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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nearly all strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are sensitive to colomycin sulphomethate, but studies in the 1970s using large doses demonstrated significant renal and neurotoxic side-effects and it is not now commonly used. In this study colomycin (2 megaunits i.v. t.d.s.) has been used extensively in adult cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and its use reviewed to determine its efficacy and safety profile. Fifty-two CF patients (28 male, 24 female; mean age 26 yrs, range 17-39 yrs) received 135 courses (mean two courses each, range 1-7, median length 14 days) of i.v. colomycin (2,414 patient days in total). It was used in combination with one other i.v. antibiotic in 114 courses (85%) and with two others in 18 (13%). In all cases there was significant improvement in spirometry (pretreatment forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) % predicted mean 44.4, range 10-101; post-treatment mean 51.3, range 14-108; p<0.0001). No patient had any neurotoxicity but one developed a skin rash and myositis. There was no change in renal function (urea mean pretreatment 4.1 mmol x L(-1) (sD 1.4), mean post-treatment 43 (2.2), p=NS; creatinine mean pretreatment 77.9 mmol x L(-1) (15.3), mean post-treatment 803 (21.6), p=NS). In the authors' experience intravenous colomycin sulphomethate in moderate doses is an effective and safe antipseudomonal antibiotic which is easy to administer. Other clinicians should consider its use in patients with cystic fibrosis.
Eur Respir J 1998 Sep
PMID:Four years' experience of intravenous colomycin in an adult cystic fibrosis unit. 976 85

To investigate whether nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) is involved in the pathogenesis of inclusion-body myositis (IBM), we immunostained muscle biopsies of eight patients with IBM with specific antibodies against its p50 and p65 subunits. Approximately 70% of IBM vacuolated muscle fibers had strong focal accumulations of both NF-kappaB p50 and p65, which by immunoelectronmicroscopy, localized mainly to clusters of paired-helical filaments (PHFs). Virtually all necrotic fibers, in various muscle biopsies, had diffusely strong p50 immunoreactivity, whereas p65 immunoreactivity was present only in a small subset of necrotic fibers. At all neuromuscular junctions, postsynaptically there was strong p65 but no p50 immunoreactivity. Our data suggest that NF-kappaB plays a role in IBM pathogenesis. Different distributions of NF-kappaB subunits in necrotic fibers and at normal neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) suggests different roles of each subunit in human muscle pathology and physiology.
Neurosci Lett 1998 Sep 25
PMID:Immunolocalization of transcription factor NF-kappaB in inclusion-body myositis muscle and at normal human neuromuscular junctions. 977 24

We describe a patient with a streptococcal myositis/fasciitis and toxic shock syndrome following an intramuscular injection with diclofenac. A patient complaining of sore throat and headaches for two days and fever up to 38.5 degrees C for one day consulted her family physician. 75 mg of diclofenac were injected intramuscularly for symptomatic treatment. On the next day massive pain at the injection site and a generalized erythema occurs and fever up to 38.5 degrees C persists. She is admitted to the local hospital for suspected abscess formation. Despite rapid antibiotic treatment a septic shock develops. The patient is transferred to a tertiary care hospital. An extensive debridement is performed and the antibiotic regimen changed to high dose penicillin and clindamycin. The association of life threatening diseases due to Group A streptococci and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) is well documented by several case reports. We believe there is no longer any need for intramuscular injections of NSAID. The rare but severe complications preclude further use of the intramuscular dosage in view of the availability of oral alternatives.
Ther Umsch 1998 Sep
PMID:[Erythema and fever after diclofenac i.m]. 978 79

A 59-year-old man with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) had a white-blood-cell (WBC) count of 55,400/microliter when admitted in July 1997, and was placed on oral hydroxyurea (HU) of 1,500 mg/day. Treatment with 600 MU/day of interferon alpha (IFN alpha) was started on August 5. HU was discontinued when the patient's WBC count dropped to 8,100/microliter on August 18. However, HU was resumed about a month later, after his WBC count increased to 10,100/microliter, but discontinued when the patient started to complain of chills, high fever, and bilateral femoral pain. HU treatment was initiated again one week later, after the patient's WBC count had begun rising but ceased again after he experienced chills, high fever, and bilateral femoral pain. The patient's myogenetic enzymes were found to be increasing the following day, and a lymphocyte stimulation test (LST) with HU showed a high stimulation index of 41.7%. The elevation of myogenetic enzymes and the results of the LST suggested that myositis due to HU was the cause of the patient's clinical manifestations. His myositis spontaneously disappeared after HU was discontinued. Although the patient is no longer receiving HU, IFN alpha has brought his CML under control. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of myositis caused by HU.
Rinsho Ketsueki 1998 Sep
PMID:[Myositis caused by hydroxyurea in a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia]. 979 2

The authors report the case of a 22-year-old female suffering from thigh pain for 5 months. The first diagnosis considered was circumscribed myositis ossificans but the duration of symptoms and the radiological aspect mimicking some malignant features led to consider parosteal sarcoma as a possible diagnosis. Surgical resection was therefore requested and histological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of circumscribed myositis ossificans. This case emphasizes the difficulty in differentiating circumscribed myositis ossificans from a slowly growing tumor as both can be associated with increasing pain and a malignant radiological aspect. A surgical approach is therefore frequently necessary for definitive diagnosis and treatment.
Acta Orthop Belg 1998 Sep
PMID:[Diagnostic problems of circumscribed myositis ossificans: presentation of an atypical case]. 982 83

Fibrodysplasia (myositis) ossificans progressiva (FOP) is an extremely rare inherited disorder in which progressive ossification of major striated muscles, often following injury, is associated with abnormal skeletal patterning. Altered expression of bone morphogenetic proteins may be a contributory cause. To examine this hypothesis, we compared the patterns of expression of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) mRNAs from lymphoblastoid cell lines from two small multigenerational families with autosomal dominant transmission of FOP. Although affected members of both families showed the characteristic phenotype of FOP, one family was more severely affected than the other. Expression of mRNAs for BMP-1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 mRNAs were not detected within the more severely affected family, but BMP-4 mRNA was expressed in affected but not unaffected members of this family. The results of linkage exclusion analysis using a highly polymorphic microsatellite marker near the BMP-4 gene were consistent with linkage of FOP and BMP-4 in this family. Within the less severely affected family, affected and unaffected members showed similar levels of mRNA expression of BMPs 1, 2, 4, and 5, and linkage of FOP to the BMP-4 gene was excluded. It is concluded that clinical, radiographic, and biochemical data in these two families with FOP establish clinical and molecular heterogeneity and also suggest the possibility of genetic heterogeneity.
Calcif Tissue Int 1999 Sep
PMID:Phenotypic and molecular heterogeneity in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva. 1044 61

Myotendinous strain predominantly exhibits pathognomonic MR features. Whenever a patient's musculoskeletal symptoms lack temporal correlation with exercise, MR imaging may be valuable in distinguishing strain injury from other disorders of the myotendinous unit. Compared with myotendinous strain, myositis ossificans has variable and nonspecific MR appearances that may simulate neoplasm and require biopsy for diagnosis.
AJR Am J Roentgenol 1999 Sep
PMID:MR imaging of myotendinous strain. 1047 Sep 8

We report a case of juvenile dermatomyositis in which a dilated atonic esophagus was associated with delayed gastric emptying and intestinal mucosal thickening, resulting in a radiographic "stacked coin" appearance. These findings, which can also occur in infectious, neoplastic, or other immune-mediated diseases, broaden the spectrum of gastrointestinal tract manifestations in juvenile dermatomyositis. Physicians should be alert for these treatable manifestations in children with myositis who present with unexplained gastrointestinal symptoms, which are reversible with immunosuppressive therapy.
J Pediatr 1999 Sep
PMID:Novel gastrointestinal tract manifestations in juvenile dermatomyositis. 1048 6

A 44-year-old woman with a 5-year history of poorly controlled Type 1 diabetes mellitus presented with a painful, firm and warm swelling in her right thigh. Pain was severe but the patient was not febrile, and had no history of trauma or abnormal exercise. Laboratory tests showed ketoacidosis, major inflammation (erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) = 83 mm/h), normal white blood cell count and normal creatine kinase level. Plain radiographs were normal, and there were no signs of thrombophlebitis at Doppler ultrasound. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed diffuse enlargement and an oedematous pattern of the adductors, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius and sartorius of the right thigh. The patient's symptoms improved dramatically, making biopsy unnecessary, and a diagnosis of diabetic muscular infarction was reached. Idiopathic muscular infarction is a rare and specific complication of diabetes mellitus, typically presenting as a severely painful mass in a lower limb, with high ESR. The diabetes involved is generally poorly controlled longstanding Type 1 diabetes with established microangiopathy. Differential diagnoses include deep vein thrombosis, acute exertional compartment syndrome, muscle rupture, soft tissue abscess, haematoma, sarcoma, inflammatory or calcifying myositis and pyomyositis. In fact, physician awareness should allow early diagnosis on the basis of clinical presentation, routine laboratory tests and MRI, thereby avoiding biopsy and its potential complications as well as unnecessary investigations. Rest, symptomatic pain relief and adequate control of diabetes usually ensure progressive total recovery within a few weeks. Recurrences may occur in the same or contralateral limb.
Diabetes Metab 1999 Sep
PMID:Painful swelling of the thigh in a diabetic patient: diabetic muscle infarction. 1049 95

EXPERIMENTAL BASIS AND CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Remission of an autoimmune disease has been observed in certain patients after bone marrow allograft from a healthy donor. Autoimmune disease in the donor can also be transmitted to an unaffected recipient. These phenomena would be hematopoietic-dependent. BONE MARROW ALLOGRAFTS: Indications for the treatment of refractory autoimmune diseases are exceptional due to the related mortality even in patients without malignant hematologic disease. A NEW THERAPEUTIC CONCEPT: Therapeutic intensification, followed with autologous peripheral stem cell grafts, a procedure with a mortality below 3% in 1997, constitutes a therapeutic alternative in these difficult indication concerning severe refractory autoimmune diseases including: sclerodermia, vasculitis, lupus, inflammatory myositis, autoimmune cyopenia.
Presse Med 1999 Sep 18
PMID:[Bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. ISAMAIR Group]. 1052 Mar 23


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