Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The development of the antiprogestin RU-486, and its current use in France and the UK, potential other application, politics in the US, and future are presented. Ru-486, as commonly known by its company code name, rather than its generic name mifepristone, is an analogue of a progestin used in oral contraceptives, with an added chemical group that allows it to link up with the progesterone receptor, but prevents progesterone's effects. It was approved in France in 1988, and has been used for early abortion up to 7 weeks LMP on 80,000 women. French women, after an initial diagnostic appointment, take 3 200 mg tablets of RU-486, then 36-48 hr later return for a Sulprostone (prostaglandin) injection, and are checked up 4-6 weeks later. About 96% abort completely. Some have nausea, vomiting, or pain. Bleeding averages 9 days, and 1% require treatment for bleeding. 2 cardiovascular events and 1 heart attack have been associated with the prostaglandin, now contraindicated in smokers or women 35. In England, RU-486 abortions began in late 1991, for pregnancies up to 9 weeks, using a gentler prostaglandin, Gemeprost, in a vaginal suppository. Only company-trained doctors may order the drug. Research continues on lower doses of RU-486, other prostaglandins, and effects on the fetus if abortion fails. While there is no known basis for a teratogenic effect of the antiprogestin, strong uterine contractions brought on by prostaglandins, such as misoprostol, as abused for illegal abortion in Latin America, may cause birth defects. RU-486 is expected to be useful for inducing labor, dilating the cervix, emergency contraception, pre-surgical management of Cushing's syndrome, brain cancers with profesterone receptors, among other conditions. Several of the 400 or so antiprogestins known are being tested clinically, notably HRP 2000 by WHO. Political controversy is so intense in the US that Roussel, the maker of RU-486, has no intention of marketing it, and even research supplies are unreliable. Meanwhile, pro-choice groups are innovating ways to test and market antiprogestins legally, perhaps inside state lines. It is expected that a suitable prostaglandin, misoprostol, licensed for peptic ulcer, will be available soon, and even RU-486 will become generic by 1998 when its patent expires.
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PMID:Antiprogestins and the abortion controversy: a progress report. 178 9

Cervical priming with the aid of a single 15-ME-PGF2a vaginal suppository prior to IUD insertion resulted in cervical changes which facilitated the procedure. A 0.5 mg 15(S)-15-prostaglandin F2a methyl ester vaginal suppository was administered one hour prior to the IUD insertion in all patients studied. The insertion was performed in all patients studied. The insertion was performed from seven to seventeen days following the LMP with the exception of four patients with prolonged amenorrhea. A mean increase in cervical dilatation of 2.14 mm was achieved with minimal side effects. The cervical ripening and dilatation produced by the suppository increased the ease of IUD insertion , and expanded the time frame in which an IUD insertion could be performed. The method was well tolerated by all patients and eliminated the nausea and syncope often associated with IUD insertion.
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PMID:A new iud insertion technique utilizing cervical priming with prostaglandin. 712 35

A 43-year-old male renal transplant recipient, who received a living related renal transplant 7 years ago and had been maintained with tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), and prednisolone, was admitted to our hospital complaining of headache and nausea. MRI showed a large mass in the right hemisphere with ring-enhancement indicating brain abscess, tumor or lymphoma. Open biopsy was performed and pathological examination demonstrated diffuse proliferation of polymorphic cells, positive for CD20, bcl-2, EBER, and LMP-1. Based on these findings, primary central nervous system post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PCNS-PTLD) was diagnosed. MMF was discontinued and tacrolimus was tapered. After 2 weeks, MRI showed regression of the tumor size and after 9 months, the tumor had disappeared. Though many reports have shown the severity of PCNS-PTLD, and recommend aggressive treatments such as chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, our case shows that reduction of immunosuppressant alone with close observation could be a choice of treatment.
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PMID:[Remission induced by dose-reduction of immunosuppressants alone in a patient with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder of central nervous system origin]. 2164 72

Objective Primary retroperitoneal involvement of lymphoproliferative disorders is rare. Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in the retroperitoneum has been scarcely reported and the diagnostic workup is challenging due to difficulties in access for tissue acquisition. Materials and methods A 73-year-old female presented with epigastric pain and nausea. A computed tomography scan revealed retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy. An EUS-FNA was performed and a cytological diagnosis of lymphomatous disorder was made on direct smears .A panel of immunocytochemical markers was applied on cell block preparations and revealed a EBV related DLBCL (CD20 positive, PAX-5 positive, CD3 negative, MUM-1 positive, BCL-2 positive, BCL-6 positive, CD10 positive, MIB-1 positive, and LMP-1 positive). Conclusion Our case illustrates the utility of EUS-FNA in the work-up of retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy and the importance of cell block processing in the diagnostic approach of EBV related DLBCL.
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PMID:Diagnosis and immunocytochemical characterization of an EBV related diffuse B Large cell lymphoma of the retroperitoneum from cell block preparations obtained by means of EUS guided FNA. 3323 5