Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Myositis in childhood is characterized by elevated serum levels of muscle-derived enzymes, proximal symmetrical muscle weakness, abnormal EMG and a muscle biopsy which frequently documents an inflammatory process. In the paediatric age group, JDMS is much more common than PM and occurs more frequently among females. Mortality has been reduced from 33 per cent to 7 per cent following the use of steroids. The development of calcifications (33 per cent) can be the most debilitating consequence of JDMS . It is our premise that JDMS is a distinct disease entity and that the increase in HLA-B8 and -DR3 in JDMS places this disease in the company of other immunopathic disorders. There are conflicting data concerning immunological abnormalities in JDMS , but there appears to be impairment of natural killing and evidence of complement activation. The frequent positive ANA in JDMS raises the speculation of its relationship to the antinuclear antibody, Jo-1, found in some adults with PM, which has specificity for tRNAHis. Most newly diagnosed JDMS patients have antibodies to Coxsackie B which may be related to the pathogenesis of this disease. Specific pathological findings of endothelial cells containing reticulotubular inclusions are associated with vessel occlusion, subsequent obliteration and increased Factor VIII levels in clinically active disease. In addition to physical therapy, prednisone is the drug most used, but immunosuppressive agents and plasmapheresis have been tried in severely ill children. Rigorous evaluation of the efficacy of these modalities is needed.
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PMID:Juvenile dermatomyositis and polymyositis. 673 23

Fibro-osseous pseudotumor of the digit is an unusual cutaneous process characterized histologically by a fibroblastic proliferation admixed with reactive/metaplastic osteoid formation. The osteoid formation can be florid and immature, mimicking the appearance of malignant osteoid-forming neoplasms. Fibro-osseous pseudotumor of the digit has histologic and clinical features in common with myositis ossificans. This has led many to consider the two to be synonymous. We studied three cases of fibro-osseous pseudotumor, compared to five cases of myositis ossificans, using routine light microscopy and a battery of immunohistochemical stains. Both entities displayed a "zoning" pattern of immature spindled areas admixed with more mature areas having osteoid metaplasia. This was more pronounced in myositis ossificans. In each lesion, the spindle cells stained positively for vimentin and actin. CD34 and Factor VIII highlighted the vasculature. No stromal staining for MAK-6 (cytokeratin) or S-100 was identified. Ki-67, a proliferation marker, showed positive staining of the stromal cells in both lesions, which was strongest in the immature spindled areas. The immunohistochemical and histologic similarities of the lesions support fibro-osseous pseudotumor of the digit being a cutaneous variant of myositis ossificans.
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PMID:Fibro-osseous pseudotumor of the digit: a comparison to myositis ossificans by light microscopy and immunohistochemical methods. 886 27