Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mechanical gastritis is confirmed as one of the causes of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, which is created directly by retching and vomiting in a patient with an esophageal hiatal hernia. Five cases of mechanical gastritis are reported in this paper. The clinical presentation of mechanical gastritis and the Mallory-Weiss syndrome may mimic each other. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed the gastric mucosa to be propelled into the esophagus during nausea. This mucosa showed erosions and superficial ulcerations. The mucosa appeared 'congested' at and just below the cardia. It is suggested that the friction and compression of the gastric mucosa prolapsing through a constriction ring of the diaphragm into the hiatal hernia during retching and vomiting may cause mechanical trauma to the gastric mucosa, resulting in gastritis, erosions, and hemorrhage.
 ...
PMID:Mechanical gastritis as cause of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. 832 27

Mallory-Weiss syndrome is one of the cause of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, which an abrupt rise in abdominal pressure due to nausea or vomiting induces a tear near the esophagogastric mucosal junction. Mallory-Weiss syndrome represents about 3-15% of all cases of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Mallory-Weiss tear is mainly located on the cardia part of the stomach side and spanning across the esophagogastric mucosal junction, only in esophageal side is rarely seen. Hemorrhage frequently ceases spontaneously. When endoscopic findings reveal persistent hemorrhage, endoscopic hemostatic technique using heater probe thermocoagulation or hemoclipping is necessary. After endoscopic hemostasis, fasting and inhibitors of acid secretion (H2-receptor antagonists or proton pump inhibitors) are recommended.
 ...
PMID:[Mallory-Weiss syndrome]. 978 Jul 15

Longitudinal tears in the esophagus at the esophageogastric junction are termed Mallory-Weiss syndrome. They are encountered most commonly in alcoholics, attributed to episodes of excessive vomiting. These lacerations could be the cause of massive and severe external and/or internal fatal bleeding. Bleeding from upper gastrointestinal parts could be caused by this syndrome, as well as by ulcers, inflammations, esophageal varices, tumours, blunt abdominal injuries, etc. Such unclear deaths could be of interest to law authorities because they are suspicious, sudden and/or obscure. In daily forensic medical practice, this syndrome is relatively rare, and therefore it, it should be recognized. In this paper, the authors present the case of a single male, aged 54, a chronic drinker, who was found dead in his flat. During the previous day, he was observed medically in the Trauma Centre in Belgrade for nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting and diarrhea). The mucous tears of esophageogastric junction had been established by autopsy, as well as the massive internal gastrointestinal bleeding. On the basis of autopsy and microscopic findings, clinical data and circumstances, the established cause of natural death was fatal exsanguination from esophageogastric mucous tears due to Mallory-Weiss syndrome.
 ...
PMID:[The Mallory-Weiss syndrome as an unrecognized cause of death]. 1192 5

From 2000-2007, we treated 14 patients (median age 5.8 years) with medulloblastoma (MB) with craniospinal irradiation (CSI) in the supine position for comfort, setup reproducibility and anaesthesia airway access. Acute toxicity included nausea/vomiting (N = 9), weight loss (median 10.3% (2.2-18.2), N = 10), lymphopenia (all), neutropenia (N = 3) and pancreatitis with Mallory-Weiss tear (N = 1). Five children required hospitalization during treatment. Chemotherapy was adjusted in 6, without CSI delay. After a median follow-up of 32.4 months (13.3-83.2), two patients recurred, two died of a second CNS malignancy, and one developed leukaemia. All others remain in complete remission. In this small series, CSI was delivered safely in the supine position with early outcomes in line with classical CSI literature.
 ...
PMID:Feasibility and early outcomes of supine-position craniospinal irradiation. 1989 Aug 94

We present an uncommon case of a patient presenting at the emergency department for severe vomiting, persisting for at least 12 hours, without nausea or abdominal pain. She initially referred vomiting food eaten several hours earlier and eventually a single episode of haematemesis with emission of a small amount of red blood and clots. She also reported the occurrence of acute dysphagia for solid food. The patient underwent oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD), which showed that the lumen was almost completely narrowed by a submucosal bluish bulging from midoesophagus (19 cm from the incisors) to the cardia (located at 35 cm from the incisors). She therefore underwent chest CT showing a 15 cm long intramural oesophageal haematoma. Although the combination of vomiting and haematemesis is usually associated with Mallory-Weiss syndrome, in which a prompt OGD has a key role in the patient management, when these symptoms are associated with acute dysphagia, a possible intramural haematoma might be suspected. In this case, chest CT should take precedence, because it allows a quick and complete diagnostic appraisal. However, in this setting, although OGD can directly show typical findings (bluish swelling mucosa with or without a superficial tears), it might increase the risk of oesophageal haematoma rupture and intraluminal bleeding.
 ...
PMID:Haematemesis and acute dysphagia: oesophagogastroduodenoscopy or CT-which one first? 3120 49