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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study comparing 2 triphasic hormonal contraceptive preparations (combinations of ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel) is reported. SH B 264 AB was used by 594 women for 6628 cycles with no pregnancies, while 634 women used SH B 261 AB for 6025 cycles with 1 pregnancy. A lower incidence of breakthrough bleeding and spotting was observed among SH B 264 AB users, and this preparation ("Triquilon") is preferred to the other. Triquilon users had a menstrual cycle length of 26-30 days and an amenorrhea rate of .4%. There was a low rate of breakthrough bleedings and spottings, which was higher when patients forgot to take their pills. In the vast majority of Triquilar users, body weight and blood pressure remained constant. Subjective side effects (e.g. nausea, dizziness, headache) were infrequent and decreased as the length of Triquilar use increased. A separate study of 1440 cycles of Triquilar use and 1343 cycles of Microgynon use showed that, while the contraceptive effectiveness was the same, the incidence of breakthrough bleeding and spotting was significantly less frequent among Triquilar users.
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PMID:[The first three-stage preparation for hormonal contraception. Clinical results (author's transl)]. 11 12

The natural oestrogen, 17 beta-oestradiol, has been shown not to depress fibrinolysis and apparently has less influence on liver function and lipid metabolism than ethinyl oestradiol, the synthetic oestrogen in conventional 'combined' oral contraceptive tablets. A triple-blind study was therefore made of 215 women during 2051 treatment cycles with oral contraceptives containing either (i) 4 mg of micronized 17 beta-oestradiol and 3 mg norethisterone (Netagen 403), (ii) 4 mg 17 beta-oestradiol plus 2 mg of oestriol and 3 mg norethisterone (Netagen 423) or (iii) 50 microgram ethinyl oestradiol and 3 mg norethisterone (Netasyn). There were no pregnancies or thrombotic incidents. The numbers discontinuing treatment were about the same in the three groups, the main reasons being intermenstrual spotting in those on Netagen 423, amenorrhoea and weight gain in those on Netagen 403 and nausea and weight gain in those on Netasyn. The natural oestrogen showed promise as a new and safe component of the 'combined' pill.
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PMID:Clinical trial of a new oral contraceptive pill containing the natural oestrogen 17 beta-oestradiol. 38 69

The ovulation-inducing action of cyclofenil was investigated in 135 sexually mature women aged 20--35 years. The patients were only included in the trial if no ovulation in 2 consecutive cycles with the following criteria: basal temperature, cervix score, ascorbic acid retention, basophil count, serum hormone levels, e. g. LH and progesterone and the estrogens in the 24-hour urine could be determined. Ovulation was only considered to have occurred when all the parameters named indicated it. The lack of ovulation was accompanied by amenorrhea in 21 of the 135 patients. The ovulation rate in the 241 cycles observed was 101, corresponding to 42%. In the 114 patients with anovulatory cycles, the ovulation rate in the 184 cycles observed was 95, corresponding to 50%. In the 21 amenorrheic patients, ovulation occurred 6 times in the 57 cycles observed. Nausea or vomiting occurred as side effects in only 2 cases.
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PMID:[Ovulation induction by cyclofenil (author's transl)]. 41 97

Zinc deficiency may play a role in the etiology of anorexia nervosa. The symptoms of anorexia nervosa and zinc deficiency are similar in a number of respects, e.g., weight loss, loss of appetite, amenorrhea in females, impotence in males, nausea and skin lesions. In both conditions females under 25 are most at risk. Stress, estrogen and dietary habits may also be involved in the complex of factors which create or exacerbate a zinc deficiency and result in anorexia nervosa. It is proposed that effectiveness in the treatment of anorexia nervosa.
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PMID:The role of zinc in anorexia nervosa: etiology and treatment. 51 14

Ten hyperprolactinemic patients were treated by a daily dose of 5 mg bromergocryptine (Parlodel, Sandoz). The prolactine concentration in the peripherial blood showed a fast declind and after two months the patients were relieved from the symptoms (galactorrhea, amenorrhea). As side-effects of the compound headache and nausea were noted.
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PMID:[Treatment of hyperprolactinemic conditions with bromoergocryptine]. 57 Jul 84

10 amenorrhea-patients and 5 galactorrhea-amenorrhea-patients were treated wi2-Br-alpha-ergocryptine (CB 154) as a specific prolactin inhibitor. Side-effects, such as headaches, dizziness, and nausea could be reduced to a minimum by delivering the drug with the meal at night. Before and under the treatment hormone levels were determined in plasma and 24-hour-urine. In the beginning all 15 patients showed a hyperprolactinaemia with a nearly always simultaneously existing hypogonadotropinaemia and the absence of LH-peaks. Also the estrogen- and progesterone-concentrations were on the lower normal level or extremely suppressed. In all patients CB 154 therapy led to a quick decrease of the prolactin levels, to a regaining of typical LH- and FSH-episodes, as well as to a regeneration of ovarian function. 5 women reacted with an ovulation, 3 became pregnant. The galactorrhea diminished significantly and stopped finally after a treatment of one week to 6 months. Discontinuation of CB 154-therapy, however, often provoked the galactorrhea-amenorrhea-syndrome again. For women with normoprolactinaemic amenorrhea a gestagen- and estrogen-test were carried out in order to classify the amenorrhea-type and it was tried to induce an ovulation with Dyneric. For patients with a strong desire for children and without any organic cause for their sterility, in cases of ovarian insufficiency grade I and II a HMG-HCG-treatment was often indicated. In spite of a precise control in order to avoid an overstimulation of the ovaries about 1% of the Dyneric-treated and even 30% of the HMG-HCG-treated patients developed ovarian cysts. In spite of high doses of gonadotropins only 32,5% of our sterility-patients (group I and II) became pregnant, whereas about 60% of the hyperprolactinaemic amenorrhea-patients (group VI) conceived under CB 154 treatment.
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PMID:[Hyper- and normoprolactinaemia with amenorrhea and galactorrhea-amenorrhea-syndrom (author's transl)]. 58 43

After a brief survey of the expected advantages of the early interruption of pregnancy by the Karman method, the author describes his own observations on immediate and early complications in 850 cases. In the course of intervention, 7.45% of the patients reacted with a vegetative manifestation of cervical shock--pallor, nausea, vomiting, colic-like pain in the lower part of the abdomen (mainly in nullipara). The aspirated amount of material did not surpass 50 ml in women with amenorrhea of 40-45 days duration. The mean duration of the aspiration was 1 minute, 57 seconds. There was menstruation-like bleeding from day 3 to days 10-12 in 86.3% of the women with interruption of pregnancy. Its occurrence in 2.49% of the patients was preceded by colic-like pain and shortlived elevation of axillary temperature up to 38oC. Inflammatory complications were registered up to the 2nd month in 2.49% of the 79.3% followed. The aspiration system with the hand vacuum extractor (Malstrom type) was used successfully for creating negative pressure and thus the special syringe (Karman type) was replaced.
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PMID:[Early artificial termination of pregnancy by Karman's method]. 65 60

This study included a group of 50 women with amenorrhea-galactorrhea who were treated with bromocriptine (2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine). Forty-two of these patients ovulated, and 36 conceived within 8 months of treatment. The pregnancies of 30 women reached a duration of 20 weeks or longer following ovulation induced by bromocriptine. Except in 1 case which ended in 10-week spontaneous abortion, the pregnancies of 26 patients terminated in 24 single, one twin, and one triplet births. All of the 29 newborns were healthy, and no congenital malformations were detected. The main side effects during treatment were transient constipation and nausea. Following delivery, return to pretreatment status was noted in all patients, which supports the fact that bromocriptine is not a curative agent.
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PMID:Bromocriptine. Clinical experience in the induction of pregnancy in amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome. 71 26

Types of oral contraceptives, their mode of action, choice of dosage, side effects, and contraindications are summarized for the general clinician. A 50 mcg dosage of estrogen in a combination formula appears to be the minimum dose necessary for consistent protection from pregnancy although some compounds with less estrogen but a more powerful progestin appear to provide good protection. These lower dose estrogen formulations may be advised if estrogen-related symptoms such as nausea or breast soreness are encountered. In amenorrheao r symptoms of estrogen deprivation 80-100 mcgs of estrogen may be required. Although there is a risk of thromboembolic disease, hypertension, carbohydrate and lipid metabolic effects, gallbladder disease, hepatoma, and possible post-pill amenorrhea, these problems can be minimized by careful screening of patients. Benefits include decreased incidence of ovarian cysts, benign breast neoplasia, menstrual disorders, premenstrual syndrome, iron deficiency anemia, sebaceous cysts, and acne (due to decreased sebum production with estrogen adminsitration). Patients need to be reminded that the morbidity and mortality associated with pregnancy exceed that attributed to oral contraceptives.
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PMID:Oral contraception. 83 94

The amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome which occurs at a time other than the post-partum period is most often seen in association with a tumor of the pituitary gland; the symptoms are caused by a hypersecretion of prolactin. Among a series of 19 patients in Tel Aviv who underwent surgery for treatment of pituitary tumors, 2 presented with the amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome. The first patient, a 16 year old, presented with headaches, nausea, and diplopia; she underwent a series of 3 surgical procedures and died of a respiratory arrest in the third post-operative period. The second patient was a 39 year old woman who had borne 5 children; she presented with loss of vision, underwent surgery, and did well post-operatively. The authors point out that whereas either amenorrhea or galactorrhea alone may be associated with a number of disorders, the combination of the two symptoms is characteristic of pituitary tumors. Both patients who were presented in this article had chromophobe adenomas of the pituitary. The authors also discuss the various biologic actions of prolactin and its interrelationships with other hormones.
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PMID:[Pituitary tumors manifesting with amenorrhea-galactorrhea]. 96 24


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