Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical efficacy and safety of TS-1 therapy were studied retrospectively in patients with inoperable and recurrent gastric cancer. The subjects were 45 patients who were treated with TS-1 for more than 4 weeks at our center between May 1999 and July 2002. The objective overall response rate was 32% (14/44; 95% confidence interval, CI, 19-48). The response rate in the chemo-naive patients was 44% (11/25; 95% CI, 24-65), and that in the patients with previous chemotherapy was 16% (3/19; 95% CI, 3.4-40). Although doses or durations of TS-1 administration were reduced in 22 patients (reduction group) due to adverse effects or poor performance status, they achieved a fairly high response rate of 38% (8/21). For primary lesions, the response rate was 30% (8/27). The prevalence of adverse reactions with a grade of 3 or 4 was 36%. However, the prevalence of each grade 3 or 4 adverse effect was relatively low, at 13% for neutropenia, and around 5% for anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The median administration period was 10 weeks (4-47 weeks) in all patients and 11 weeks (6-47 weeks) in the reduction group. The relative dose intensity was 0.89 in all patients and 0.81 in the reduction group. In patients who were treated until August 2001, the median survival time (MST) was 13 months with 1-year and 2-year survival rates of 53% and 14%, respectively. These results were similar to those reported in the phase II study for the new drug approval. This study demonstrated the reproducible activity and safety of TS-1 in practice.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical study of TS-1 therapy for inoperable and recurrent gastric cancer]. 1272 79

The quality of life (QOL) of patients with advanced or recurrent gastric cancer is poor and their immunocompetence is low, making it important to conduct chemotherapy while at the same time improving their QOL and maintaining their immunocompetence. To improve QOL and increase compliance by reducing the side effects but not the antitumor effect of TS-1, a 2-week regime with 2-week administration of TS-1, and a 1-week drug-free interval in combination with the immunotherapeutic agent lentinan (LNT) was started in 5 patients with advanced or recurrent gastric cancer. Toxicity, efficacy, QOL, and immunological parameters were investigated preliminarily to examine whether or not usefulness of lentinan could be evaluated. QOL scores for appetite, nausea/vomiting, and abdominal pain/diarrhea showed improvement, although not in statistically significant values. The Th2 (CD4-positive, IL4-positive T cells) response in peripheral blood decreased significantly. TS-1 and lentinan combination immunotherapy was carried out safely with advanced recurrent gastric cancer. In order to examine the usefulness of LNT combined use, it was thought that a randomised trial using toxicity with not only efficacy but QOL and immunological parameters as indicators would be beneficial.
 ...
PMID:[Usefulness of TS-1 and lentinan combination immunochemotherapy in advanced or recurrent gastric cancer--pilot study aiming at a randomized trial]. 1293 67

TS-1, an anticancer, antimetabolis agent, has shown clinically superior antitumor activity against unresectable advanced or recurrent gastric cancer (UARG). A biological response modifier, lentinan (LNT) prolonged the survival period of patients with UARG when combined with tegafur (FT). To assess the efficacy, the safety and prognostic factors of chemo-immunotherapy using TS-1, a FT derivative, and LNT, we conducted a multi-institutional pilot study in patients with UARG. Patients were treated with TS-1 at 80 mg/m2/day (bid) for 4-weeks, and LNT was given at 2 mg/body (i.v.) in a week, followed by a 2-week rest for 4 cycles. Twenty-two patients were entered from 4 institutes and 19 patients were eligible. The median survival time in eligible patients was 400 days. The incidence of hematological toxicity (grade 2 leukopenia), and non-hematological toxicity (grade 3 nausea or fatigue) was 5.3% (1/19) and no grade 4 toxicity was observed. The response ratio was 37.5% in 8 patients who had been administered the planned dose of TS-1. In subset analyses, the survival period of the patients with normal (< 500 micrograms/ml) serum immunosuppressive acidic protein level was significantly (p < 0.0001) better than that of the higher one. The survival period for those patients whose granulocytes/lymphocytes ratio was not more than 2 tended to be better. From the prolonged survival periods, chemo-immunotherapy using TS-1 combined with LNT would seem to have a benefit against UARG, and reduced toxicity. Future clinical trials are warranted to confirm its potency.
 ...
PMID:[Pilot study of TS-1 combined with lentinan in patients with unresectable or recurrent advanced gastric cancer]. 1451 8

We report 2 patients with recurrent gastric cancer treated by combined chemotherapy of TS-1 and low-dose cis-platinum (TS-1/LCDDP). Who both obtained long-term survival while maintaining good QOL. Case 1: A 60-year-old man underwent total gastrectomy for gastric cancer (pT3, pN2, Stage III B). Three months after surgery, multiple liver metastases were identified, for which TS-1/LCDDP therapy (TS-1 100 mg/body/day, CDDP 10 mg/body/week; 1 course for 4 weeks) was started without hospitalization. After CR was obtained after 4 courses, an additional 4 courses were carried out. At present, 1 year and 11 months have passed since the initial treatment, and CR has been maintained. Regarding adverse events, only grade-1 pigmentation was observed. Case 2: A 65-year-old man with gastric cancer (pT3, pN1, Stage III A) underwent distal gastrectomy. One year after surgery, CT showed both multiple liver and pulmonary metastases. Twelve courses of TS-1/LCDDP therapy have been carried out for 2 years and 4 months. Therapeutic effect was NC, but the patient was able to tolerate the treatments as an outpatient without any subjective symptoms. Leukopenia (grade 2), pigmentation, stomatitis and nausea (grade 1) were observed. Both patients received TS-1/LCDDP therapy as outpatients with good QOL and performance status (0). Recently, chemotherapy for recurrent cancer has been focusing on long-term survival and maintenance of QOL, instead of tumor shrinkage. These results suggest that TS-1/LCDDP treatment is useful as a first-line chemotherapy for patients with recurrent gastric cancer.
 ...
PMID:[Two cases of recurrent gastric cancer treated by combined chemotherapy of TS-1 and low-dose cis-platinum]. 1517 Sep 89

The patient was a 63-year-old man who underwent distal gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis and peritoneal dissemination. One year and eleven months after the operation,an increasing CA 19-9 concentration and metastases to the liver and peritoneum were observed. Oral TS-1 was given, but had to be discontinued because of anorexia and nausea. Chemotherapy consisting of paclitaxel (PTX) and CDDP was performed. PTX (80 mg/body) was administered weekly on day 1, 8 and 15, while CDDP (50 mg/body) was administered weekly on day 1 as one cycle. After two cycles of PTX/CDDP administration,metastases to the liver and peritoneum were not detected. The patient was treated with five courses of PTX/CDDP and survived without recurrence as of this writing. PTX/CDDP was associated with few adverse events in hospital visits, and thought to be an effective chemotherapy against recurrent gastric cancer.
 ...
PMID:[A case of recurrent gastric cancer effectively treated by combined chemotherapy of weekly paclitaxel (PTX) and CDDP]. 1691 42

A phase I/II study to determine the recommended dose for combination therapy with CPT-11 (irinotecan hydrochloride) and S-1 (tegafur, gimestat and otastat potassium) for advanced or recurrent gastric cancer, and to assess the safety and efficacy of this therapy. In the phase I portion of the study, S-1 was administered from day 1 to 14 at a fixed dose approved in Japan (80 mg/m2/day), and CPT-11 was administered on days 1 and 8, with its dose being escalated to 100 from 80 mg/m2. This regimen was repeated at 3-week intervals. The phase II portion of the study assessed the efficacy and safety of this regimen at the recommended dose determined in the phase I portion of the study. Seven patients were enrolled in the phase I portion of the study. The dose-limiting toxicity was the delay of administration owing to adverse reactions (leucopenia and diarrhea). The maximum tolerated dose of CPT-11 was 100 mg/m2 and the recommended dose was determined to be 80 mg/m2. In the phase II portion of the study, 10 patients with no prior chemotherapy regimen were enrolled. The median number of treatment cycles given was 4.5, the response rate was 20.0% (2/10) in all patients, the tumor control rate stable disease or better response was 60% (6/10) and the mean survival time was 311 days. Major adverse reactions included a decreased hemoglobin level, diarrhea, nausea and anorexia of grade 3 or worse (each occurred in 10% of the patients). Other adverse reactions were slight and well tolerated. The present combination therapy with CPT-11 and S-1 produced a low response rate but a high tumor control rate (stable disease or better response) and slight prolongation of survival time. This is a well-tolerated ambulatory regimen for advanced gastric cancer.
 ...
PMID:Phase I/II study of irinotecan (CPT-11) and S-1 in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. 1741 30

We report a case of recurrent gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination and paraaortic lymph node metastases, successfully treated with weekly administration of paclitaxel. The patient was a 63-year-old man who underwent distal gastrectomy with lymph node dissection for advanced gastric cancer in February 2005. After the operation, adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 was started and continued. He complained of abdominal distention, anorexia and nausea in April 2006. Therefore, paclitaxel (PTX) was administered at a dose of 60 mg/m(2)/day for 3 weeks followed by a week rest. Clinical symptoms were relieved, and abdominal X-ray findings showing intestinal obstruction disappeared after 2 courses. CT scan revealed metastatic lymph nodes were reduced after 3 courses. Grade 1 peripheral neuropathy and grade 2 leukocytopenia were noted, but no serious adverse reaction appeared. Weekly administration of PTX may be a promising regimen as second-line chemotherapy for S-1-resistant recurrent gastric cancer.
 ...
PMID:[A case of S-1-resistant recurrent gastric cancer successfully treated with weekly administration of paclitaxel]. 1763 49

Advanced or metastatic gastric cancer, which is one of the most common malignancies in Korea, is difficult to cure by surgery alone and generally requires combination chemotherapy. Paclitaxel is active against gastric cancer and when combined with 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin and/or cisplatin is effective in the treatment of gastric cancer. We attempted to determine the effect and safety with the combination of paclitaxel with split cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin in advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. Patients with histologically-proven locally advanced/metastatic or recurrent gastric cancer with an ECOG performance status 0-2 were enrolled. The patients received 135 mg/m(2) of paclitaxel as a 3-h intravenous infusion on day 1 and 5-fluorouracil (1200 mg/m(2)) plus leucovorin (20 mg/m(2)) as an intravenous infusion over 12 h plus cisplatin (30 mg/m(2)) by continuous intravenous infusion on days 1-3, every 21 days. Between September 2003 and April 2005, 30 patients (26 evaluable patients) with a median age of 57 years (range 34-74) were enrolled and underwent 111 completed treatment cycles (a median of 3 cycles per patient). Of the evaluable patients, 12 patients showed a partial response and 8 patients had stable disease. The overall response rate was 46.2%. The median progression-free survival was 5.6 months (95% CI. 3.76-7.4 months), and the median overall survival was 9.6 months (95% CI. 6.67-12.47 months). The hematologic and non-hematologic toxicities were tolerable. The grade III and IV hematologic toxicities were anemia (6.8%) and neutropenia (2.6%). Febrile neutropenia was observed in 1 patients and 1 cycle. Other hematologic toxicities and grade III and IV non-hematologic toxicities, except nausea (66.7%) and vomiting (33.3%) were uncommon and not severe. TPFL combination chemotherapy is effective and tolerable with acceptable toxicities in patients with advanced/metastatic, recurrent gastric cancer.
 ...
PMID:Phase II study of the paclitaxel, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin (TPFL) regimen in the treatment of advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. 1914 31

The combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (CDDP) has been reported to be active against metastatic gastric cancer (MGC) and great synergy has been shown in vivo and in vitro when 5-FU precedes CDDP. The sequential combination of S-1 (tegafur, oxonic acid, 5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxypyridine) followed by CDDP for MGC was investigated. A phase I trial applying increasing doses of oral administration of S-1 (65-80 mg/m(2)) for 21 days and increasing doses of CDDP (60-80 mg/m(2)) on day 22 every 35 days was conducted in order to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended phase II dose. Patients with metastatic or recurrent gastric cancer, no prior chemotherapy, measurable disease, ECOG performance status less than 3 and adequate organ functions were eligible for the study. Three patients were treated at each dose level with escalation based on toxicity. Fifteen patients were included and evaluated for dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) and MTD. DLT included NCICTC grade 3 anorexia and fatigue in patients treated at S-1 80 mg/m(2) and CDDP 80 mg/m(2) (dose level 5). The other toxicities, grade 3 or higher, included neutropenia (grade 3) and nausea/vomiting (grade 3). Non-hematological toxicities were grade 1/2 and included diarrhea, nausea and stomatitis. There was no treatment-related mortality. Therefore, the recommended dose was a combination of S-1 at 80 mg/m(2) and CDDP at 70 mg/m(2). This sequential administration of S-1 and CDDP every 35 days is tolerable and warrants a phase II trial. A multicenter phase II study is currently under way.
 ...
PMID:Phase I study of the sequential administration of S-1 and cisplatin for metastatic gastric cancer. 1944 94

In patients with carcinomatous peritonitis caused by the invasion and peritoneal dissemination of gastrointestinal cancer, disease progression can trigger complications such as ileus, ascites, and hydronephrosis.Anorexia, impaired oral intake, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, abdominal bloating, anuria, and other symptoms can develop, negatively affecting patients' general condition and quality of life.The treatment of carcinomatous peritonitis is an important determinant of outcomes, but the guidelines for its diagnosis, the evaluation of its response to chemotherapy, and the question of which standard therapy to apply remain unestablished.In recent years, however, clinical trials have attempted to evaluate the benefits of systemic chemotherapy and the intraperitoneal administration of drugs such as cisplatin and paclitaxel in patients with advanced or recurrent gastric cancer who have peritoneal dissemination.In the field of palliative therapy, octreotide has been approved in Japan for the amelioration of symptoms associated with gastrointestinal obstruction.Such treatment is expected to contribute substantially to improving patients' quality of life.
 ...
PMID:[Treatment of ileus and carcinomatous peritonitis]. 2150 72


<< Previous 1 2 3 Next >>