Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The central and peripheral vascular haemodynamic effects of glucagon were studied in 29 patients. With a single dose method of 2 or 5 mg. glucagon intravenously the inotropic action of the drug produced immediate increased myocardial contractility with significant increase in cardiac output and enhanced cardiac performance, and lowering of pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance. No primary peripheral vascular effect was evident, and the increased systemic pressure and lowered systemic resistance appear to be secondary to the central action of the drug. With the dosage used there were no undesirable side-effects apart from a feeling of slight nausea. Though the haemodynamic effects are abrupt, reaching their maximum values in the first 10 minutes after injection, they tend to be dissipated within half an hour, presumably due to the very rapid destruction of the drug. Repeated booster doses rather than continuous infusion may be the method of choice to maintain an increased cardiac output. The positive chronotropic action of the drug may cause transient palpitations. Glucagon increased the cardiac output in the acute phase of myocardial infarction by 42 per cent. The haemodynamic effects in chronic rheumatic heart disease are more varied, and it may increase left atrial pressure in mitral stenosis, which is undesirable. Hyperglycaemia results from liver glycogenolysis but blood sugar levels rarely exceeded 200 mg./100 ml. These results warrant further study of the value of glucagon as a positive inotropic agent in low output heart failure, especially in acute myocardial infarction with cardiogenic shock, or after cardiac surgery, or in unrelieved chronic congestive heart failure.
 ...
PMID:Haemodynamic effects of glucagon. 542 74

In a randomized double-blind study with flexible dosage, morphine, nicomorphine and pethidine were compared with regard to analgetic effect, dose requirements, dose intervals and adverse reactions. A total of 275 patients were included, and 28 patients were excluded due to adverse reactions (n = 16) and for practical reasons, etc. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was diagnosed in about 60% of the patients, and about 30% had ischemic heart disease without AMI. All three analgesics provided equally efficient pain relief in relative doses of morphine 10, nicomorphine 10 and pethidine 75 mg/ml. Severe adverse reactions were few (allergy 3 cases, respiratory insufficiency 4, severe bradycardia 4), whereas nausea was recorded in 20-30%, vomiting in 5-15% and dizziness in 10-30% of the patients, with no difference between the three drugs. Significant blood pressure drop (greater than 30 mmHg) was seen in 3-8% of the patients, with no significant differences between the drugs.
 ...
PMID:Analgetic treatment in acute myocardial infarction. A controlled clinical comparison of morphine, nicomorphine and pethidine. 637 74

Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) has been shown to limit infarct size, improve coronary blood flow, inhibit platelet aggregation, and reduce both left ventricular (LV) preload and afterload in experimental animals. Its use in the therapy of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and congestive heart failure (CHF) has not, however, been reported. Five patients with AMI of less than 12 hours' duration and LV dysfunction were studied to assess the hemodynamic effects of IV infusion of PGE1. PGE1 in the concentration of 0.4 microgram/ml was infused at a rate of 0.003 microgram2kg/min (3 ng . kg-1 . min-1) to a maximum rate of 0.021 microgram/kg/min (21 ng . kg-1 . min-1) for a total time of up to 90 minutes. There was an insignificant increase in heart rate, with significant decreases in mean arterial blood pressure and systemic vascular resistance. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure declined from 21 +/- 3 to 15 +/ 1 mm Hg (p less than 0.05), mean pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance decreased (p less than 0.05), mean pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance decreased (p less than 0.05), with increases in cardiac index from 2.38 +/- 0.08 to 2.89 +/- 0.58 L/min/m2 (p less than 0.01) and stroke volume from 51 +/- 17 to 59 +/- 20 ml/beat (p less than 0.05). No major cardiac or extracardiac side effects were encountered during PGE1 infusion. One patient had transient nausea which did not require discontinuation of the drug. PGE1 is an effective vasodilator and deserves further application in therapy for AMI patients with CHF.
 ...
PMID:Hemodynamic effects of prostaglandin E1 infusion in patients with acute myocardial infarction and left ventricular failure. 719 15

During the years 1986 to 1990, an increasing number of cases of acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning were encountered in the Emergency Department Hacettepe University Hospital in Ankara, Turkey. Between January 1 and March 31, 1991, all the patients presenting with complaints compatible with CO poisoning were evaluated; the diagnosis was confirmed in 55 of the 5795 people who attended the Emergency Department during this period. In all cases the source of CO intoxication was determined. Among these patients, nausea or vomiting and headaches were the most common complaints (occurring in 100% and 85%, respectively). At least transient impairment of alertness was observed in 29% of cases. The carboxyhaemoglobin levels ranged from 3.80 to 48.1% (median 14.2%). Two comatose patients who developed a non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema required mechanical ventilation. One of them was discharged from the hospital with mild cerebral disability. Another patient developed an acute myocardial infarction. In all the cases in this series, the source of CO poisoning was identified as improper combustion of recently marketed steam coal in inadequately ventilated bucket stoves.
 ...
PMID:Carbon monoxide poisoning related to the use of steam coal in poorly ventilated bucket stoves. 942 89

A retrospective observational study using database registry of consecutive patients admitted to 16 King County hospital Coronary Care Units (CCU) was conducted to assess gender differences in symptom presentation for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and investigate how symptom presentation relates to prehospital delay time interval from acute symptom onset to emergency department (ED) presentation. Between January 1991 and February 1993, 4,497 patients were admitted to the CCUs with diagnosed AMI. Accredited record technicians abstracted age, gender, race, transport method, symptom presentation (chest pain, sweating, nausea, shortness of breath, epigastric pain, and fainting), delay time interval between acute symptom onset and presentation to hospital ED, and discharge diagnosis from the patients' medical records. After adjusting for age and history of diabetes, no gender differences remained for frequencies of chest pain, fainting, or epigastric pain. Women reported more nausea and shortness of breath but less sweating than men as symptoms of AMI. Chest pain, sweating, and fainting were associated with decreasing delay time intervals. Age, gender, histories of AMI and diabetes, and transport choice were also significantly related to delay time interval. These results show that gender differences occur in AMI symptom experience. However, how symptoms relate to the gender gap in delay time interval is not clear. These findings suggest that health care professionals need to tailor information about possible symptoms of AMI to the patient's gender, age, and medical history.
 ...
PMID:Gender differences in reported symptoms for acute myocardial infarction: impact on prehospital delay time interval. 1045 54

Many previous studies have shown that there is a gender difference in terms of the use of diagnostic procedures and the treatment of patients with chest pain. The mechanisms behind these observations are less well described. This survey describes gender differences in the aetiology of chest pain and symptoms associated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Among the patients with symptoms of acute chest pain, in the emergency medical department women less frequently develop an AMI and are less frequently given a diagnosis of ischaemic heart disease. Among patients developing an AMI, women differ from men by less frequently reporting chest pain, more frequently reporting nausea, vomiting, abdominal complaints, fatigue and dyspnoea and less frequently reporting sweating. With regard to the localization of pain in AMI, women differ from men by more frequently reporting pain in the back, neck and jaw. In terms of electrocardiographic changes, women seem to have less marked ST deviations than men. However, we do not believe that these differences between women and men are substantial enough and, as a result, we do not recommend that the initial medical care of patients seeking medical attention with chest pain or other symptoms raising a suspicion of AMI should be differentiated with regard to gender. The differences described here might partly explain the prolonged delay until hospital admission in women suffering from AMI.
 ...
PMID:Is there a gender difference in aetiology of chest pain and symptoms associated with acute myocardial infarction? 1064 19

Recognizing similarities and differences in symptom experiences of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) between men and women has implications for both health care providers and the general public. Rapid accurate diagnosis is necessary to implement timely lifesaving treatment. The purpose of this article is to critically review and evaluate studies that have compared symptoms of AMI between men and women. Research to date has demonstrated that during AMI, women are more likely than men to report shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, back pain, jaw pain, neck pain, cough, and fatigue, but less likely than men to report chest pain and sweating. However, the findings were inconsistent across studies. These inconsistent findings could be attributable to methodological issues such as collecting data from medical records, small sample sizes, and controversial eligibility criteria for studies. More studies are needed to confirm gender differences in symptom experiences of AMI.
 ...
PMID:Gender differences in symptoms associated with acute myocardial infarction: a review of the research. 1602 43

Honey intoxication, a kind of food poisoning, can be seen in the Black Sea region of Turkey and in various other parts of the world as well. In this study, 66 patients were hospitalized with a variety of symptoms including nausea, vomiting, salivation, dizziness, weakness, hypotension, bradycardia and syncope several hours after the ingestion of small amounts of honey. All patients had hypotension, and majority had bradycardia. These features resolved completely in 24 h with i.v. fluids and atropine, and none died. In conclusion, honey poisoning should be taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and in the patients with vomiting, hypotension and bradycardia.
 ...
PMID:Hypotension, bradycardia and syncope caused by honey poisoning. 1645 36

The purpose of this study was to compare symptom presentation and illness behavior among women and men with acute myocardial infarction and assess various aspects that influence prehospital delay. This is a cross-sectional, retrospective study using self-reported questionnaires. The sample consisted of 82 women and men in Norway, up to 65 years of age, with first-time acute myocardial infarction between March and October 1999. The findings demonstrated that the most commonly reported symptom in both genders was chest pain. More than 90% of women and men experienced chest pain, with no difference between the genders. More women than men had nausea as well as pain located in their arms, back, jaw, and throat. More men than women attributed their symptoms to be cardiac in origin. Experiencing pain in the shoulders, attributing symptoms to be noncardiac, consulting a family member, and contacting several medical practitioners increased prehospital delay. During the year before the event, women were more likely to experience fatigue than men. The conclusion of this study is that women experienced a greater diversity of symptoms than men. Acute symptoms, interpretation of symptoms, and illness behavior may influence prehospital delay.
 ...
PMID:Are there gender differences related to symptoms of acute myocardial infarction? A Norwegian perspective. 1652 64

A secondary analysis was conducted from data gathered from 239 patients with acute myocardial infarction presenting to the emergency departments of three hospitals to explore the influence of age on delay time, experienced symptoms, and factors predicting a delay of >1 hour. During hospitalization, a structured interview about the patients' experience before hospital admission was completed and their medical records were reviewed. The median delay before seeking treatment was not significantly different between older (2.5 hours) and younger patients (2.1 hours). Older patients were significantly less likely to report classic pain in the center of the chest and other associated symptoms such as sweating and nausea; they also used fewer words to describe their discomfort compared with younger patients. Independent predictors of longer delay were: contacted physician, lacked similarity between experienced and expected symptoms, did not use 911 (older adults), lived alone, and contacted physician (younger adults). Primary care providers need to be aware that elderly persons are more likely to have mild or ambiguous acute myocardial infarction symptoms and education is needed for elderly persons regarding not only acute myocardial infarction symptoms but also rapid, action-centered decisions to attribute symptoms to heart problems and initiate ambulance use.
 ...
PMID:The influence of age on acute myocardial infarction symptoms and patient delay in seeking treatment. 1652 65


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 Next >>