Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The drug 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine-C8 (FUdR-C8), one of the lipophilic prodrugs of FUdR, was dissolved in an oily lymphographic agent (Lipiodol Ultra Fluid, Andre Gelbe Laboratory, Paris, France; Ethiodol, Savage Laboratories, Melville, NY) and used for the intraarterial treatment of malignant liver tumors. From August 1985 to June 1988, 33 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and 13 patients with metastatic liver tumors were treated with this agent at the Kumamoto University Hospital and its affiliated hospitals. The response rate (complete remission [CR] and partial remission [PR]) was 27.6% for hepatocellular carcinomas and 46.1% for metastatic liver tumors. The cumulative 1-year survival rate was 55.1% for hepatocellular carcinomas and 70.0% for metastatic liver tumors. More than a 50% decrease in the tumor marker level was observed in ten of 21 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and in two of eight patients with metastatic liver tumors. The side effects, which were transient and controlled with conservative treatment, included fever, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and acute gastritis.
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PMID:Intraarterial infusion of 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine-C8 dissolved in a lymphographic agent in malignant liver tumors. A preliminary report. 255 39

Continuous arterial infusion chemotherapy is associated with a significantly greater tumor response rate, though patients must be hospitalized for a long time. This paper describes techniques and our experience with arterial continuous infusion chemotherapy for outpatients using implantable port and ambulatory pump. Eleven patients (liver metastasis of colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and local recurrence of rectal cancer) were treated with continuous arterial infusion chemotherapy at our outpatient clinic. The chemotherapy infusions were carried out repeatedly for 5.7 months on average (10-2 months) with 5-FU or CDDP. Total periods of infusions were 64.8 days on the average (136-24 days). The infusion dose and frequency of drug refilling were limited by pump quality. A major complication occurred only in one patient who developed arterial thrombosis. Minor complications were mainly gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting) and abdominal pain, which were easily corrected with drugs. The tumor responses were as follows: PR 1 case, MR 1 case, NC 7 cases and PD 2 cases. Home arterial continuous infusion chemotherapy reduced the hospitalized period and helped patients return to work. Therefore it may well contribute to improve the quality of life of cancer patients.
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PMID:[Continuous arterial infusion chemotherapy in cancer cases followed as outpatients]. 278 3

Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II (CDDP; 52-169 mg/m2) mixed with angiotensin II (1.5-10 micrograms/min) was infused into the hepatic artery in 33 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Simultaneously, sodium thiosulfate (10-50 g) was administered intravenously in order to reduce the systemic toxicity of CDDP. Over 50 per cent reduction in tumor size was obtained in 18 patients (55%). Complete response was achieved in 4 patients (12%). Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels decreased by more than 75 per cent in 10 of 18 patients in whom the previous AFP level was more than 200 ng/ml. The one year survival rate was estimated at 61 per cent by the Kaplan-Meier method. Alimentary symptoms (nausea, vomiting) were mild or non-existent in nearly 90 per cent of treatments. Peptic ulcer and abdominal pain were manifested in small numbers. Severe changes in the laboratory data were not observed. High dosage arterial infusion of CDDP and angiotensin II and intravenous injection of sodium thiosulfate was well tolerated and gave effective therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:Intra-arterial cis-platinum infusion with sodium thiosulfate protection and angiotensin II induced hypertension for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. 283 19

Four patients with advanced hepatic malignancy have been investigated with a view to intra-arterial treatment with degradable starch microspheres (DSM) and mitomycin-C (MMC). Computer-assisted interpretation of data gathered during the administration of technetium-labelled albumin allows the degree of arteriovenous shunting within the liver to be measured. In a similar way, the effectiveness of DSM in blocking hepatic arterial flow is determined. Two patients showed unacceptably high levels of shunting (75% and 100%) and were excluded from further study. One patient with hepatocellular carcinoma shunted only 24% of the macroaggregated albumin, and flow through the liver was reduced to 48% by DSM therapy. This patient has undergone four courses of MMC without significant toxic complications. The last patient had 25% shunting. The DSM titration and the first MMC administration had to be abandoned because of severe abdominal pain and nausea related to a fracture of the intra-arterial catheter. Complications directly associated with the procedures have been acceptable. The relationship between flow reduction and the amount of DSM administered is non-linear, and the appropriate dose of DSM for each treatment must be titrated against both the patient's symptoms and the computer-generated flow indices.
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PMID:Initial clinical experience with degradable starch microspheres. 283 15

A case of extrahepatically growing hepatocellular carcinoma is reported, and the Japanese literature is reviewed. A 42-year-old man was admitted to our hospital on December 27, 1985 complaining of epigastralgia and nausea. Ultrasonography and computerized tomography showed a large tumor in the right hepatic lobe. This Was removed surgically and examined histologically.
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma with extrahepatic growth: a case report and review of the Japanese literature. 284 Nov 83

Seventeen patients with primary or metastatic malignancy in the liver were treated with 'two-route chemotherapy' (TRC). One course of this TRC consisted of hepatic artery infusion of cisplatin, 120 mg/m2, in combination with concurrent intravenous administration of sodium thiosulfate, its neutralizing agent, at a dose of 9.0 g/m2 by a rapid push, followed by 1.2 g/m2/h by continuous infusion for 6 h. Five of 11 (45%) hepatocellular carcinoma and two of six (33%) metastatic tumors achieved partial response. Although almost all patients experienced nausea or vomiting, severe side-effects, including nephrotoxicity, peripheral neuropathy or ototoxicity, were not encountered. Myelosuppression was observed in one patient after seven courses of this TRC. The results indicate that TRC may be relatively effective against hepatic malignancies in patients without severe toxicity.
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PMID:'Two-route chemotherapy' using intra-arterial cisplatin and intravenous sodium thiosulfate, its neutralizing agent, for hepatic malignancies. 266 Dec 36

A phase II study of VP-16, a semisynthetic Podophyllotoxin, was performed in patients with solid tumors. VP-16 was administered orally at a dose of 200mg/day for 5 consecutive days at 3 to 4-week intervals. Out of 41 patients who were entered into the study, 35 patients comprising 17 lung cancer, 10 hepatoma and 8 other tumors were evaluable. There were 4 partial responses (23.5%) for lung cancer, 1 (10.0%) for hepatoma and 1 for rhabdomyosarcoma. Overall response rate was 18.2% for patients with prior chemotherapy and 15.4% for those given no prior chemotherapy respectively. Thus the results indicated VP-16 has no cross-resistance to other antitumor agents. Leukopenia (less than 4,000/mm3) and thrombocytopenia (less than 10 X 10(4)/mm3) were observed in 72.7% and 29.4% of the patients, respectively. Other toxicities were alopecia (59.5%) and gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea (46.2%), vomiting (20.5%) and anorexia (20.5%), but these were all well tolerated.
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PMID:[Phase II study of VP-16 (capsule) in solid tumors. A cooperative study]. 298 32

9,10-Anthracenedicarboxaldehyde bis[(4,5-dihydro-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)hydrazone] dihydrochloride (CL216,942) is a new anthracene bishydrazone derivative that was evaluated in a Phase I clinical trial. The schedule of administration consisted of a single i.v. injection repeated at 4-week intervals. Twenty-eight patients received a total of 61 courses of the drug in a dose range of 20 to 280 mg/sq m. Leukopenia was the dose-limiting toxicity. It was of short duration and reversible. A drug-induced hypotension was noted at higher doses in three patients. The hypotension was not dose limiting, it was reversible, and it could largely be avoided by prolonging the drug infusion time to 1 hr. One patient with unsuspected severe coronary artery disease died of complications of myocardial infarction subsequent to a hypotensive episode. Significant phlebitis was also noted at higher doses of drug. This degree of phlebitis could be lessened by diluting the drug in larger volumes of fluid. Three patients experienced diaphoresis, nausea, palpitations, and chest discomfort at the conclusion of the infusions. None of the patients had electrocardiographic changes. Mild fever, alopecia, and nausea and vomiting were noted occasionally. One patient with a hypernephroma and one patient with hepatocellular carcinoma experienced partial responses of their tumors secondary to the drug. Phase II studies of CL216,942 are planned at a starting dose of 260 mg/sq m as a single dose repeated at 21- to 28-day intervals.
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PMID:Phase I clinical investigation of 9,10-anthracenedicarboxaldehyde bis[(4,5-dihydro-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)hydrazone] dihydrochloride (CL216,942). 626 75

Twenty-one patients with solid tumors were treated with weekly 6-h intravenous infusions of dichloromethotrexate (DCM), with escalating doses every other week. Frequently observed toxicities included leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and mucositis. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and elevation of hepatic enzymes and bilirubin occurred less often. The toxicity of DCM was dose-dependent; the maximum tolerated dosage excalation plan was 400 mg/m2 x 2 weeks, 800 mg/m2 x 2 weeks, and then 1,200 mg/m2 weekly. Plasma concentrations of DCM were measured during 61 infusions and apparent half-lives determined. The plasma elimination of DCM appears to be similar to that of methotrexate. Three objective tumor responses seen in the seven hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated warrant further investigation.
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PMID:Evaluation of weekly escalating doses of dichloromethotrexate in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and other solid tumors. 629 94

The possible association of hepatocellular carcinoma with oral contraceptive (OC) use is supported by the case of a 33-year old black female, gravida 5, para 4. She presented in April 1978 with right upper quadrant pain, nausea, vomiting, and fatty food intolerance. The case had been taking norethindrone, 1 mg with mestranol 0.05, for 2 years. There was no history of liver disease, alcohol abuse, or exposure to chemical toxins. The preoperative diagnosis was subacute cholecystitis; however, an unresectable primary liver tumor of both lobes was detected on surgery. OC use was discontinued, and the case refused chemotherapy. On December 1, 1978, she presented with a 9-week pregnancy which was aborted. Physical examination revealed an enlarged liver and mass in the upper right quadrant. The patient was readmitted December 11 with intractable pain and discharged. She died December 28, 1978. At autopsy the liver tumor appeared as a moderate to poorly differentiated hepatoma with irregular hyperchromatic nuclei. There was no evidence of coexistent benign lesions. The rapid progression of the disease following pregnancy suggests that hepatic growth was stimulated by the high estrogen levels of pregnancy. Earlier diagnosis and improved management are required in such cases. Ultrasonography can be used to confirm the presence of a mass, and liver scan or hepatic angiogram may be useful. Liver biopsy is required for definitive diagnosis. Treatment involves discontinuation of OC use and complete excision of the tumor where possible. If tumors have progressed beyond the stage of resectability, as in this case, the prognosis is poor.
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma associated with oral contraceptive use and pregnancy. 629 72


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