Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Minocycline is a tetracycline derivative with multiple clinical uses including the treatment of various infections, acne vulgaris, and rosacea. Numerous adverse events have been reported ranging from minor complaints such as nausea, to serious life-threatening toxicities such as acute renal failure, hepatotoxicity, and systemic lupus erythematosus. We report the case of an 18-year-old female patient who developed minocycline-induced cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa after taking minocycline for acne vulgaris. The vasculitis resolved after discontinuation of the minocycline without need for corticosteroids. This case is the eighth biopsy-confirmed case of minocycline-induced polyarteritis nodosa. Although minocycline is an effective medication with a wide variety of clinical uses, clinicians must be aware of its potential side effects including autoimmune-related disorders such as polyarteritis nodosa or systemic lupus erythematosus.
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PMID:Minocycline-induced cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa. 1755 82

Gadolinium-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents (Gad-CA) were formerly considered as alternatives to X-ray-employed iodinated media. Although originally thought to be nonnephrotoxic and proven to be nonhazardous in a healthy population, the Gad-CA safety issue is progressively more controversial in the high-risk group of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Recently, Gad-CAs have not only been blamed for harmless side effects such as dizziness or nausea but also for much more severe complications such as acute renal failure, pancreatitis, or even the development of so-called "nephrogenic systemic fibrosis" in patients with renal failure, culminating in the prohibition of gadodiamide (Omniscan) administration in ESRD patients and, due to renal-organ immaturity, in newborns and infants up to 1 year old. This editorial is written to give insights into the molecular structure of Gad-CAs as well as into the potential biochemical pathomechanisms underlying the aforementioned severe clinical manifestations. Furthermore, a review about the latest literature on Gad-CA nephrotoxicity is provided. Potential risk factors are mentioned and strategies to avoid deterioration of renal function are presented. Cases with Gad-CA-associated adverse events should be adequately documented and reported appropriately. MRI professionals should collaborate closely with their colleagues from other medical specialties to identify patients with adverse events.
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PMID:Good MRI images: to Gad or not to Gad? 1757 78

The bis-phenazine XR5944.14 is a novel cytotoxic agent which intercalates into DNA and inhibits transcription. The objectives of this study were to determine the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and to describe the pharmacokinetics (PKs) of XR5944.14 when given at doses ranging from 3.6 to 36 mg m(-2) every 3 weeks to patients with advanced tumours. Twenty-seven patients were treated with a total of 77 cycles. Dose-limiting toxicities occurred at doses > or =24 mg m(-2). Oral mucositis was the most common DLT. Two patients developed acute renal failure possibly related to the study drug. Other less-severe toxicities were diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting and fatigue. Haematological toxicity was mild. One patient showed an objective partial response. Pharmacokinetic analysis was performed during the first cycle of treatment and plasma was assayed for XR5944.14 using a validated liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The systemic exposure of XR5944.14 increased more than proportionally with increasing dose, with inter-patient variability increasing from dose level 24 mg m(-2) onwards. The lack of correlation between toxicity and PK values makes it difficult to recommend a dose for further study in phase 2 trials. More work is needed to explain the inter- and intra-individual variation in PKs and pharmacodynamics.
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PMID:First-into-man phase I and pharmacokinetic study of XR5944.14, a novel agent with a unique mechanism of action. 1784 59

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality in solid organ transplant recipients. Gastrointestinal (GI) tract infection by CMV in this population can cause symptomatic disease, which typically manifests as fever, abdominal pain, nausea, and bloody diarrhea. Erosive lesions of the GI mucosa are often evident on endoscopic exam. We report an unusual presentation of CMV enteritis in a kidney and liver transplant recipient with the development of acute onset voluminous watery diarrhea in the absence of other typical symptoms and subsequent progression to hypovolemic shock and acute renal failure. This case emphasizes the atypical presentations of common opportunistic infections that may occur in immunosuppressed hosts.
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PMID:Unusual presentation of cytomegalovirus enteritis after liver and kidney transplantation. 1785 Feb 46

We report two cases of acute renal failure in patients with nonfulminant acute hepatitis A. First case is a healthy 25 year-old man complained of myalgia and jaundice. Initial laboratory results showed BUN 40 mg/dL, creatinine 5.23 mg/dL, AST 2,220 IU/L, ALT 3,530 IU/L, total bilirubin 6.26 mg/dL, and positive anti-HAV IgM antibody. Supportive treatments including fluid therapy were started. Serum creatinine and total bilirubin levels were 7.98 mg/dL and 7.66 mg/dL respectively on the 5th hospital day, and decreased gradually. He was discharged on the 12th hospital day, and was being followed up in outpatient department. Second case is a 33 year-old woman who admitted for bilateral flank pain, high fever, nausea, and vomiting. She was diagnosed as acute pyelonephritis and acute hepatitis A. On admission, BUN 13 mg/dL, creatinine 0.74 mg/dL, AST 3,720 IU/L, ALT 2,280 IU/L, total bilirubin 0.9 mg/dL were noted, and acute renal failure developed next day. Fluid therapy with antibiotics administration were started, and maximal BUN and creatinine was 41.7 and 8.09 mg/dL respectively on the 8th day. She recovered without dialysis and was discharged on the 19th hospital day. Proper and prompt comprehensive supportive measures would decrease the need for dialysis in patient of acute renal failue associated with acute hepatitis A.
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PMID:[Two cases of acute renal failure associated with nonfulminant acute hepatitis A]. 1792 55

Exertional heat illness is primarily a multi-system disorder results from the combined effect of exertional and thermoregulation stress. The severity of exertional heat illness can be classified as mild, intermediate and severe from non-specific symptoms like thirst, myalgia, poor concentration, hysteria, vomiting, weakness, cramps, impaired judgement, headache, diarrhea, fatigue, hyperventilation, anxiety, and nausea to more severe symptoms like exertional dehydration, heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heat injury, heatstroke, rhabdomyolysis, and acute renal failure. At its early stage, it is quite difficult to find out the severity of disease with manual screening because of overlapping of symptoms. Therefore, one need to classify automatically the disease based on symptoms. The 7:10:1 backpropagation artificial neural network model has been used to predict the clinical outcome from the symptoms that are routinely available to clinicians. The model has found to be effective in differentiating the different stages of exertional heat-illness with an overall performance of 100%.
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PMID:Backpropagation ANN-based prediction of exertional heat illness. 1804 Dec 90

A 57-year-old schizophrenic woman presented with lethargy, nausea, vomiting, and anorexia after coin ingestion. She was found to have multiple organ dysfunction manifested as hepatitis, pancreatitis, severe anemia with markedly depressed bone marrow response, extravascular hemolysis, and acute renal failure. Prolonged exposure to zinc from massive coin ingestion was responsible. Zinc poisoning is an unusual consequence of coin ingestion in the adult human literature. A detailed discussion on zinc poisoning, as well as the pitfalls in radiological diagnosis of massive coin ingestion, is presented.
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PMID:Massive penny ingestion: the loot with local and systemic effects. 1818 Jan 30

Ecstasy (3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine, or MDMA) is a recreational drug widely used among young people in discos or rave parties (1,2). MDMA is taken because it gives a feeling of euphoria, enhances energy and sociability, and heightens sensations and sexual arousal. However, several side effects have been described: headache, nausea, anorexia, xerostomia, insomnia, myalgia, trismus, and bruxism (2,3). More serious complications have also been reported, sometimes even leading to death: hyperthermia, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, liver failure, and water intoxication (2,3). We report the unusual case of a death due to an apparent allergic reaction following ecstasy ingestion.
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PMID:Death from a possible anaphylactic reaction to ecstasy. 1825 64

Bentazone is a herbicide widely used in the agrochemical field and acts by interference in photosynthesis in plants. Case reports of bentazone poisoning in humans are rare, but hepatorenal damage and death have been described, though the mechanism of toxicity remains speculative. We describe 2 cases of acute bentazone poisoning and compare these with other literature reports. The clinical picture included nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain with gastrointestinal corrosive injury, dyspnea and acute hepatorenal dysfunction. Respiratory failure, acute hepatitis, acute renal failure requiring hemodialysis, and death occurred following a large ingested dose of 1,764 mg/kg. Bentazone may have direct organ toxicity, especially in liver and kidney, in subjects with renal hypoperfusion, rhabdomyolysis, preexisting renal disease or concomitant nephrotoxic drug consumption. Aggressive supportive therapy, hydration and measures to prevent renal hypoperfusion are essential to reverse acute renal failure.
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PMID:Acute renal failure induced by bentazone: 2 case reports and a comprehensive review. 1844 22

Hypersensitivity to inulin (polyfructan) is a rare event; two cases of food allergy and some patients presenting with allergy and hypersensitivity after inulin infusion have been reported. An 11-year-old boy suffering from severe immunoglobulin (Ig)A nephropathy (IgAN) experienced both anaphylactic reaction and concomitant relapse of his nephropathy following inulin infusion, used for measuring glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 2 years after the appearance of his initial symptoms. Pruritus, wheezing and cough were observed during a first renal function test; results of prick and intradermal tests were negative for inulin. The patient presented with pallor, asthenia and oliguria when a second inulin infusion was performed under dexchlorpheniramine, leading to the immediate cessation of the infusion. He was readmitted 2 days later because of fatigue and nausea related to acute renal failure. A drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis was first suspected. However, due to the presence of macroscopic haematuria and proteinuria, a renal biopsy was performed and showed acute proliferative relapse of IgAN. The underlying mechanism of inulin hypersensitivity is not well known. We can hypothesize that inulin had activated the innate immune system. Inulin may, thus, have been the initiating event of the renal relapse, acting like an infection, in a patient with IgA-mediated immunological dysregulation.
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PMID:'Renal hypersensitivity' to inulin and IgA nephropathy. 1853 47


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