C in 7/11, by MP in 5/8, by MP+MTX in 3/6, by E in 3/4, and by M in 16/22 patients. The period of cytoreduction was regarded as the duration of response - T: median 53 days, range 5-98; T+C: median 61 days, range 14-226; MP: median 37 days, range 4-192; MP + MTX: median 58 days, range 36-59; E: median 121 days, range 26-159; M: median 39 days, range 8-78. T and T + C were well tolerated by all but three patients (stomatitis, diarrhea, WHO grade 2). MP was accompanied by a rise of transaminases (WHO 1-3) in 5/6 patients. E led to stomatitis (WHO 1,2) in 4/5 and M to nausea/vomiting (WHO 1,2) in 5/22 and to stomatitis (WHO 2) in 4/22 cases. The mean survival time after start of palliative cytoreduction was 16 weeks (2-65). In summary, 6-thioguanine +/- cytarabine was best tolerated with effective but in oral monotherapy - often protracted cytoreduction in 60% of patients. Mitoxantrone showed tolerable side effects and potent cytoreduction in 73% of patients even after ineffective palliative pretreatment. Palliative cytoreductive therapy does not reduce the quality of life and can prevent complications of significant leukocytosis in refractory acute leukemia.
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PMID:Palliative cytoreduction in refractory acute leukemia: a retrospective study of 57 adult patients. 1080 35