Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 73-year-old man underwent laparoscopic repair of intrathoracic gastric volvulus after presenting with chest discomfort and inability to belch. After a few weeks, he developed early satiety, nausea and postprandial bloating and was found to have developed a tight stenosis 2 cm proximal to the pylorus. He underwent a series of endoscopies with balloon dilation with full resolution of symptoms and is doing well at 1-year follow-up. Gastric volvulus with ischemia resulting in a stricture has not been previously reported.
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PMID:Incarcerated intrathoracic stomach with antral ischemia resulting in gastric outlet obstruction: a case report. 1826 58

Portal vein thrombosis secondary to protein C deficiency is a rare finding. Diagnosing a portal vein thrombosis itself is difficult due to nonspecific symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and weight loss. Proving that a protein C deficiency is the cause of a portal vein thrombosis is even more difficult as an extensive and thorough workup is required to rule out malignancies, myeloproliferative disorders, and hypercoaguable states which can all lead to thromboses. Patients require anticoagulation to prevent two dangerous complications of portal vein thrombosis; portal hypertension leading to esophageal varices with massive hemetemesis and extension of thrombus from the portal vein into the mesenteric veins leading to intestinal ischemia and death. In this case report, we present a patient with the complaint of painless jaundice who was found to have an incidental finding of portal vein thrombosis secondary to protein C deficiency. The different etiologies of portal vein thrombosis, along with diagnosis and treatment options will be discussed and highlighted.
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PMID:A rare incidental finding in a case of painless jaundice. 3071 33

A 19-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with intermittent and progressively worsening abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. A computed tomographic scan revealed findings consistent with distal small bowel obstruction of unknown etiology. In the operating room, a torsed and gangrenous Meckel's diverticulum with extension of ischemia to adjacent small bowel was discovered and immediately resected. Pathology confirmed the diagnosis of gangrenous Meckel's diverticulum. Torsion and gangrene of a Meckel's diverticulum is a rare complication and often presents with vague and poorly localized signs and symptoms. The preoperative diagnosis is often difficult and presumed to be appendicitis or small bowel obstruction of unclear etiology. Complications of Meckel's diverticulum should be considered in patients with lower abdominal pain and acute abdomen.
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PMID:Torsion and gangrene of a Meckel's diverticulum. 1927 65

Inferior mesenteric venous thrombosis (IMVT) is a very rare disease of colon ischemia. We experienced two cases of IMVT that required operations. The first patient was a 74-year-old male, who was admitted to our hospital because of melena and diarrhea. He was diagnosed with IMVT by angiography. As no improvement was seen after the conservative therapy for a month, left colectomy and transverse colostomy were performed. There was a small ulcer in the resected colon mucosa. The findings of histopathological examination revealed that mild and repeated ischemia of the colon had been caused. The second patient was a 70-year-old male, who was admitted to our hospital with the chief complaint of constipation, lower abdominal pain and nausea. He was diagnosed as IMVT by angiography. As no improvement was seen after the conservative therapy for a month, an operation was performed. The operative findings confirmed severe swelling of mesenteric fatty tissue and vascular ectasia of mesocolon. Left colectomy and transverse colostomy were performed. Histopathological examination of surgical specimens disclosed the multiple thrombi and almost complete occlusion of the inferior mesenteric vein, the invasion of lipid-filled macrophages as mesenteric panniculitis, and ischemic change in the sigmoid colon mucosa.
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PMID:Inferior mesenteric venous thrombosis that required operations: report of two cases. 1962 81

Volvulus of the gastrointestinal tract, a clinically relevant cause of acute or recurring abdominal pain in adults, remains a diagnostic dilemma for radiologists in a large number of cases. The clinical symptoms associated with volvulus are often nonspecific and include pain and nausea with vomiting. Yet referring clinicians often rely on radiologists to make the diagnosis; volvulus is rarely diagnosed clinically. Radiography, fluoroscopy, and computed tomography are the imaging methods most often used for this purpose. Prompt diagnosis is critical to avoid life-threatening complications such as bowel ischemia and infarction. Thus, it is useful for radiologists to be familiar with the various appearances of volvulus throughout the gastrointestinal tract.
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PMID:Volvulus of the gastrointestinal tract: appearances at multimodality imaging. 1975 96

Dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation), which can be primary or secondary, is a common gynecological problem. Primary dysmenorrhea (normal gynecological finding) is caused by increased production of uterine prostaglandins. Namely, under the influence of hormonal changes and vegetative factors at the end of a menstrual cycle, in numerous girls and women with a normal gynecological finding, vasoconstriction in small uterine arteries and endometrial ischemia occur, resulting in excessive prostaglandins synthesis in endometrial cells. Local effect of prostaglandins on the uterus is manifested by painful uterine contractions during menstruation. Prostaglandins can cause general symptoms too (headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, urinary frequency) because they are released from endometrial cells and they reach the systemic circulation (increased plasma levels of prostaglandins, particularly F2 alpha prostaglandin). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are established as initial therapy for women with primary dysmenorrhea; besides that, oral contraceptives and other prescription drugs are taken into consideration as well as different forms of complementary therapy. In 20-25% of cases, the reduction of pain is not achieved by use of standard therapy. Clinical experiences have shown that significant pain regression during a menstrual cycle has been often achieved by the use of spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) indicated in women with primary dysmenorrhea with coexisting functional disorders of lumbosacral (LS) spine. Namely, by activation of the nociceptive and vegetative system, LS spine disorders, before all segmental dysfunction and degenerative changes, can induce referred pain and reflex disturbances of pelvic organs (somatovisceral reflexes). Since significant improvement or disappearance of pain during a menstrual cycle is often achieved with adequate therapy of coexisting vertebral disorders in women with primary dysmenorrhea, it is important to recognise latent or manifest vertebral disorders in dysmenorrheic women using clinical examination.
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PMID:[Dysmenorrhea induced by lumbosacral spine disorders. Pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy with special emphasis on spinal manipulative therapy]. 2003 Feb 92

Effort thrombosis usually afflicts an extremity and is caused by compression. This case report, in contrast, involves superior mesenteric and left portal vein septic thrombosis in a backpacker following prolonged hiking and abdominal straining. The condition may have been caused by localized splanchnic venous ischemia, erosion of the bowel-blood barrier, and release of bacterial endotoxin in this dehydrated and detrained athlete. Diagnosis of this disorder is aided by noting characteristic abdominal pain, fever, nausea, and vomiting, as well as by imaging with MRI, CT, or duplex ultrasonography. Antibiotics and anticoagulants are key to treatment.
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PMID:Portal venous thrombosis in a backpacker: the role of exercise. 2008 66

A 36-year-old man who was poorly compliant with his antihypertensive medication regimen was admitted to our hospital because he had nausea and an altered mental status. His disorientation increased on admission. His blood pressure was 219/156 mmHg. No focal neurologic deficits were detected, but a cranial computed tomography (CT) performed on admission revealed a low-density area in the brainstem region. Subsequent cranial T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed on the same day revealed high-intensity areas in the brainstem, bilateral cerebellar hemisphere, bilateral occipito-temporal subcortical white matter, right thalamus, and the right basal ganglia region. Diffusion-weighted MRI revealed that the edema was of vasogenic origin and was not indicative of ischemia/infarction. Biochemical testing revealed a blood urea nitrogen level of 35.7 mg/dL, a serum creatinine level of 3.27 mg/dL, proteinurea (4.6 g/24 hours), and a glomerular filtration rate of 47. 6 mL/min/1.83 m2. These findings suggested a diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The patient was diagnosed with hypertensive encephalopathy, and treatment with intravenous diltiazem was initiated. The clinical symptoms resolved 3 days after admission, and the abnormal findings in CT and MRI demonstrated completely resolved 44 days after admission. This was a rare case of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) that was caused by severe hypertension and was aggravated by discontinuation of antihypertensive therapy. RPLS was caused by vasogenic edema because of sudden elevations in systemic blood pressure which exceed the autoregulatory capacity of the brain vasculature.
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PMID:[Case of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome after discontinuation of antihypertensive therapy]. 2045 Jan 1

Among athletes strenuous exercise, dehydration and gastric emptying (GE) delay are the main causes of gastrointestinal (GI) complaints, whereas gut ischemia is the main cause of their nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and (blood) diarrhea. Additionally any factor that limits sweat evaporation, such as a hot and humid environment and/or body dehydration, has profound effects on muscle glycogen depletion and risk for heat illness. A serious underperfusion of the gut often leads to mucosal damage and enhanced permeability so as to hide blood loss, microbiota invasion (or endotoxemia) and food-born allergen absorption (with anaphylaxis). The goal of exercise rehydration is to intake more fluid orally than what is being lost in sweat. Sports drinks provide the addition of sodium and carbohydrates to assist with intestinal absorption of water and muscle-glycogen replenishment, respectively. However GE is proportionally slowed by carbohydrate-rich (hyperosmolar) solutions. On the other hand, in order to prevent hyponatremia, avoiding overhydration is recommended. Caregiver's responsibility would be to inform athletes about potential dangers of drinking too much water and also advise them to refrain from using hypertonic fluid replacements.
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PMID:Food-dependent, exercise-induced gastrointestinal distress. 2195 83

Postembolization syndrome (PES) is a common complication after embolic procedures, and it is a frequent cause of extended inpatient hospital admissions. PES is a self-limited constellation of symptoms consisting of fevers, unremitting nausea, general malaise, loss of appetite, and variable abdominal pain following the procedure. Although a definite cause is unknown, this syndrome is thought to be a result of therapeutic cytotoxicity, tumor ischemia, and resulting intrahepatic and extrahepatic inflammation. The authors report a case of PES precipitated by transcatheter intrarterial chemoembolization of hepatic metastases.
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PMID:Hepatic transcatheter arterial chemoembolization complicated by postembolization syndrome. 2265 64


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