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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A multicenter phase II study was performed to evaluate cisplatin (CDDP) in patients with gastric carcinoma or colon carcinoma. Ninety-nine cases of gastric carcinoma and 25 cases of colon carcinoma were entered into the study. According to the eligibility criteria prepared for the study protocol, 28 and 5 patients were excluded from the stomach and colon group, respectively. CDDP, 70-100 mg/m2, was administered intravenously with sufficient hydration. The efficacy rates evaluated by the UICC tumor reduction criteria were 19.1% (13/68 cases) in gastric carcinoma and 5.0% (1/20 cases) in colon carcinoma. Lymph node metastasis and metastatic abdominal tumor were effective targets for CDDP treatment. As side-effects of CDDP, nausea/vomiting (69.2%) and general malaise (35.2%) were observed. CDDP was thus considered to be one of the effective chemotherapeutic agents for treatment of gastric carcinoma.
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PMID:[Phase II study with cisplatin in advanced stomach and colon carcinoma. Cooperative Study Group of Cisplatin for Stomach and Colon Carcinoma]. 267 69

Locoregional recurrence in patients with Stage C3 (adjacent organ invasion) rectal carcinoma approaches 100% when surgery is not followed by adjuvant radiation therapy. The advent of the intestinal sling procedure (use of an absorbable polyglycolic acid mesh to suspend the small bowel out of the pelvis) has allowed tumoricidal doses (5000 cGy) of radiation therapy to be delivered to the pelvis without incurring radiation associated small bowel injury (RASBI). This surgical technique has allowed us to readdress the question, "what is the effectiveness of postoperative radiation therapy when tumoricidal doses can be safely administered to patients with Stage C3 rectal cancer?" Nineteen consecutive patients with Stage C3 rectal carcinoma underwent resective procedures and simultaneous use of the intestinal sling procedure. Postoperatively, all patients underwent contrast simulation studies that documented the small bowel above the sacral promentory. Tumoricidal doses ranging from 5200 to 5800 cGy (mean, 5600 cGy) were administered in fractionated doses. No patient demonstrated obstruction, infection, nausea, vomiting, cramps, diarrhea, or acute RASBI. There have been two locoregional recurrences in a mean follow-up period of 33 months (range, 12 to 54 months) in patients evaluated by physical examination, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels, computed axial tomography (CAT) scans, endoscopy, and reoperation or autopsy (P = 0.01). There have been ten distant recurrences (eight liver, one brain, and one lung). Three patients were reoperated on to rule out recurrence at 16, 17, and 24 months. All mesh was resorbed and there were no adhesions and no recurrent tumor. When the intestinal sling procedure is used, tumoricidal doses of radiation therapy can be safely administered without incurring RASBI. Postoperative high-dose radiation therapy can suppress locoregional recurrences in Stage C3 rectal carcinomas over and above what would be expected.
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PMID:The safe and effective use of postoperative radiation therapy in modified Astler Coller Stage C3 rectal cancer. 272 May 84

We describe a case of a 50 year old woman with a secondary involvement of the stomach from breast carcinoma. She complained of nausea, vomiting and epigastric pain resistant to gastroprotective drugs. Initially symptoms were attributed to the side effects of chemotherapeutic agents. Correct diagnosis led to effective treatment of gastrointestinal symptoms with consequent improvement in her quality of life.
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PMID:Gastric metastases from breast cancer: a case report. 274 Dec 21

A phase II study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy and safety of etoposide used as first-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced breast carcinoma. A total of 20 patients received 230 mg/m2 i.v. etoposide per day for 3 days (total, 690 mg/m2 per course) every 4 weeks. A total of 95 courses were given. Observed responses included 3 partial remissions (PR) and 14 cases of stable disease (NC). The median duration of response was 6 (PR) and 5.6 months (NC). Contrary to the severe hematological toxicity in heavily pretreated patients described in previous studies, no substantial problems were observed in this trial. No dose reduction was necessary, and only once did leukopenia lead to a 1-week delay in therapy. An increase in platelets up to a maximum of 685,000/mm3 was seen in all patients, particularly in those with bone metastases. No relation to the quality of remission or pretreatment was seen. Nausea, vomiting, and fatique were mild and transient, but alopecia occurred in all cases. One patient developed nonfatal anaphylactic shock after etoposide treatment.
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PMID:Phase II study with etoposide in previously untreated advanced breast cancer. 275 8

The intensity and dynamism of the toxicity of the neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen utilizing cis-diaminodichloro-platinum (CDDP) with continuous 5-day infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was recorded and analyzed during the treatment of 23 patients with histologically established epidermoid carcinoma of the oral cavity. The most frequent sign of toxicity was leukopenia and nausea/vomiting, both occurring in 78% of cases. Leukopenia was more frequent and serious than reported in other studies. On the contrary, nephrotoxicity was mild and less frequent (17%) compared to literary data. Diarrhea was associated with the administration of CDDP in 31%, minimal hair loss was recorded in 21% of cases. Other signs of toxicity were rare and mild. The degree of severity of toxicity was increasing with the number of treatment courses only with respect to hematologic parameters. No life-threatening complications were recorded. In seven cases continuous treatment had to be interrupted after three days due to leukopenia. With regard to toxicity, the applied treatment schedule (three courses) is fully acceptable, safe and suitable as neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the complex management of oral cavity carcinoma without the risk of delaying subsequent definitive treatment.
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PMID:[Toxicity of cisplatin with continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil in neoadjuvant chemotherapy of carcinoma of the oral cavity]. 275 35

An 81-year-old woman, diagnosed as having a lower bile duct carcinoma by percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and cytology of the bile after the onset of repeated nausea and fever around November, 1986, was given a pancreatoduodenectomy in February, 1987. From histological analyses of specimens taken at surgery, papillary adenocarcinoma of the lower bile duct was revealed with a massive amount of mucin in the cancerous gland lumens, the bile duct and the tubular adenocarcinoma retained in the mucosal layers of the gallbladder. Lying between these carcinoma sites was found atypical epithelia of a lesion borderline between benign and malignant (Group III). The patient's postoperative progress was fair, but she died suddenly of cerebral hemorrhage in July, 1988. No intraperitoneal or general carcinoma relapse was found at autopsy. This is one of the relatively rare cases of a simultaneous development of gallbladder and bile duct carcinomas and we found it of great interest that these carcinomas existed through an intermediate atypical epithelium.
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PMID:Simultaneous development of gallbladder and bile duct carcinomas with atypical epithelium intervention: a case report. 281 Aug 26

Eight patients with advanced incurable salivary gland carcinoma were treated with the combination of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (CAP). There were three clinical complete responses and two excellent partial responses. One of the three nonresponders had symptomatic improvement without any response in the measurable disease sites. Side effects were acceptable. All patients had moderate nausea and some degree of vomiting, which were adequately controlled by antiemetics. These results are preliminary but when considered with other reported trials using the same combination suggest an active treatment program for advanced neoplasms of the salivary glands.
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PMID:Preliminary experience with chemotherapy in advanced salivary gland neoplasms. 283 23

A clinical trial of a new semi-synthetic podophyllotoxin, VP-16, was undertaken in patients with primary lung cancer; 56 of the 81 evaluable patients had small cell carcinoma, 9 adenocarcinoma, 8 epidermoid carcinoma, 7 large cell carcinoma, and 1 adenosquamous carcinoma. A dose of 200 mg/body/day orally for 5 consecutive days was administered every 3 to 4 weeks. Partial response (PR) was attained in 19 out of 81 (23%) and PR + MR was 35 out of 81 (43%). PR and minor response (MR) were seen as follows; small cell carcinoma, 17 PR (30%), 13 MR; epidermoid carcinoma, 2 PR (25%), 1 MR; adenocarcinoma, 1 MR; adenosquamous carcinoma, 1 MR. The dose-limiting factor was leukopenia, while thrombocytopenia was experienced in 2 cases. Clinical toxicities noted were anorexia, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, diarrhea and alopecia, but these were well tolerated in all cases. The result indicated that VP-16 has considerable efficacy in small cell carcinoma and epidermoid carcinoma of the lung and hence its usefulness in combination chemotherapy was suggested.
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PMID:[A phase II study of oral VP-16 in primary lung cancer]. 299 76

A cooperative phase II study of cisplatin in head and neck cancer was conducted in 23 institutions. Eighty-nine patients were entered into this trial, of which 73 were evaluable. Two different regimens were employed in this study. Regimen A: cisplatin 10 mg/m2 intravenous (i.v.) infusion daily, days 1-5, q 3 wk. Regimen B: cisplatin 50 mg/m2 i.v. infusion, day 1, q 3 wk. Two patients achieved complete response and 17 achieved partial response with an overall response rate of 26.0%. By histological types, the response rate was 26.3% in the case of squamous cell carcinoma. Partial response were observed in 2 cases of adenocarcinoma and in one case each of adenoid cystic carcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma. The response rate was 19.4% for previously treated patients, as compared to 63.6% for the previously untreated group. Toxic effects were observed in 94.7% of 76 evaluable cases. From 50 to 68% of patients experienced nausea, vomiting and anorexia. No patient exhibited a serum creatinine level exceeding 2 mg/dl. Anemia and leukopenia were observed in 58.9% and 32.9% respectively. It is therefore concluded that cisplatin is markedly useful for the treatment of head and neck cancer.
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PMID:[A cooperative phase II study of cisplatin in patients with head and neck cancer]. 300 63

Fifteen patients with histologically confirmed pancreatic carcinoma, without evidence of gastroduodenal invasion or obstruction, were prospectively studied to determine the frequency of gastric emptying disorders as determined by a solid-phase gastric emptying study. Nine of these (60%) had gastric emptying curves more than two standard deviations below normal mean values. The majority of patients did not have symptoms of gastric stasis. Nausea and/or vomiting was present in 33% of patients with abnormal gastric emptying and in none of those with normal emptying. Abdominal and/or back pain was present in 8/9 with delayed gastric emptying and in 3/6 with normal emptying. Disordered gastric emptying did not correlate with tumor stage, histology, location, or hyperbilirubinemia. Delayed solid-food gastric emptying may be responsible for the nonspecific abdominal complaints that occur during the course of pancreatic carcinoma, although more frequently, gastroparesis exists on a subclinical level.
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PMID:Pancreatic carcinoma is associated with delayed gastric emptying. 300 47


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