Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 10-year-old girl with acute influenza B virus disease was given repetitive doses of acetaminophen by her mother to reduce the child's fever. When finally seen by trained medical personnel, the child was experiencing abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which are classic signs of acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. Despite these findings, the child was given additional acetaminophen and experienced lethal hepatotoxicity.
 ...
PMID:Parental and medical over-administration of acetaminophen causing lethal hepatotoxicity in a 10-year-old. 805 83

A Phase I trial was conducted to investigate the clinical toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and chemiluminescence (CL) responses of alveolar macrophages (AMs), peripheral blood neutrophils, and monocytes after subcutaneous injection of recombinant interferon-gamma (rIFN-gamma). Six patients with lung cancer received rIFN-gamma subcutaneously as single doses of 0.2, 0.6, and 1.8 mg. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed three times: 21 h before as well as 6-7 and 27 h after injection. Serum samples were taken five times during the 27-h follow-up. IFN concentrations were measured from alveolar epithelial lining fluid (ELF) and serum by using an antiviral bioassay. IFN-gamma was not detectable in ELF after subcutaneous injection. AMs did not effect an increase in CL responses to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine or to phosphate-buffered saline. Circulating IFN-gamma was detectable at 3-12 h after an injection of 1.8 mg of rIFN-gamma, the highest dose given. CL responses of peripheral blood monocytes increased in all patients after injection, whereas the responses of neutrophils were less clear-cut. All patients developed systemic side effects such as transient fever, nausea, headaches, and flu-like symptoms. The findings suggest that rIFN-gamma passes poorly from the blood to the pulmonary alveoli. On the basis of this and our previous findings of increased CL responses in AMs and measurable IFN concentrations in ELF after inhalation of rIFN-gamma, we recommend inhalation rather than the parenteral route of IFN-gamma for the treatment of respiratory diseases.
 ...
PMID:Subcutaneously administered recombinant interferon-gamma in humans: pharmacokinetics and effects on chemiluminescence responses of alveolar macrophages, blood neutrophils, and monocytes. 806 1

Seventy-five non-dialized patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and severe renal anemia were enrolled in a study, receiving r-HuEPO subcutaneously thrice weekly for 6 months. In 64 patients (85%) 7 weeks of treatment with a weekly dose of 158 U/kg were required to achieve Hb concentrations within the target range of 10 to 12 g/dl. Of the 11 patients (15%) who failed to achieve the target Hb range, none were considered to be non-responders as they were excluded for unrelated reasons prior to week 16 (8 cases), or were iron deficient (2 cases), or had bleeding complications (1 patient). Maintaining the Hb concentration at a level of 10.5 g/dl required a mean r-HuEPO dose of 92 U/kg per week. Adverse events were generally mild or moderate. The most commonly reported were hypertension (8%), viral infection/including flu-like syndrome (7%), nausea (7%), and dizziness (5%). Statistically significant increases in mean creatinine concentrations observed after 12 and 24 weeks were most likely due to the progression of renal disease. These results confirm that 50 U/kg of r-HuEPO given 3 times per week subcutaneous provide a safe and effective therapy for anemic predialysis patients.
 ...
PMID:Effectiveness and safety of recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) in the treatment of anemia of chronic renal failure in non dialysis patients. European Multicentre Study Group. 807 Sep 41

The safety of licensed influenza virus vaccine (IVV) combined with a novel adjuvant containing muramyl tripeptide (MTP) conjugated to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) was evaluated in a randomized pilot study. Ten healthy 23-30-year-old men were given a single intramuscular dose of IVV combined with saline (n = 5) or with 100 micrograms of MTP-PE in the MF59 adjuvant emulsion (MF59-100) (n = 5). Evaluations were performed on days 0, 1, 2, 4, 7 and 28 after inoculation. IVV alone was well tolerated. All volunteers immunized with IVV/MF59-100 experienced moderate to severe local and systemic reactions which interfered with usual activities. Discomfort at the injection site was first noted at 2-6 h; induration (5/5), erythema (3/5), and regional adenopathy (3/5) persisted for up to 4 days. Systemic symptoms including chills (5/5), fever (3/5), nausea (3/5) and/or dizziness (2/5) developed within 12 h of inoculation and resolved by 48 h. Elevated white blood cell count (days 1 and 2), erythrocyte sedimentation rate and serum fibrinogen were transiently observed. Although peak serum neutralizing antibody titres versus influenza A/H3N2 and influenza B antigens were higher in the group given IVV with MF59-100, these unexpected reactions indicate that this dose of adjuvant is unsuitable for use in combination with this IVV.
 ...
PMID:Pilot evaluation of influenza virus vaccine (IVV) combined with adjuvant. 821 35

Amonafide, a benzisoquinoline-1,3-dione was administered to 38 patients with recurrent or metastatic, bidimensionally measurable endometrial cancer. There were 34 patients with no prior cytotoxic chemotherapy, performance status of 0-2, and normal bone marrow, renal, and hepatic function were eligible for response and toxicity evaluation. Amonafide, 300 mg/m2, was administered intravenously over 1 hour daily for 5 consecutive days. Courses were repeated every 21 days. The major grade 3 or 4 toxicities were hematologic with granulocytopenia in 18 patients (53%), thrombocytopenia in 6 patients (18%), and anemia in 8 patients (24%). Infectious complications occurred in 3 patients (9%). Other side effects included cardiac dysrhythmias, hypotension, pain and phlebitis at the site of injection, nausea, vomiting, and flu-like symptoms. The overall objective response rate was 6% (95% confidence interval of 1-20%); 2 patients had a complete response (6%), 9 patients had stable disease (26%) and 21 patients had progressive disease (62%). Two patients had insufficient follow-up for response determination and are assumed to be nonresponders. The median survival of the eligible patients was 8 months. With the toxicity observed and the low response rate, amonafide at this dose and schedule has no efficacy in the treatment of endometrial cancer.
 ...
PMID:Phase II trial of amonafide in patients with advanced metastatic or recurrent endometrial adenocarcinoma. A Southwest Oncology Group study. 831 Oct 5

Previous experiences in subjects with other forms of third space fluid accumulation have shown that albumin is efficacious in preventing and correcting haemodynamic instability. Using a similar approach in an effort to increase the serum oncotic pressure and to reverse the leakage of fluids from the intravascular space, high risk subjects for severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (SOHS) were treated with albumin. In a recent large study two high risk factors were identified, i.e. the number of oocytes and levels of serum oestradiol. Thirty-six women undergoing assisted reproductive techniques who presented both these factors, received intravenous albumin at a dose of 5% in Ringers lactate in doses of 500 ml during oocyte retrieval and 500 ml immediately thereafter in the recovery room. Daily measurements of urine output, serum and urine electrolytes, weight, abdominal girth, and haematocrit prior to and after oocyte retrieval revealed normal serum and urine electrolyte levels, and no signs of haemoconcentration. No patient in this study developed SOHS, and of course none had to be hospitalized. Vaginal ultrasound performed in the majority of the subjects revealed < or = 100 ml of peritoneal fluid 48-72 h after oocyte retrieval. The only complication from the use of intravenous albumin was the appearance of a 'flu-like condition' (low grade temperature, nausea and muscle pains) developed by 12 women between days 3 and 5 after oocyte collection. Intravenous albumin had thus prevented the development of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in an assisted reproduction programme.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:The use of intravenous albumin in patients at high risk for severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. 856 7

Following extensive phase II trials of the combination of dacarbazine and interferon-alpha 2a we performed a prospective, randomized, controlled trial of this combination versus dacarbazine alone as systemic therapy for symptomatic, measurable metastatic malignant melanoma. The two treatment arms were well matched for age, sex, performance, status, relapse-free survival, prior therapy and sites of disease. Therapy consisted of dacarbazine given in combination in escalating doses of 200 mg/m2, 400 mg/m2 and 800 mg/m2 i.v. every 3 weeks, or alone at 800 mg/m2 i.v. every 3 weeks. Interferon was administered subcutaneously starting at 3 mU daily on days 1-3, 9 mU daily on days 4-70, then 9 mU three times per week. Therapy was continued for at least 6 months unless overt progressive disease was observed. Eighty seven patients were randomized to the combination and 83 patients to dacarbazine alone. Response rates were respectively, complete 7% and 2%, and partial 14% and 15%, for a total response rate of 21% (95% confidence limits 13-31%) and 17% (95% confidence limits 10-27%). Median duration of response was 258 and 286 days, and survival of the whole groups 229 and 269 days respectively. Toxicity was worse in the combination arm, with more patients experiencing fatigue, nausea and anorexia, flu-like symptoms and neutropenia. However quality of life was not significantly different in either group, except that fatigue, as measured at week 12 by LASA scales, and activity, as measured by the functional living index, were both improved in the combination.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Interferon-alpha 2a does not improve response or survival when combined with dacarbazine in metastatic malignant melanoma: results of a multi-institutional Australian randomized trial. 851 52

To elucidate the early clinical characteristics of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS), we compared the clinical features of 24 cases of HPS with those of cases of bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia (n = 30), influenza (n = 33), or unexplained adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS, n = 21). On admission, patients with HPS were less likely than outpatients with influenza to have reported sore throat (OR = 0.02, P < .01) and cough (OR = 0.1, P = .01) and were less likely than patients with pneumococcal pneumonia to have lobar infiltrates detected by chest roentgenography (OR = 0, P < .01). Multivariate discriminant analysis revealed that three clinical characteristics at admission (dizziness, nausea or vomiting, and absence of cough) and three initial laboratory abnormalities (low platelet count, low serum bicarbonate level, and elevated hematocrit level) served to identify all patients with HPS and to exclude HPS in at least 80% of patients with unexplained ARDS. These findings warrant further study and should facilitate the early recognition of patients with HPS, who may benefit from early critical-care intervention.
 ...
PMID:Clinical features that differentiate hantavirus pulmonary syndrome from three other acute respiratory illnesses. 852 58

The efficacy and safety of gemcitabine at a starting dose of 800 mg m2 administered once a week for 3 weeks with 1 week's rest was investigated in chemonaive patients with advanced and/or metastatic pancreatic cancer. Of 34 patients, 32 were evaluable for efficacy, 20 patients had metastatic stage IV disease, 25 had a performance status of 1 and 26 (76%) patients has significant pain on presentation. All responses were independently validated by an external oncology review board: two patients achieved a partial response that lasted 5.8 and 5.2 months (6.3%) and six patients were stable for at least 4 weeks. The median duration of survival for evaluable patients was 6.3 months (range 1.6-19.2 months). The tumour markers, CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 195 were serially measured in 16 patients. There was a good correlation with tumour response when all three markers were significantly decreased. In 4 of 16 patients, tumour marker levels decreased by > or = 60%, including the two responders, one patient who survived for 12 months and one patient who showed objective tumour shrinkage but was deemed ineligible for response evaluation because the disease was considered not to be bidimensionally measurable. Symptomatic benefits included improvement in performance status (17.2%), analgesic requirement (7.4%), pain score (28.6%) and nausea (27.3%). The mean number of cycles administered was 2.5 and the mean dosage received was 890 mg m2 per injection. Seventy-four per cent of dose administrations were given on schedule. Toxicity, particularly haematological toxicity, reported as the maximum WHO grade experienced by patients was mild. Infective episodes were rare and limited to WHO grade 2 (6.7%). Nausea and vomiting was generally modest (WHO grade 3, 26.7%). Other side-effects included mild transient flu-like symptoms (seven patients) and peripheral oedema (three patients), which was not associated with abnormal cardiac hepatic or renal function. Gemcitabine has modest activity in pancreatic cancer, a limited positive improvement on a range of patient benefit parameters and has a mild toxicity profile. For these reasons and because of its novel mode of action, gemcitabine warrants further investigation in combination studies in pancreatic cancer.
 ...
PMID:Phase II study of gemcitabine in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. 855 69

Preclinical data have shown a synergism between 5-fluorouracil and interferon-gamma against human colon carcinoma cell lines. We conducted a phase II trial of this combination in 34 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. 5-Fluorouracil was administered as an intravenous bolus of 500 mg/m2 weekly and interferon-gamma subcutaneous injection at a dose of 200 micrograms (6 x 10(6) IU) 3 times a week. Thirty-two patients were evaluable for response. There was one complete and two partial responses (response rate 9.0%, 95% CI 1.98-25.02%). Eleven patients (34%) had stable disease. Common toxicities included fever 81%, nausea/vomiting 19%, diarrhea 16%, flu-like syndrome 16%, malaise 12.5% and leukopenia 12.5%. These results indicate that the above combination of 5-fluorouracil and interferon-gamma has an unimpressive activity in patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma. Toxicity was very tolerable.
 ...
PMID:Phase II study of 5-fluorouracil and interferon-gamma in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. A Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group Study. 860 43


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>