Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 48-year-old female with multiple sclerosis (MS) accompanied by intractable hiccups of over one month' duration and the sleep apnea syndrome was reported. This MS patient had been well controlled until September 16, 1991 when she experienced nausea, vomiting and hiccups. The patient was admitted to Kawasaki Medical School Hospital on October 9, 1991. A physical examination revealed intractable hiccups. T1-weighted MRI showed a low and T2-weighted image disclosed a high signal intensity area in the tegmentum of the medulla oblongata. The intractable hiccups and vomiting improved with intravenous high dose methylprednisolone injection therapy. The following day, she complained of insomnia and her family observed severe snoring and apnea during the night. These symptoms and the results of a breathing monitor were compatible with the sleep apnea syndrome. These symptoms disappeared following the administration of amitriptyline. There have been few reports of the combination of intractable hiccups and the sleep apnea syndrome in MS. The MRI findings suggest that the causative lesion of these symptoms is in the tegmentum of the medulla oblongata.
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PMID:[A case of multiple sclerosis with intractable hiccups and sleep apnea syndrome]. 129 Nov 66

Ten multiple sclerosis patients, all with a rapid deteriorating disease profile, were treated with 12 mg/m2 of the cytostatic agent mitoxantrone, administered every 3 months. This dosage is only 25% of what a patient with a solid tumour would normally receive during the same time period. In all treated patients the deterioration was stopped following the initial dosage; in four out of ten patients there was even an immediate improvement of the neurological status. Eight out of nine patients showed an improvement after 1 year as compared with their enrollment status; the other one remained stabile. In correlation with the clinical improvement, the mean P100 latencies of visual evoked potentials showed a reduction after 1 year. However, the changes identified through magnetic resonance imaging were even clearer than those seen clinically. At admission, this group of patients presented with a total of 169 gadolinium (Gd)-enhancing lesions. Only 10 lesions were enhancing in nine patients 12 months after the initiation of treatment. It appears that mitoxantrone accelerates the disappearance of Gd-enhancing lesions and prevents the development of new ones. Minimal side effects such as mild nausea and a slight faintness were evident in six patients and then for only 1-2 days.
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PMID:Treatment of multiple sclerosis with mitoxantrone. 148 15

A 36 years-old man was admitted in September 1987. For 5 years he suffered from 4 recurrent episodes of throbbing headache, tinnitus, nausea, diplopia and divergent strabismus to which a facial palsy was recently added. In all episodes, the symptoms disappeared spontaneously and completely. A neuro-ophthalmological examination at admission disclosed an exotropia of the right eye, gaze paralysis to the left, paralysis of adduction of the left eye and preserved right eye abduction which triggered a rhythmic horizontal nystagmus. The upward and downward gazes and the convergence were well preserved. Moreover, there was a left peripheral facial palsy, and Babinski sign at the right side. Auditory evoked potentials were slowed at the mesencephalopontine transition. CT scan showed a low-density area with no contrast enhancement at the left pontine tegmentum and a left anterolateral atrophy of the pons. CSF examination showed increase in protein content and increase in the IgG content. Additional investigation included a dopplerometry of the cervical arteries, a panangiography and a bidimensional echocardiography which were normal. Diagnosis of one-and-a-half syndrome was made, possibly secondary to multiple sclerosis, and immunossuppressive therapy was initiated.
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PMID:[One-and-a-half syndrome: anatomo-clinical considerations apropos of a case]. 261 17

The previously described anti-spastic effect of oxcarbazepine and 10,11-dihydro-10-hydroxycarbamazepine was found accidentally in 2 patients undergoing a double-blind comparative study for evaluation of antiepileptic effect. In this study oxcarbazepine was given orally in doses of 300-2700 mg daily to one patient with transverse myelitis and to two patients with multiple sclerosis, all of whom had clinically disabling spasticity in the form of difficulty in walking, lower limb rigidity, spastic contractions of the lower limbs and ankle clonus. Anti-spastic effect was observed at doses between 600-1200 mg daily and consisted in a substantial decrease in the above symptoms of spasticity. The anti-spastic effect appears at a dose immediately below that which produces nausea, dizziness and somnolence.
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PMID:Oxcarbazepine and spasticity: further observations. 307 37

Three young, female adults complained of dizziness and nausea aggravated on lying in supine position. On examination the prominent clinical feature was positional nystagmus of the "central type". All patients finally proved to suffer from multiple sclerosis. Positional nystagmus of the "central type" has been described in patients with pathology in the area of the IV ventricle and in monkeys with experimental lesions of the vestibular nuclei. It has also been described in humans and experimental animals after ingestion of alcohol. It is concluded that presence of this type of nystagmus is a sign of pathology probably localized in the area of the vestibular nuclei. Obviously, multiple sclerosis will be one of the disease processes to be considered. However, ingestion of alcohol a few hours before examination must always be excluded.
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PMID:Positional nystagmus of the "central type" as an early sign of multiple sclerosis. 707 34

Although cyclophosphamide pulse therapy has been reported to be beneficial for patients with chronic progressive multiple sclerosis for whom other treatment modalities are not expected to improve outcome, the experience with Japanese patients has not been shown in the literature. The reason appears due, in part, to the small size of this group and to the side effects inherent to such a large dose immunosuppressive regimen. Here, we report on 3 cases with chronic progressive multiple sclerosis who have undergone the pulse-dose cyclophosphamide treatment. The cases included 3 women, two with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (one, the classical form and the other, the spinal cord from). The 3rd case was that of myelitis-optic neuritic form and the total blindness of right eye (left side had been totally blind) was impending despite repeated corticosteroid therapies. The regimen included 600 mg/m2 intravenous cyclophosphamide per day at days 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and infusion of totally 2,500-3,000 ml of intravenous fluid in order for avoiding hemorrhagic cystitis. The side effects were nausea, anorexia, leucopenia (10-15 days from the end of the course and the lowest value being 1,100/microliters), microscopic hematuria in one case, and alopecia in all. All the patients tolerated the therapy well. Two cases improved to a significant degree and the 3rd case with impending blindness has shown the arrest of progression. However, two of them began progressing again in one- to two-year period and the pulse-dose had to be repeated. These 3 cases have shown neurological improvements or at least arrest of the progression following the therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Pulse-dose cyclophosphamide therapy for chronic progressive multiple sclerosis]. 833 69

We reported two early-childhood cases suffering from acute optic neuritis (ON). Case 1 was a 3-year-old girl, who had a preceding upper respiratory infection, headache, nausea and subsequent sudden visual disturbance. Cranial MRI revealed multiple T2-elongated lesions in the white matter. She showed two neurological relapses including ON, leading to the diagnosis of clinically probable multiple sclerosis (MS). Case 2 was a 2-year-old boy, who had an acute onset of visual disturbance without any other neurological deficits. MRI with Gd-DTPA enhancement revealed not only a disorder of optic nerves but involvement of the white matter in the acute phase. It has been suggested that there may be a broad spectrum of demyelinating disorders between ON and MS even in early-childhood. Therefore, we should bear in mind to the subsequent progression to MS in childhood ON cases with silent brain lesions.
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PMID:[Two early-childhood cases of optic neuritis]. 875 34

We report a case of multiphasic disseminated encephalomyelitis (MDEM) following viral illness presenting as multiple sclerosis (MS) in a 7-year-old boy. The patients had two episodes of alternating hemiparesis and other neurologic symptoms following viral infection, which were separated by 3 years. Neuroimaging studies demonstrated multiple, discrete, small nodules and large globular lesions in the cerebral white matter, basal ganglia, brainstem and cerebellar areas. Based on typical appearance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical manifestations including systemic symptoms such as fever, nausea, vomiting, headache and seizures followed by consciousness disturbance and other multifocal neurologic signs, the diagnosis of MDEM rather than that of MS was made. Because it is difficult to differentiate between MDEM and MS on the basis of the clinical history, the cerebrospinal fluid examination and evoked potential studies, this report emphasizes that the MRI study of the brain may provide an important clue for the diagnosis.
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PMID:Multiphasic disseminated encephalomyelitis mimicking multiple sclerosis. 889 Dec 39

The case of a young woman who presented with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea is outlined; the etiology turned out to be a first attack of multiple sclerosis. Plausible mechanisms are discussed.
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PMID:Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea: an unusual presentation of multiple sclerosis. 921 64

Chronic progressive Multiple Sclerosis is refractory to many conventional treatments. We performed a pilot study testing desferroxamine (DFO) as a candidate in the treatment of chronic progressive Multiple Sclerosis. DFO was given daily by 8 h subcutaneous infusions at a dose of 2 grams daily for 7 days, followed by 1 gram daily for 7 days. Eighteen of 19 individuals completed the full dose of 21 grams. One patient was unable to complete the course due to nausea. No acute deterioration of neurological status was seen during the administration of DFO. No worsening of vision or hearing was noted except that the one patient who was unable to tolerate the medication had a transient reduction in hearing. All patients had a local redness at the injection site. None of the patients had any sudden worsening during or shortly after the treatment. This pilot study suggests that DFO is relatively well tolerated by Multiple Sclerosis patients when given in a short course of therapy.
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PMID:Desferrioxamine in chronic progressive multiple sclerosis: a pilot study. 934 80


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