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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During an 8-year period, 30 patients with gas-producing infections were admitted for treatment of hyperbaric oxygen. Infection was a consequence of trauma and operation in 26 cases and a complication of other diseases in 4 cases. The definitive diagnoses were clostridial myositis in 12 cases, clostridial cellulitis in 7, non-clostridial cellulitis in 9 (mainly E. coli infections); in 2 cases the diagnoses were uncertain. Six cases of E. coli infection were misinterpreted as myositis and were treated with hyperbaric oxygen at 3 atm. abs. without effect. Five of these cases were cured by antibiotic therapy and surgical drainage. The risk of hyperbaric oxygen at 3 atm. abs. necessitates a strong indication for this kind of treatment. Thirteen cases of clostridial infections (2 with cellulitis, 11 with myositis) were successfully treated with hyperbaric oxygen except in 2 cases of myositis. Helpful data for the plausible diagnosis clostridial myositis in the acute stage were: a typical clinical picture with rapid progress of the local necrosis and inflammatory reaction, roentgenographically demonstrable intramuscular gas, and abundance of gram-positive rods in exudate from the inflammation. Laboratory data had a limited value. In some cases of clostridial myositis, a fall of hemoglobin to low values (less than 7.5 g%) was seen in the first 24 hours and high values of hemoglobin/plasma were noted in 4 cases. Incidents of side-effects from hyperbaric oxygen treatment were frequent but only a few were serious and these subsided during a short interruption of the treatment.
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PMID:Differential diagnosis and treatment of gas-producing infections. 110 64

Clinical sarcocystosis was studied in 37 goats after inoculation with graded doses of sporocysts of Sarcocystis capracanis. Eight uninoculated goats served as controls. Clinical response varied with the dose. Goats inoculated with 10-40 million sporocysts died between 11 and 13 days after inoculation (DAI), from interstitial pneumonia, vasculitis, and necrosis of mesenteric lymph nodes. All goats inoculated with 100,000 or 1 million sporocysts died between 19 and 23 DAI; clinical signs were anorexia, fever (40-41 C), anemia, and weight loss. Four of 4 goats inoculated with 50,000 sporocysts and 1 of 4 inoculated with 10,000 sporocysts died 24, 28, 39, 68, and 61 DAI, respectively. Goats inoculated with 1,000 sporocysts and uninoculated goats remained clinically normal. After day 18 and before day 68, packed cell volume and hemoglobin content decreased to as low as 11% and 3.6 g/dl, respectively. Alanine aminotransferase and lactic dehydrogenase activities were inconsistently increased. Blood urea nitrogen and bilirubin values were increased, reaching as high as 63 mg/dl and 10 mg/dl, respectively. Histologically, thymic atrophy, vasculitis, hepatitis, cholangitis, myocarditis, generalized myositis, and encephalomyelitis were the main microscopic findings. The cause of the anemia in goats that died after day 19 was not determined.
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PMID:Sarcocystosis in goats: clinical signs and pathologic and hematologic findings. 678 65

BACKGROUND. Dengue is an acute febrile illness caused by several arthropod-born viruses and characterized by biphasic fever, myalgia or arthralgia, rash, leukopenia and lymphadenopathy. Its diagnosis is based on knowledge of the geographic distribution of dengue viruses. CASE REPORTS Case no 1: A 11 year-old boy suffered from sudden onset of fever accompanied by retro-orbital headache, arthralgia and diffuse myalgia. There was no rash. Hemogram showed: hemoglobin: 11.6 g%; leukocytes: 3,400/mm3 (PMN: 76%); platelets: 190,000/mm3. A diagnosis of viral infection was considered, but, as the boy had recently been to the French West-Indies, a serologic study was performed. This was negative 2 days after the onset of disease and positive (specific IgM for the 4 dengue types), 13 days later. Case no 2: A 7 year-old boy suffered from sudden onset of fever. Severe calf muscle pain 4 days later led to his admission. Creatine phosphokinase activity was very high: 83,100 units (N: 30-120). Hemogram showed: hemoglobin: 11.4 g%; leukocytes: 2,500/mm3 (PMN: 60%); platelets: 124,000/mm3. A diagnosis of acute myositis was considered, but as the patient had recently visited Venezuela, a serologic study was performed. This was negative 8 days after the onset of disease and positive (specific IgM for the 4 dengue types) 16 days later. CONCLUSION. The first case is characteristic of the classical form of dengue fever. The second patient presented with very localized myalgia. The diagnosis in both cases was facilitated by the knowledge that the patient had recently stayed in an endemic area.
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PMID:[Dengue. Apropos of 2 cases]. 805 73

Although sarcoidosis has occasionally been associated with hemoglobinopathies, its association with dermatomyositis is extremely rare. A 24 y/o African American male with hemoglobin SC disease developed proximal weakness. He had heliotrope rash, muscle weakness, elevated serum CK, myositis by EMG, and no malignancy. A muscle biopsy confirmed dermatomyositis. Two years later, he was hospitalized with constitutional and respiratory symptoms and parotid enlargement. Chest X-ray and CT scan showed diffuse micronodular infiltration in both lungs and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. A transbronchial lung biopsy revealed non-caseating granulomata consistent with sarcoidosis. AFB and fungal stains and cultures were negative. Thus, in this case, sarcoidosis developed after or in association with dermatomyositis. A review of world's literature showed five other non-identical cases of dermatomyositis associated with sarcoidosis.
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PMID:Sarcoidosis and dermatomyositis in a patient with hemoglobin SC. A case report and literature review. 1095 67

The most common microorganisms isolated from septic arthritis are Staphylococcus aureus and streptoccocci. Septic arthritis due to Salmonella spp. are rare and the most commonly isolated species are S.Choleraesuis and S.Typhimurium. However the number of septic arthritis cases due to S.Typhi is low in literature. In this report, septic arthritis of hip due to S.Typhi in a multiple sclerosis patient who was under steroid therapy, was presented. A 25-year-old female patient was admitted to our clinic with the complaints of fever, left hip pain, standing and walking disability for 10 days. Her anamnesis revealed that she had had a multiple sclerosis attack and underwent triple pulse steroid therapy. Laboratory findings were as follows; WBC count: 16.300/mm3 (70% polymorphonuclear leukocyte), hemoglobin: 10.6 g/dl, erythrocyte sedimentation rate: 140 mm/hour, CRP: 28.7 g/L, AST: 86 U/L and ALT: 77 U/L. In lumbosacral magnetic resonance imaging, trochanteric bursitis and generalized myositis were detected in left hip joint compatible with septic arthritis. S.Typhi was isolated from patient's blood and operational tissue samples. Serum Salmonella TO and TH titers were found as 1/400 and 1/200, respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by disk diffusion method, and the isolate was found susceptible to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulphametoxazole. The patient was treated by surgery and also by two weeks parenteral (2 x 400 mg) and 6 weeks oral (2 x 500 mg) ciprofloxacin treatment. Six months follow-up of the patient revealed that clinical, radiological and laboratory findings were normal. As far as the national literature was considered, this was the first S.Typhi septic arthritis case involving the hip joint and demonstrating bacterial growth both in blood and operational tissue. The presentation of the infection as arthritis plus diffuse myositis and bursitis, is also noteworthy.
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PMID:[Septic arthritis of hip due to Salmonella Typhi in a patient with multiple sclerosis]. 2239 79

BACKGROUND Myonecrosis is one of the more poorly studied, painful manifestations of sickle cell crisis. Medical literature is sparse detailing the manifestations and management of such symptoms. In myonecrosis, red cells containing sickle hemoglobin become rigid, resulting in reduced blood flow and myonecrosis. CASE REPORT We present a case study of a patient in sickle cell crisis with an episode of acute pain and swelling to the intrinsic muscles of the foot as a prominent feature of the crises. Although muscle biopsy is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of myositis or myonecrosis, a low intensity signal on T1 and high intensity signal on T2 at the affected muscle belly can be as conclusive as imaging studies. In an actively sickling patient any invasive intervention should be avoided as it can result in ischemic necrosis of the tissues, due to interruption of capillary flow in end-arteries. CONCLUSIONS Early recognition is critical in sickle cell disease management, allowing for prompt and aggressive fluid resuscitation which remains a cornerstone in the management of most sickle cell vaso-occlusive crises. In this instance, off loading the extremity and early fluid resuscitation resolved the pain and swelling and prevented myonecrosis.
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PMID:Myonecrosis in Sickle Cell Anemia: Case Study. 2813 59

An alveolar hemorrhage case is reported as the initial manifestation of antisynthetase syndrome in a 40-year-old man, who is admitted to the Emergency Department for diagnostic approach of chronic cough and progressive dyspnea. The diagnosis of the alveolar hemorrhage was based on the presence of acute respiratory failure, decrease in hemoglobin levels, and observation of macrophages filled with hemosiderin. The antisynthetase syndrome was classified through a tomographic image compatible with a nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, along with antibodies associated to myositis (PL-12 and Ro-52). The study protocol was completed with the result of a myopathic pattern showed in electromyography. This patient presented a good response to steroids and disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD).
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PMID:Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage in a Patient with Antisynthetase Syndrome. 3146 62