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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A patient with eosinophilic meningitis in Shizuoka Prefecture, Honshu, Japan had nausea, vomiting and headache on admission; laboratory examinations revealed leukocytosis with eosinophilia. Eight days later neck stiffness appeared. Lumbar puncture showed an increase of the initial pressure in association with eosinophilic pleocytosis in the spinal fluid. The possibility of angiostrongylosis was considered because the patient had eaten raw slugs for 4 years as a remedy for lumbago. Although the serum contained cross-reactive antibodies against Toxocara canis, positive reactions to Angiostrongylus cantonensis antigens were observed in all of the immunological tests made. These observations, together with results of epidemiological studies in Honshu carried out by other investigators, suggest that the present case of eosinophilic meningitis may have been caused by A. cantonensis. One previous case has been reported from Honshu Island, Japan.
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PMID:Eosinophilic meningitis: a suspected case of angiostrongylosis found in Shizuoka Prefecture, Honshu, Japan. 43 13

A high rate of side effects (mostly vestibular) was found among 83 people receiving prophylaxis with minocycline because of contact with a patient who had died of meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis. Three groups of contacts received different lots of minocycline and different dosage regimens. Seventy-eight percent of these people had symptoms temporally related to ingestion of minocycline. These symptoms, which included dizziness, nausea, vomiting, vertigo, anorexia, and headache, generally commenced soon after initiation of chemoprophylaxis; the total dosage of minocycline was low. The high rate of vestibular side effects of minocycline militates against widespread use of minocycline for prophylaxis of meningococcal infection.
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PMID:Minocycline for prophylaxis of infection with Neisseria meningitidis: high rate of side effects in recipients. 81 29

Treatment with flucytosine of 20 patients with fungal infections gave favorable results in four patients with crytococcal infections, two of four patients with disseminated candidiasis, eight of ten patients with urinary tract infections due to Candida albicans and Torulopsis glabrata, and tow of three patients with miscellaneous infections due to Calbicans. Two patients with crytococcal meningitis and altered host resistance and one patient with an aorto femoral graft infection due to C albicans were treated with flucytosine and smphotericin B. The infection was eradicated in one of the patients with meningitis, and cultures from an infected arterial graft became negative. Adverse side effects of flucytosine included mild leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, a transient increase in alkaline phosphatase and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and nausea and diarrhea.
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PMID:Treatment of fungal infections with flucytosine. 109 40

A 58 year old Chinese male, one week after arriving in Canada from Hong Kong, presented with acute abdominal pain and diarrhoea which was rapidly followed by Escherichia coli infection causing septicaemia and meningitis. His past history revealed bronchial asthma for 15 years treated with steroids. At laparotomy, 7 days after the onset of symptoms, he was found to have extensive haemorrhagic infarction of the small bowel and right colon. Examination of the fibrosed mesenteric vessels revealed numerous filariform larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis, within the walls, and in all layers of bowel wall. The role of the parasite in the production of obliterative arteritis in this fatal case of haemorrhagic enteropathy is discussed. Clinical strongyloidiasis, in uncomplicated cases, varies from mild to severe with gastroenteritis, nausea, colicky abdominal pain, electrolyte imbalance and symptoms of malabsorption syndrome (MARCIAL-ROJAS, 1971). In malnourished individuals and patients with debilitating infections, either newly acquired or asymptomatic latent infection with S. stercoralis can assume severe dimensions (BROWN and PERNA, 1958; HUGHTON and HORN, 1959). Similarly, in patients on steroid (CRUZ et al., 1966; WILLIS and MWOKOLO, 1966; NEEFE et al., 1973) and immunosuppressive therapy for lymphomatous diseases or deficient in immune response (ROGERS and NELSON, 1966; RIVERA et al., 1970), systemic strongyloidiasis is often fatal. The increased frequency of auto-infection in such patients with a breached immune barrier is, however, unclear. Further complications of this infection due to severe enterocolitis result in sepsis, bacteraemia and meningitis (BROWN and PERNA, 1958; HUGHTON and HORN, 1959). This paper presents a fatal case of S. stercoralis infection which illustrates an uncommon if not unique, mechanism in its production of haemorrhagic enteropathy leading to sepsis and death.
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PMID:Fatal bowel infarction and sepsis: an unusual complication of systemic strongyloidiasis. 122 84

Intracranial complications from otitis media can be quite devastating to the patient if an early diagnosis is not made. Patients may develop meningitis, venous sinus thrombosis or cranial nerve palsies, as well as intracranial abscess. The presenting features in such cases may be subtle and include headache, nausea, vomiting, personality changes and signs of increased intracranial pressure as well as focal neurological deficits. A case of intracranial brain abscess is presented in a patient with a history of chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma. Delay in the diagnosis of intracranial complications of otitis media can lead to improper treatment with increased morbidity and mortality. The etiology and treatment of complications affecting the CNS is discussed.
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PMID:Otitis media and CNS complications. 140 77

Three familial cases of psittacosis are reported. The first case was a 46-year-old woman, the second case, her 18-year-old daughter. Both of them often visited the house of the third case, a 49-year-old women, who was the elder sister of case 1 and who took care of the chick of a budgerigar which she kept in the house. Case 1 came to our hospital with abrupt onset of fever, headache, nausea and general malaise. Because she was suspected to have meningitis, she was admitted to the Department of Neurology. On admission, her chest X-ray film showed bilateral ground glass shadows. She also had hypoxemia and liver dysfunction. On learning of her history of contact with the chick, psittacosis was suspected. Case 2 suffered from fever and headache. Her chest X-ray film revealed opaque infiltration in the right lower lung field. Case 3 complained of fever, headache and vomiting. Her chest X-ray film showed fan-shaped faint shadows in the left upper, middle and lower lung fields. We interpreted these findings as showing psittacosis based on anamnesis. The result of the complement fixation (CF) antibody titer against chlamydia was 1:32 in cases 2 and 3, enabling a serological diagnosis of psittacosis. The corresponding result was 1:16 in case 1. Although the CF antibody titer showed no increase, we diagnosed the case clinically as psittacosis. It is difficult to correctly diagnose psittacosis only from the physical findings and chest X-ray films. Detailed anamnesis, in particular taking a history of exposure to birds, is an important clue for diagnosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Familial outbreak of psittacosis]. 188 99

We report a rare case of disproportionately large communicating fourth ventricle (DLCFV) combined with syringomyelia and Chiari malformation. The case was a 27-year-old male who underwent ventriculoperitoneal (V-P) shunt on the right side for hydrocephalus caused by traumatic intracerebral and intraventricular hemorrhage. One month later, he became somnolent with posterior fossa symptoms (nausea, vomiting and nystagmus). CT scan demonstrated enlarged fourth ventricle, which was diagnosed as DLCFV because the ventriculogram revealed patency of the aqueduct. One and half month later a second V-P shunt was made on the left side to increase the shunt flow. He became ambulatory with a cane, although the fourth ventricle remained moderately dilated on CT scan. Two months after the additional V-P shunt, he slipped and hit the occiput and immediately became tetraparetic. The patient was treated conservatively under the diagnosis of central spinal cord injury. The MRI taken 2 months after the accident revealed Chiari malformation (type 1), syringomyelia and a dilated fourth ventricle which was compressing the brainstem. After the fourth ventriculoperitoneal (FV-P) shunt, the tetraparesis transiently improved but then again worsened. On the CT scan the syrinx did non change in size, while the size of the fourth ventricle became normal. After syringoperitoneal (S-P) shunt the patient showed a moderate improvement of tetraparesis. Unfortunately he suffered appendicitis complicated with peritonitis and all the shunts were immediately changed to external drainage. However, the patient developed meningitis and became paraplegic. The motor function of the upper extremities slightly improved by aspiration of fluid via the external drainage system from the syrinx.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of disproportionately large communicating fourth ventricle (DLCFV) combined with syringomyelia and Chiari malformation]. 202 74

Fifty patients with intractable pain, mainly of neoplastic origin, were treated by morphine through unidose drug delivery system. Criteria of selection of the patients and technical procedures are reported. Most common side effects are nausea and dysuria but can be effectively prevented. The most severe complications are leakage of cerebro spinal fluid with or without meningitis. The success rate at 20 days is 80% as well in pelvic pain as in subdiaphragmatic extra cephalic pain.
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PMID:[Intrathecal analgesia. Apropos of 50 cases]. 318 49

A 23-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus had a severe hypersensitivity reaction to the drug ibuprofen. The reaction, documented by rechallenge during hospitalization, was characterized by marked hypotension, fever, rigors, conjunctivitis, meningitis, nausea, arthralgias, and leukopenia. In addition to illustrating the potential diagnostic confusion with infection or lupus flare, this case is of interest in that the reaction developed suddenly despite the patient's uneventful use of the drug for over two years. Collected cases are reviewed from the literature, and the common features are summarized.
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PMID:Severe systemic hypersensitivity reaction to ibuprofen occurring after prolonged therapy. 356 35

Clinical features, findings of diagnostic studies, results of therapy, and prognostic factors were analyzed in 45 patients with brain abscesses. The number of patients diagnosed yearly has increased since CT scanning became available, but despite the enhanced sensitivity, the time from either onset of symptoms or hospital admission until initiation of therapy was not decreased and there was no dramatic effect upon morbidity or mortality in this series. Infections of paranasal sinuses, ears, lungs, and odontogenic foci were predisposing factors in approximately 70% of cases. Single abscesses, present in 75% of patients, were distributed equally in both hemispheres, with more than half in the frontal and parietal lobes. Common signs and symptoms included headache, fever, chills, seizures, nausea, vomiting, altered sensorium, nuchal rigidity, and localizing neurologic signs. Blood cultures were positive in 11%. Lumbar puncture rarely provided data from which a diagnosis could be established; CSF cultures were positive in only 7% of patients, and there was a 15% temporally associated incidence of brain herniation and death. Diagnostic information was most readily obtained using imaging techniques such as CT and 99mTc scanning, and arteriography was invasive and of no added value. CT scans are however, often initially negative in patients presenting with clinical signs of meningitis presumably following rupture of an abscess into the subarachnoid space, and the average time for changes to appear on CT scan is 9 days. It is, therefore, recommended that when the clinical assessment suggests the possibility of brain abscess the patient be treated empirically with antibiotics and that lumbar puncture be performed only after thoughtful assessment of the risk-to-benefit ratio for each patient. Causative organisms were isolated from more than 80% of abscesses despite prior antibiotic treatment; more than half grew a single pathogen, most commonly streptococci. Anaerobic and microaerophilic bacteria accounted for 62% of all isolates, and were the only organisms in 33% of patients. Computerized tomographic scans in 30 patients showed "ring-enhancing" lesions, nodular enhancement, or areas of low attenuation. Complete resolution of abscesses on CT scans rarely occurred during hospitalization and took as long as 5 months. Decrease in the size of abscesses on CT scan correlated well with clinical improvement and was seen within a week when abscesses were excised, but was often not obvious for 6 to 8 weeks if antibiotics were used alone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Brain abscess. A study of 45 consecutive cases. 378


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