Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The benefits from medical treatment in colorectal cancer are limited. Fluorouracil remains the only recognized drug, and how to treat unresponsive patients is still debated. To evaluate the role of folinic acid (FA) in circumvence resistance in colorectal cancer, 28 patients pretreated with fluoropyrimidine were candidated to receive one of the following schedules: fluorouracil (600 mg/m2) associated with FA (500 mg/m2) weekly for 6 weeks (Regimen A: 21 cases), or fluorouracil (370 mg/m2) plus FA (200 mg/m2) daily for 5 days every 4 weeks (Regimen B: 7 cases). Fourteen patients were pretreated with doxifluridine, a new fluoropyrimidine derivative with a peculiar mechanism of action, and the remaining 14 patients with fluorouracil. All but 2 patients were unresponsive to first-line treatments. When the treatment began, the median age of the patients was 60 years (range, 30-68). The performance status (ECOG) was 0/1 in 25 of them, and the primary tumor was in the colon and rectum in 19 and 9 patients, respectively. Sites of disease were liver (64%), lung (35%), local recurrence (10%) and peritoneum (10%). A median of 3 cycles (range, 1-7) was delivered, and no objective response was observed in the group of patients pretreated with doxifluridine or in the group pretreated with fluorouracil. In 5 cases a significant decrease in baseline CEA values was observed. Therapy was well tolerated, and no grade 4 toxicity was encountered. Severe toxicity was limited and included diarrhea (7 patients), stomatitis (1 patient) and nausea/vomiting (1 patient). High-dose FA has no role in reversing resistance to fluoropyrimidine, and other mechanisms of refractoriness are surely involved. FA should be associated with fluoropyrimidine as first-line therapy together with other biochemical modulators. Further rescue therapies need to be developed.
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PMID:Reversal of resistance to doxifluridine and fluorouracil in metastatic colorectal cancer: the role of high-dose folinic acid. 146 82

A 49-year-old man with liver metastasis from rectal cancer was treated with cisplatin (CDDP) alone. Cisplatin was administered intravenously 3 times at a dose of 50 mg (31 mg/m2). He achieved an excellent PR (94% decrease) as determined by CT scanning, and plasma CEA level decreased from 37 to 2.2 ng/ml. The side effects were nausea, vomiting, and reflux esophagitis, but neither leucopenia nor renal dysfunction was observed. As a result, a radical operation could be undertaken.
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PMID:[A case report of liver metastasis from rectal cancer effectively treated with intravenous infusion of cisplatin alone]. 205 76

Continuous hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy using implantable reservoir was performed for liver metastases from colorectal cancer, and the therapeutic effects, side effects, and complications were evaluated. 9 patients with unresectable liver metastases were as follows, 1. Group A; 3 patients, MMC 2 mg.one shot + 5-FU 250 mg/day.continuous infusion x 14 days, and then 5-FU tablets 150 mg/day.p.o. x 14 days, 2. Group B; 4 patients, MMC 2 mg.one shot + 5-FU 500 mg/day.continuous infusion x 7 days, and then 5-FU tablets 150 mg/day.p.o. x 14 days, 3. Group C; 2 patients, 5-FU 500 mg/day.continuous infusion x 14 days, and then free from agents for 14 days. In 2 of 3 group A patients, the catheters became dislocated and one died of perforation of duodenum. In group A and group B, no severe side effects were noted. But both of group C patients showed nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. In 8 of 9 patients (89%), serum CEA level fell below the preoperative level. In 4 of 7 patients who underwent CT scan, the size of the tumor regressed. Total infused dose of 5-FU was 8.17 +/- 7.56 g in group A, 16.9 +/- 2.88 g in group B, and 21.0 +/- 9.90 g in group C on average. In 2 patients of group B, therapy was repeated seven times.
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PMID:[Continuous hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy using implantable reservoir in liver metastases from colorectal cancer]. 211 7

An autopsied case of primary intracranial squamous cell carcinoma (PISCC) is reported, and 25 previously reported cases of PISCC, followed by the Garcia's criteria, are reviewed. A 72-year-old female was admitted to our service with chief complaints of headache and nausea on March 30, 1988. She had no neurological deficits on admission. However, CT examination revealed a round mass lesion in the left hypothalamus with dislocation of the brain stem. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination showed squamous cell carcinoma cytologically, and slightly higher levels of beta-HCG (13.0 ng/ml) and CEA (14.2 ng/ml). Because of progressive worsening in the level of her consciousness, total removal of a suprasellar tumor was performed on April 19, 1988. Gross appearance of the tumor was yellowish, soft and encapsulated. Histologically, it was squamous cell carcinoma. She did well for several days after the operation, then deteriorated. Finally she expired because of dissemination of the carcinoma on May 14, 1988. Postmortem examination revealed a large mass of squamous cell carcinoma in her right cerebellopontine angle. Except for that in the brain, no cancer was found in her body. Immunohistological study of the tumor specimen demonstrated positive for HCG in some of the large-sized neoplastic cells. Twenty-six cases of PISCC have been reported previously, so far. However, 21 cases out of the 26 PISCC were thought to have originated from intracranial epidermoid, one from the dermoid and the other one from craniopharyngioma. In the other three cases of PISCC, including the present case, the origin of the tumor was not able to be identified.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[An autopsy case of primary intracranial squamous cell carcinoma]. 218 94

Although a 39-year-old male received the curative operation of total gastrectomy for advanced scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach, recurrence of cancer was occurred soon after the surgery, accompanied by hemorrhagic diathesis from DIC. The abdominal CT scan examination revealed the rapid enlargement in the size of the several lymphnodes around the abdominal aorta, and the blood chemistry tests showed marked increase of the serum CEA value. The sequential chemotherapy with intermediate dose of MTX and 5-FU in conjunction with OK-432 was started to treat the case. This chemotherapy was carried out once a week for 5 times and consequently DIC was led to the perfect remission. Furthermore, CEA level decreased within normal range, and the size of the enlarged lymphnodes at paraaortic area diminished remarkably. Although he complained of nausea and loss of appetite during the treatment, no severe adverse effects such as granulocytopenia, diarrhea, or loss of hair were observed. The successful result in this patient suggests that sequential therapy of intermediate dose of MTX and 5-FU with administration of OK-432 may be effective in the treatment of advanced scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach.
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PMID:[Effect of sequential MTX/5-FU therapy for a case of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome associated with recurrence of gastric cancer--a case report]. 255 83

In this pilot clinical trial conducted in 10 postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer, we evaluated the endocrine effects and toxicity of combined somatostatin analog and dopaminergic therapy in the attempt to suppress both growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) secretion. The patients' mean age was 63 years (range: 54-77) and the average number of previous treatments was 4.8 +/- 2 (SD). All patients were treated with the somatostatin analog SMS 201-995 (100-200 micrograms s.c. in a.m. and h.s.) and bromocriptine (2.5 mg orally twice a day). During treatment, GH levels following provocative testing (either L-DOPA or insulin-induced hypoglycemia) were suppressed in 7/9 patients. Basal somatomedin-S (Sm-C) levels declined in 6/9 women. Both GH and Sm-C levels decreased in 4 patients, while in the remaining 5 only one of the two parameters was lowered on treatment. PRL secretion (during provocative TRH testing) was almost totally abolished in 8/9 patients. The treatment did not affect circulating levels of FSH, LH, E1, E2, E1-S, T4, T3RU, or cortisol. Seven patients experienced no side effects. Nausea occurred in 3, but was severe enough in only one to require discontinuation of therapy. One patient experienced disease stabilization consisting of less than 50% regression of skin nodules and pleural effusion, a decline in CEA titer, and an improved performance status lasting 7 months. We conclude that combined SMS 201-995 and bromocriptine therapy is safe and frequently suppresses GH and PRL secretion. Its role in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer should be tested in patients with less advanced disease.
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PMID:Endocrine effects of combined somatostatin analog and bromocriptine therapy in women with advanced breast cancer. 257 6

An enhanced antineoplastic effect of 5-fluorouracil in patients with advanced colorectal cancer has been produced either by combination with folinic acid or administration by continuous infusion. Thirty-seven patients with advanced measurable colorectal cancer received high-dose folinic acid (LV 200 mg/m2) followed by 5-fluorouracil i.v. bolus (300 mg/m2) and continuous infusion (300 mg/m2) on days 1 and 2 then 14 and 15 every 4 weeks. In the absence of toxicity, 5-FU was increased to 400 mg/m2 i.v. bolus and continuous infusion at course 2 and to 500 mg/m2 at course 3 and from course 4 maintained at 500 mg/m2. Responses were: complete responses: 1 (2.7%), partial responses: 19 (51.4%), no change: 8 (21.6%) and progressive disease: 9 (24.3%). CEA decrease was correlated with response. Median duration of response was 11 months. Median survival was 18 months, 21% of the patients were alive at 2 years. Toxicity was low, with diarrhea in 17% and nausea in 11.5% of the patients. LV-5-FU bolus and continuous infusion is safe and has definite activity in metastatic colorectal cancer.
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PMID:High-dose folinic acid and 5-fluorouracil bolus and continuous infusion in advanced colorectal cancer. 326 75

Two years and 10 months after gastrectomy, a 38-year-old man was diagnosed as having carcinomatous peritonitis due to gastric cancer. He was treated by intra-abdominal administration of 100 mg CDDP three times in addition to UFT. After each administration of CDDP, the amount of ascites and the serum value of CEA were decreased. Subjective symptoms, such as epigastric pain or sensation of fullness, were also improved. Although one year and 8 months has passed since the first administration of CDDP, the performance status of the patient remains 0. Nausea or vomiting was noted within 2 days after each administration. However, severe complications, like renal failure or intra-abdominal hemorrhage, were not observed. These findings suggest that repeated intra-abdominal administration of CDDP may be a useful therapy for carcinomatous peritonitis due to gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Repeated intra-abdominal administration of CDDP in carcinomatous peritonitis due to gastric cancer--a case report]. 336 74

A 50-year-old woman with bilateral inflammatory breast cancer (T4, N1b, M1, Stage IV) underwent right extended radical mastectomy and left modified radical mastectomy following pre-operative administration of carcinostatics (ADM, 5-FU) and irradiation. However, tumor recurrence was observed at the skin and right pleural cavity after the operation. Adriamycin-containing combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy were performed, but no significant response was obtained. CDDP was then administered intravenously at a daily dose of 62.5 mg/m2 at intervals of 60 days. The pleural effusion disappeared and the extent of skin metastasis was reduced, resulting in partial response which lasted for 90 days. The serum CEA level decreased from 13.1 ng/ml to 2.3 ng/ml. As the side effects of this therapy, slight nausea, vomiting and general fatigue were observed. This result suggested that CDDP is an effective drug for inflammatory breast cancer.
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PMID:[A case report of inflammatory breast cancer effectively treated with cis-platinum]. 363 75

A case of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is reported. A 16 year-old female developed right hypochondralgia and nausea without jaundice. Examination on admission showed elevation of SGOT, SGPT, Al-P, gamma-GTP and LAP activities, but T-Bil, AFP and CEA were within normal limits. Peripheral eosinocytes increased by 10%, and tests for HBsAg, antiHBs, antimitochondrial antibody and anti-smooth muscle antibody were all negative. ERCP revealed a narrowing of the proximal portion of the common the hepatic duct, and beading of the intrahepatic bile ducts. Liver scintigram and CT revealed no tumors in the liver, biliary tract or pancreas. Laparoscopy showed a smooth liver without swelling and a slightly swollen gallbladder. Histologically, the liver biopsy specimen showed ductal proliferation of small interlobular bile ducts and periductal fibrosis. No bile plugs, granuloma or distinct cholangitis were observed. No abnormal findings, including evidence of inflammatory bowel disease, were detected by barium enema. At present, one year after discharge, although her symptoms and liver function test abnormalities continue, she has been attending high school. Although 58 cases of PSC have been reported in Japan, juvenile cases occurring before the third decade number only 3 including ours.
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PMID:A case of primary sclerosing cholangitis. 405 13


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