Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred and nine adult patients with metastatic carcinoma were treated at 3-4-week intervas with a combination of adriamycin (40 mg/m2 given iv on Day 1) and cyclophosphamide (200 mg/m2/day given orally in divided doses on Days 3-6). Ninety-two of 96 patients who had an adequate trial (minumum of two courses or progression of disease after one course) had follow-up observations of tumor sites and were considered evaluable for response. Overall objective response rates by tumor type were as follows: stage III or IV ovarian adenocarcinoma, 61% (14 of 23 patients); endometrial adenocarcinoma, 67% (four of six patients); cervical adenocarcinoma, 33% (one of three patients); prostatic adenocarcinoma, 18% (two of 11 patients); testicular carcinoma, 33% (one of three patients); lung carcinoma, 21% (four of 19 patients); renal adenocarcinoma, 14% (one of seven patients); gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma, 18% (two of 11 patients); melanoma, 25% (one of four patients); and miscellaneous tumors, no responses in five patients. In patients with ovarian adenocarcinoma who had not previously received any cytotoxic chemotherapy the response rate was 80% (12 of 15 patients) with 33% five of 15 patients achieving complete clinical remission. CRs in these patients have now been maintained for periods ranging from 7 to 12 months. The major toxic effects were mild to moderate leukopenia, alopecia, and nausea with vomiting. Hemorrhagic cystitis was observed in three patients. The combination of adriamycin and cyclophosphamide is an effective treatment for carcinoma of the breast (reported elsewhere), ovary, and endometrium and should be considered for initial chemotherapy in patients with these tumors. Further investigations of its use for melanoma and carcinoma of the lung, prostate, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract are also warranted.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy with adriamycin (NSC-123127) and cyclophosphamide (NSC-26271) for solid tumors: a phase II trial. 100 May 20

From 1971 to 1974 89 patients with advanced ovarian cancer (FIGO-stage III-IV), admitted to seven centers of the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK), were randomly allocated to three different treatment schedules: cyclophosphamide (CYT) alone or CYT in combination with either medroxyprogesterone acetate (GEST) or 5-fluorouracil (FU). Results in 71 evaluable patients (according to standardized group criterial) were as follows: 1. The overall remission rate was 48% (34 out of 71 patients) with no clear-cut statistical difference between the three treatment schedules but a firm trend towards higher remission rate with CYT + FU (58% as compared to 42% with CYT alone). 2. The scheduled "second-look" operations were performed in only 5 of 34 patients clinically judged to respond to therapy (PR), and does not allow objective surgical monitoring of therapeutic effects intraabdominally. 3. The median remission duration varied from 3 months (CYT alone) to 6 months (CYT + FU or CYT + GEST), again with only marginal statistical differences. 4. With regard to survival from initiation of chemotherapy, no treatment regimen was superior to another. The median survival ranged from 6.6 months (CYT) to 10.3 months (CYT + GEST). Patients responding to chemo-(hormone) therapy (CR + PR + NC) showed a significant prolongation of survival as compared to those with initial disease progression: median survival in "responders" was 11 months and in "non-responders" 2.9 months. A small group of 8-10% of all treated patients has survived in documented tumor remission for 4 years and more. 5. Toxicity was moderate and consisted mainly of mild temporary hematologic depression, tolerable nausea and transient alopecia, with equal distribution in the three treatment regimens. Hemorrhagic cystitis due to CYT was observed only in 3 cases. 6. Progress in remission induction and duration, as well as survival in advanced ovarian cancer, seems to depend on the inclusion of new effective agents (such as adriamycin, hexamethylmelamine and cisplatinum) and, most probably, on significantly more intensive treatment.
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PMID:[Chemo-(hormonal)-therapy of advanced ovarian neoplasms in FIGO stages III and IV. Prospective SAKK-study 20/71]. 742 63

Treatment with daily oral cyclophosphamide (CY) has improved survival in Wegener's granulomatosis (WG), but is associated with severe and potentially lethal adverse effects. Less toxic treatment regimens, such as pulse CY, have been used, but the effect has been questioned. We have treated 11 patients with WG with pulse CY (15 mg/kg initially every second week, gradually increasing the pulse interval). After 4.5 yr follow-up and a total of 501 pulses of CY, one patient died and eight patients (73%) were in complete remission. Remission was induced in 91% of the patients after a median period of 3.5 months and relapses were seen in 60%. With the same treatment protocol, a new complete remission was induced in 75% of those relapsing. Except for one patient who died, no patient developed end-stage renal failure. Haemorrhagic cystitis was not observed and no malignancies recorded. Severe infections were seen in 36%, but none caused by Pneumocystis carinii. Nausea was the most frequent side-effect, seen in 64% of the patients. We conclude that treatment with pulse CY every second week is safe and effective in inducing remission and treating relapses in WG. The relapse rate seems to be higher than with low-dose oral CY, but the cumulative dose of CY is less.
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PMID:Wegener's granulomatosis: long-term follow-up of patients treated with pulse cyclophosphamide. 966 21