Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this report, we present a 63-year-old woman who had limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis and subsequently developed typical primary biliary cirrhosis after an acute myocardial infarction. The patient initially developed Raynaud's phenomenon, and 4 years later visited the clinic in 1994 complaining of abdominal distress, xerostomia, and xerophthalmia. A diagnosis of limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis was based on Raynaud's phenomenon, sclerodactyly and anti-centromere antibodies. She was also found to have anti-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor 3 (IP(3)R3) antibodies, but anti-mitochondrial antibodies were only weakly positive. Seven years later, she developed vertigo and nausea, and was hospitalized due to complaints of an oppressive sensation of the anterior chest. Electrocardiogram results showed a reduction of R waves and ST segment elevation in II, III, and aVf leads. Coronary angiography showed 99% obstruction of the left anterior descending artery and 50% of stenosis of the right coronary artery. Three years later, the patient was noted to have anti-mitochondrial antibodies. Retrospective analysis of the patient's sera showed that IP(3)R3 antibodies were decreasing. Since myocardium is particularly rich in mitochondria, it is thought that myocardial infarction may have been the triggering event that initiated antigen-presenting cells to selectively induce an anti-mitochondrial antibody response.
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PMID:A case of limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis developing anti-mitochondria antibody positive primary biliary cirrhosis after acute myocardial infarction. 1713 Oct 37

Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are drugs commonly prescribed in dental practice for the management of pain and swelling. Of these substances, paracetamol and ibuprofen are the most widely used. Their mechanism of action is based on the inhibition of cyclooxygenase, and therefore of prostaglandin synthesis. All of these drugs present a similar mechanism of action, as a result of which their side effects are also similar. The most frequent range from mild (e.g., nausea or vomiting) to serious gastric problems (such as gastric bleeding or perforation). Other side effects include an increased risk of vascular accidents (particularly acute myocardial infarction), renal toxicity secondary to a decrease in perfusion, and the risk of abnormal bleeding tendency due to the antiplatelet effect of these drugs. Their use is contraindicated in the third trimester of pregnancy, due to the induction of premature ductus arteriosus closure. The present study reviews the information currently available on NSAIDs, with special emphasis on those aspects related to dental practice.
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PMID:Use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in dental practice. A review. 1719 21

Although cardiovascular mortality for men has been declining, the number of women dying from cardiovascular disease has slightly increased. Differences between women and men have been identified throughout the entire spectrum of ischemic heart disease, from risk factors to presentation and from diagnosis to treatment and outcomes. In the setting of an acute coronary syndrome or acute myocardial infarction, women are significantly more likely than men to report multiple non-chest pain symptoms, including dyspnea, nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain, back pain, neck pain, and jaw pain. Investigations into the pathophysiology of ischemic heart disease in women have broken away from the traditional thinking that coronary artery disease simply equals epicardial stenosis. In women, the new paradigm of coronary artery disease also focuses on diffuse atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, and microvascular disease. Further research focusing on sex differences in cardiovascular disease is needed, but enough is currently known to offer a sex-based approach, which may ultimately lead to improved outcomes.
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PMID:Ischemic heart disease in women: an appropriate time to discriminate. 1760 24

Ventricular free wall rupture is a devastating complication of acute myocardial infarction. It occurs in 15-25% of fatal cases. However, the overall incidence in acute MI cases is about 2%. [1] Clinical markers suggesting free wall rupture include pulseless electrical activity in a first MI, and pericardial tamponade. Subacute rupture takes hours or days to develop, and is suggested clinically by pericardial pain, transient hypotension, nausea, restlessness and agitation. [2, 3] When the diagnosis is established by pericardiocentesis or echocardiography, surgical patch repairs are possible, using standard or even sutureless technique. [4] The long term course of survivors of free wall rupture repair has not been extensively reported. There are scattered reports in the literature of survival up to eight years. [5, 3] We report herein a case of a status freewall rupture from an inferior-posterior wall myocardial infarction with survival of ten years after surgical repair. We believe this to be the longest survival thus far reported in the literature.
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PMID:Ventricular free wall rupture: ten year survival after surgical repair. 1894 90

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC), or "broken heart syndrome", is an increasingly recognized condition that mimics acute myocardial infarction with morphologically characteristic left ventricular dysfunction in the absence of coronary artery disease. TC is seen almost exclusively in postmenopausal women following extreme emotional or physiologic stress. Although most patients present with chest pain, limited data suggest that African American patients with TC tend to present with atypical symptoms such as dyspnea or nausea. We present a 57 year-old African American female with TC who presented with severe dyspnea following the shooting death of her son. Added to existing data, our case alerts clinicians to consider Takotsubo syndrome in African American patients with atypical presentation.
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PMID:Takotsubo cardiomyopathy presenting with dyspnea. 1930 82

To determine whether the incidence of nausea and vomiting in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) varies with infarct location, we studied 180 patients who had been admitted to our hospital for ST-segment elevation AMI or AMI associated with left bundle branch block. The presenting symptoms (chest pain, nausea, and vomiting), initial electrocardiographic findings, and additional demographic, clinical, laboratory, and outcome data were extracted from the medical records and correlated with the infarct location. Of the 180 patients with AMI, 108 (60%) had inferior and 72 (40%) had anterior infarcts. Nausea was reported in almost 2/3 of all patients, and vomiting in nearly 1/3. Both nausea and vomiting showed a trend toward a greater incidence in patients with inferior than with anterior infarcts (69% vs 56% and 33% vs 26%, respectively). However, the differences were not statistically significant. In conclusion, nausea and vomiting are common presenting symptoms in patients with either inferior or anterior wall AMI, but their frequency is unrelated to the infarct location.
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PMID:Relation of nausea and vomiting in acute myocardial infarction to location of the infarct. 2244 79

We report a case of a 53-year-old man with acute myocardial infarction complicated on the 5th day of hospitalisation by systemic arterial embolism and renal infarction secondary to left ventricle thrombus. Clinical manifestations included: acute onset, nausea, vomiting, abdomen and flank pain. The diagnosis was confirmed by imaging findings: echocardiography and angio-CT performed during hospitalisation. Pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, prognosis and treatment of left ventricular thrombus and arterial embolism as a complication of myocardial infarction have been discussed.
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PMID:[Systemic embolism in a course of acute myocardial infarction in a patient with left ventricular thrombus]. 2049 Oct 24

Many studies have examined gender-related differences in symptoms of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, findings have been inconsistent, largely because of different study populations and different methods of symptom assessment and data analysis. This study was based on 568 women and 1,710 men 25 to 74 years old hospitalized with a first-ever AMI from January 2001 through December 2006 recruited from a population-based AMI registry. Occurrence of 13 AMI symptoms was recorded using standardized patient interview. After controlling for age, migration status, body mass index, smoking, some co-morbidities including diabetes, and type and location of AMI through logistic regression modeling, women were significantly more likely to complain of pain in the left shoulder/arm/hand (odds ratio [OR] 1.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10 to 1.69), pain in the throat/jaw (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.43 to 2.21), pain in the upper abdomen (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.91), pain between the shoulder blades (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.78 to 2.77), vomiting (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.67 to 2.97), nausea (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.56 to 2.39), dyspnea (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.78), fear of death (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.73 to 2.72), and dizziness (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.91) than men. Furthermore, women were more likely to report >4 symptoms (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.72 to 2.66). No significant gender differences were found in chest pain, feelings of pressure or tightness, diaphoresis, pain in the right shoulder/arm/hand, and syncope. In conclusion, women and men did not differ regarding the chief AMI symptoms of chest pain or feelings of tightness or pressure and diaphoresis. However, women were more likely to have additional symptoms.
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PMID:Sex differences in patient-reported symptoms associated with myocardial infarction (from the population-based MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry). 2142 56

Biventricular takotsubo cardiomyopathy is associated with more hemodynamic instability than is isolated left ventricular takotsubo cardiomyopathy; medical management is more invasive and the course of hospitalization is longer. In March 2011, a 62-year-old woman presented at our emergency department with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. On hospital day 2, she experienced chest pain. An electrocardiogram and cardiac enzyme levels suggested an acute myocardial infarction. She underwent cardiac angiography and was found to have severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction involving the mid and apical segments, which resulted in a left ventricular ejection fraction of 0.10 to 0.15 in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease. Her hospital course was complicated by cardiogenic shock that required hemodynamic support with an intra-aortic balloon pump and dobutamine. A transthoracic echocardiogram revealed akinesis of the mid-to-distal segments of the left ventricle and mid-to-apical dyskinesis of the right ventricular free wall characteristic of biventricular takotsubo cardiomyopathy. After several days of medical management, the patient was discharged from the hospital in stable condition. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review of the literature on biventricular takotsubo cardiomyopathy that compares its hemodynamic instability and medical management requirements with those of isolated left ventricular takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Herein, we discuss the case of our patient, review the pertinent medical literature, and convey the prevalence and importance of right ventricular involvement in patients with takotsubo cardiomyopathy.
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PMID:Biventricular takotsubo cardiomyopathy: case study and review of literature. 2391 28

Papillary muscle rupture is a rare but potentially lethal complication of acute myocardial infarction. We report a 77-year-old man who presented to the emergency department with dyspnea and nausea and acute onset of severe back pain 3 days earlier. Owing to rapid deterioration of his hemodynamic and respiratory situation, the patient was immediately transferred to the intensive care unit. Intubation and catecholamine support became necessary to stabilize hemodynamics. Echocardiography revealed severe mitral regurgitation due to a complete rupture of the posterior papillary muscle. Despite treatment extension to intraaortic balloon counterpulsation, the patient continued to be in cardiogenic shock. Because the patient was rejected for surgical intervention, he underwent successful emergency MitraClip (Abbott Vascular, Santa Clara, CA) implantation and was discharged from hospital in good clinical condition. This report suggests that MitraClip implantation is a safe and effective alternative treatment option in this devastating disorder.
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PMID:MitraClip implantation after acute ischemic papillary muscle rupture in a patient with prolonged cardiogenic shock. 2563 43


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