Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The antiarrhythmic effect of oral propafenone was evaluated in 10 patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome presenting with non-ventricular arrhythmias (paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia n = 7, atrial fibrillation or flutter n = 3). The mean age was 38 +/- 13 years, the dose varied from 300 to 900 mg three times a day (mean 450 +/- 188) and the mean follow-up period was 7 +/- 3.5 months. All patients' drug responses were assessed on 12-lead electrocardiograms and 24-hour ambulatory Holter monitoring. Electrophysiologic studies were performed in cases of sustained tachycardia while echocardiography identified 2 cases with mitral valve prolapse. Four of 10 (40%) patients became asymptomatic on a starting propafenone dose of 300 mg, while 6 (60%) had recurrences necessitating an increase in dose for the complete control of the symptoms. We observed a slight slowing of the heart rate and an increase of the mean Q-T interval (P less than 0.001). Three patients reported minor side effects including nausea, dizziness and constipation that were tolerable and dosage dependent. It is concluded that propafenone is an effective and well tolerated drug for the treatment of non-ventricular arrhythmias associated with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
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PMID:Propafenone in the prevention of non-ventricular arrhythmias associated with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. 233 10

Encainide is classified as a type Ic antiarrhythmic agent. Absorption is essentially complete, but bioavailability is variable because of first-pass metabolism. Two metabolic phenotypes, extensive and poor metabolizers, have been identified. O-demethyl encainide and 3-methoxy-O-demethyl encainide are active metabolites of encainide and contribute significantly to its antiarrhythmic effect. In clinical trials, encainide has been shown to be highly effective in suppressing premature ventricular contractions and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. The drug is useful in treating ventricular arrhythmias refractory to other agents. Encainide is also moderately effective in supraventricular arrhythmias involving an accessory pathway. It is highly effective in cases of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, where the accessory pathway has a short refractory period. Common adverse effects of encainide are dizziness, visual disturbances, nausea, and headache. Encainide appears to be a safe and effective antiarrhythmic agent with few adverse effects and negligible hemodynamic effects. Encainide may be a useful agent for ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias, particularly those refractory to other agents.
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PMID:Encainide: a new antiarrhythmic agent. 308 Mar 1

Flecainide acetate is a new orally active antidysrhythmic agent classified in the Ic category. Flecainide is effective in suppressing 88 to 100 percent of abnormal cardiac rhythms in the form of complex ventricular dysrhythmias, including couplets, ventricular tachycardia, reentrant junctional tachycardia, and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Flecainide appears to have a greater effect on conduction than on repolarization and only minimal effects on hemodynamic parameters. Flecainide is rapidly and completely absorbed after oral administration and has a 13-hour elimination half-life, allowing for twice-daily dosing regimens. Flecainide is generally well tolerated, with dizziness, blurred vision, nausea, and headache the most common side effects. Flecainide has been shown to be superior to quinidine and disopyramide in suppressing ventricular ectopic activity and may be considered a first-line oral agent for this indication. It is believe that flecainide has enough therapeutic advantages to be added to drug formularies.
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PMID:Flecainide: a new class Ic antidysrhythmic. 390 29

Over a 10-year period 130 patients with drug-resistant cardiac arrhythmias associated mainly with coronary artery disease and its complications were treated with amiodarone. The drug controlled all the tachyarrhythmias associated with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, 95% of the ventricular arrhythmias, including recurrent ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation, and 92% of the supraventricular arrhythmias. The maximum duration of therapy was 111 months and the mean 34 months. Side effects occurred in 34% of the patients, and there was one withdrawal from therapy per 15.3 patient-years of treatment. The commonest cause of withdrawal was nausea, which was significantly related (p less than 0.01) to a drug interaction with digoxin and diuretics. Reversible neurologic complications occurred in eight patients (6%), and acute myositis was recognized for the first time. Pulmonary infiltration developed in four patients (3%), who were receiving 600 mg of amiodarone per day. The rates of side effects and of withdrawal from therapy differed significantly between the patients whose maintenance doses were 600 and 200 mg/d, at 59% v. 6% (p less than 0.01) and 32% v. 0% (p less than 0.05) respectively. Thus, amiodarone is a very effective antiarrhythmic that can be administered over long periods with acceptable rates of side effects and withdrawal provided the minimal effective dose is used; 400 mg/d or less is desirable.
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PMID:Amiodarone for refractory cardiac arrhythmias: 10-year study. 394 63

Diagnosis of intracranial arterial dissections can be challenging due to the wide spectrum of imaging presentations. High-resolution vessel wall MR imaging can be a useful adjunct to conventional lumen-based imaging techniques for diagnosing arterial dissections. We present a case of a 37-year-old male with a history of a Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome presenting with acute onset of nausea, vertigo, and left body hemisensory loss of pain and temperature. A conventional brain MRI identified an acute infarct in the right lateral medulla, concordant with clinical symptoms of Wallenberg syndrome. CT angiogram of the head and neck showed lack of opacification of the right intradural vertebral artery. Intracranial vessel wall MR imaging showed findings suggestive of an intimal dissection flap with both intramural and intraluminal thrombus. Intracranial vessel wall MR imaging can provide complementary information to conventional lumen-based imaging to diagnose a vertebral dissection.
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PMID:Intracranial vessel wall MR imaging of an intradural vertebral artery dissection. 3258 16