Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Desmopressin, a synthetic analog of the antidiuretic hormone, is used in the treatment of enuresis nocturna in children and increasingly also in adults. Nocturia in the elderly causes sleeping disorders and is associated with a higher risk of falling and increased mortality. Desmopressin leads to a significant decrement of nocturia and consequently, a better sleep quality and is for this reason increasingly prescribed in the old. Desmopressin causes borderline hyponatremia (130-135 mmol/l) in 15% and severe hyponatremia in 5% of all adult users. Factors that predispose to hyponatremia are a higher dose, age > 65 years, a low-normal serum sodium, a high 24-hour urine volume and co-medication (thiazide diuretics, tricyclic antidepressants, serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors, chlorpromazine, carbamazipine, loperamide, Non-Steroidal-Anti-Inflammatory-Drugs). Hyponatremia is associated with headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and can cause somnolence, loss of consciousness and death. We present two cases where initiation of desmopressin led to hyponatremia, requiring hospitalization. In view of the high risk of desmopressin-associated hyponatremia in the older population, alternative treatment strategies for nocturia must be considered first. If desmopressin is prescribed, strict follow-up of serum sodium levels is necessary.
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PMID:[Desmopressin for nocturia in the old: an inappropriate treatment due to the high risk of side-effects?]. 2122 78

Prostate Adenocarcinoma is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in the United States, with a prevalence of around 2.4 million. Patients with this disease commonly present with urinary frequency and hesitancy, nocturia, and dysuria secondary to tumor enlargement. We present the case of a 60-year-old man with multiple-site biopsy proven metastatic prostate cancer that presented with neither urological or bone related signs or symptoms. His findings were rather atypical; they included dyspnea, pancytopenia, nausea, and chills. We then detail how we narrowed our diagnosis through a systemic process of elimination, and review the general workup of an adenocarcinoma of unknown primary in a male patient.
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PMID:Atypical Presentation of Prostate Cancer and the Workup of an Adenocarcinoma of Unknown Primary. 2914 3

Hyponatraemia is a well-known side effect of desmopressin therapy. Nocturia in elderly patients can be treated with desmopressin, which usually induces mild and reversible hyponatraemia. This case report is about two patients, in which severe hyponatriaemia, at least partly induced by desmopressin, was observed. The patients were affected by nausea, vomiting and confusion. These symptoms are caused by brain swelling, which can result in coma and death. The case reports illustrate the importance in measuring baseline P-sodium concentration during therapy and examining current medication before prescribing desmopressin.
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PMID:[Desmopressin therapy of nocturia in elderly patients may contribute to severe hyponatraemia]. 3003 83

Lupus cystitis is a rare complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It is characterized by an increase in bladder wall thickness and may be associated with hydroureteronephrosis. Reports, mostly from East Asian countries, indicate that lupus cystitis usually presents with gastrointestinal tract symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea, or abdominal pain. Lower urinarytract symptoms such as dysuria, nocturia, polyuria, and suprapubic pain are also common presenting symptoms. We report a 22-year-old female patient who presented at Cipto Mangunkusumo Teaching Hospital in Indonesia, with profuse and prolonged vaginal bleeding without any other accompanying symptoms. She had a history of polyarthralgias, fever, bleeding gums, anemia, and thrombocytopenia 3 months earlier. Abdominal ultrasound examination revealed bilateral hydronephrosis and a thickened bladder wall; the other organs were normal. Laboratory examination confirmed the diagnosis of SLE complicated by lupus nephritis and lupus cystitis. The patient responded well to the treatment with methylprednisolone. The vaginal bleeding stopped within 2 days, and the laboratory parameters improved. She was discharged on oral methylprednisolone and is scheduled for detailed workup after 1 month.
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PMID:Asymptomatic Lupus Cystitis with Bilateral Hydronephrosis. 3034 78


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