Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Trimethylcolchicinic acid methyl ether d-tartrate (TMCA; NSC-36351) was administered daily by mouth to 71 patients with malignant lymphomas. Partical (greater than 50%) responses were observed in eleven of 37 patients with Hodgkin's disesse, two of 22 patients with lymphocytic lymphoma, and one of two patients with mixed cell lymphoma. One complete and three partial responses were noted in nine patients with histiocytic lymphoma. Responses lasted from one to 91+ months (median: four months) and occurred in patients whose disease was resistant to alkylating agents, vinblastine, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone or BCNU. Toxic effects included leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea, diarrhea, stomatitis, alopecia and dermatitis.
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PMID:Effect of trimethylcolchicinic acid methyl ether d-tartrate (TMCA) on Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 79 48

We studied 56 patients with primary gastrointestinal lymphoma to determine the manifestations, diagnostic and treatment methods, and patient outcomes. We identified 27 cases of primary gastric lymphoma and 29 cases of lymphoma involving the remainder of the gastrointestinal tract. Initial symptoms were nonspecific and included abdominal pain, weight loss, nausea, and vomiting. Diagnosis was frequently made at operation, with less than half of the patients having endoscopy and biopsy. The predominant histologic type was diffuse histiocytic lymphoma; the second most common type was poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma. Average survival for patients with gastric lymphomas was 38 months, versus 21 months for those with intestinal lymphomas. The most important prognostic factor was the stage of disease at presentation; spread beyond the regional lymph nodes was associated with shortened survival. Comparison of treatment groups was compromised by the varied combinations of therapy used and by the stages and sites of disease. This study points out the need for prospective randomized clinical trials, with comprehensive staging and uniform therapeutic procedures, to identify the best available methods.
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PMID:Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma. 402 80

During a 3-year period 39 evaluable patients with stage III and IV non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and unfavorable histologies were treated with a unique chemotherapeutic regimen based on a modified CHOP combination to which was added the nitrosourea, CCNU. Complete response was observed in six of 15 (40%) patients with diffuse poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma (DPDL), four of 11 (36%) with diffuse mixed histiocytic lymphocytic (DML), and seven of 13 (54%) with diffuse histiocytic lymphoma (DHL). Of the 17 patients who achieved complete response, nine (53%) have remained continuously disease-free for greater than 2.5 years (2.7-4.1 years) from the onset of therapy: four of six with DPDL, two of four with DML, and three of seven with DHL. Median survival was 18.9 months for all patients, 18.9 months for those with DPDL, 17.4 months for those with DML, and 9.7 months for those with DHL. The median survival has not been reached for patients who attained a complete response, and will exceed 3.3 years. Central nervous system relapse was observed in three patients. In general, toxicity was moderate and consisted primarily of leukopenia, nausea, vomiting, and neurotoxicity. There were no drug-related deaths. The addition of CCNU to a modified CHOP combination resulted in an effective, generally well-tolerated out-patient regimen. However, it did not appear to decrease the rate of CNS relapse or improve current treatment results observed with other adriamycin-containing regimens for similar patients.
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PMID:CCNU in combination chemotherapy for advanced histologically unfavorable non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 635 17

The authors present 22 cases of primary lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS) from Stanford University Medical Center. Fifteen other published series comprising 400 patients with this disease are also reviewed. Males were affected more often than females. The majority of patients were in the sixth decade of life. The most common presenting symptoms were headache, nausea, vomiting, and mental status changes. The most common presenting signs were hemiparesis and papilledema. An elevated protein concentration was the most common cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) abnormality. The CSF cytology was rarely positive prior to surgery. If a mass was seen on computerized tomography, it always enhanced with infusion of contrast material. On angiography, the tumor was generally seen as an avascular mass. The most and least common sites of involvement supratentorially were the frontal and occipital lobes, respectively. Infratentorially, the cerebellum was most often involved. Histologically, the most common tissue type according to the Rappaport and Working Formulation systems were diffuse histiocytic lymphoma and immunoblastic lymphoma, respectively. Therapy primarily involved surgery for biopsy or subtotal resection and radiation therapy. The majority of patients died, and the median survival time of those dying was distinctly shorter than the follow-up period of those patients still alive. This difference in survival time suggests that primary CNS lymphoma consists of more than one disease group. Statistical analysis of our series showed those patients with either a diffuse mixed lymphoma histology or an infratentorial location of disease had a poorer prognosis. These two factors cannot totally account for the division of cases into separate survival-related groups.
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PMID:Primary lymphoma of the central nervous system. Clinicopathological study of experience at Stanford. 668 33

This paper describes an unusual case of primary reticulum cell sarcoma of the brain in the left temporal lobe which was considered to be metastasized to the right frontal lobe and bilateral eyes. The patient is a 60-year-old man who was completely well until Nov. 1979 when he developed headache which was accompanied by nausea. He was admitted to our service on Dec. 17th, when his general condition was well. Neurological examination revealed disorientation to time and place, sensory aphasia, right upper quadrantic hemianopsia and slight weakness of the right upper extremity. Ophthalmological examination disclosed no abnormalities except for subretinal exudate in the right eye which was caused by old central retinopathy. Routine laboratory examinations including blood cell counts, urinalysis, serum electrolytes, serum electrophoretic studies, plain chest x-rays, ECG and plain skull x-rays were all within normal limits. CT-scan on Dec. 20th showed a mass lesion in the left temporal lobe which was uniformly enhanced by the contrast medium. CAG confirmed the presence of left temporal tumor which was hypovascular. On Dec. 24th 1979, left frontotemporal craniotomy and subtotal removal of the tumor was performed. Histopathological diagnosis of the tumor was reticulum cell sarcoma of the brain. Postoperatively he was treated by a combination of 60Co irradiation of total dose of 5,100 rads and methyl-CCNU 250 mg every 6 weeks. The follow up ophthalmological examination in May 1980 revealed subretinal white spots in the left eye. In Jun., the white spots increased in number and fused together. The subretinal perivascular exudate and retinal bleeding accompanied. His right eye was also involved. Echogram of the eyes showed a mass lesion in the fundus of the left eye. CT-scan taken at the same period of time revealed a tumor in the right frontal lobe. 67Ga-citrate whole body scan demonstrated no spot of abnormal uptake except for the right frontal lobe. We suspected that the lesions in the bilateral eyes and the right frontal lobe were metastasis from the primary reticulum cell sarcoma of the left temporal lobe. The bilateral eyes and the right frontal lobe were irradiated with a total dose of 4200 rads. CT scan following the second radiotherapy showed complete disappearance of the tumor in the right frontal lobe. Echogram revealed a marked reduction in size of the mass lesion at the left ocular fundus.
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PMID:[Reticulum cell sarcoma of the brain with bilateral ocular involvement, a case report]. 675 43

Patients with renal failure may manifest a variety of neurologic disorders. Patients with chronic renal failure who have not yet received dialytic therapy may develop a symptom complex progressing from mild sensorial clouding to delirium and coma, with tremor, asterixis, multifocal myoclonus, and seizures. After the institution of adequate maintenance dialysis therapy, patients may continue to be afflicted with more subtle nervous dysfunction, including impaired mentation, generalized weakness, and peripheral neuropathy. These central nervous system disorders are referred to as uremic encephalopathy. The dialytic treatment of end-stage renal disease has itself been associated with the emergence of two distinct, new disorders of the central nervous system; dialysis dysequilibrium and dialysis dementia. The dialysis disequilibrium syndrome consists of headache, nausea, muscle cramps, obtundation, and seizures, and is a consequence of the initiation of dialysis therapy in some patients. Dialysis dementia is a progressive, generally fatal encephalopathy which affects patients on chronic hemodialysis. There are at least three different forms of dialysis encephalopathy: sporadic, epidemic; and that associated with renal disease in children. In addition to the foregoing neurologic diseases which are specifically related to uremia and/or dialysis, a number of other neurologic disorders occur with increased frequency in patients with end-stage renal disease on chronic hemodialysis. These include subdural hematoma, electrolyte disorders, vitamin deficiencies, drug intoxication, hypertensive encephalopathy, and acute trace element intoxication. Renal transplantation is associated with a variety of central nervous system infections, reticulum cell sarcoma, and central pontine myelinosis. The present manuscript will review the clinical, structural, and biochemical components of those neurologic disorders which are peculiar to the uremic state and its treatment with dialysis.
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PMID:Uremic encephalopathies: clinical, biochemical, and experimental features. 675 30

The records of patients with primary gastric lymphoma and sarcoma treated at M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute between 1945 and 1975 were reviewed. Weight loss, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting were the most common presenting symptoms, while palpable abdominal mass was the most common sign. The lymphomas were predominantly located in the distal portion of the stomach, in contrast to the sarcomas, which were commonly located in the body and the proximal portion of stomach. Curative gastric resection was performed in 96% of patients with lymphoma and in 67% of patients with sarcoma. Diffuse histiocytic lymphoma and leiomyosarcoma were the most common histologic types. Patients with lymphoma survived significantly longer than patients with sarcoma (median 75 vs 22 months, P = 0.009). Adjuvant radiotherapy seemed to improve the survival of patients with lymphoma, while curative gastric resection provided the only hope for long-term survival for patients with gastric sarcoma. The place of adjuvant chemotherapy after curative resection of gastric lymphoma and sarcoma remains to be investigated.
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PMID:Primary lymphomas and sarcomas of the stomach. 698 51