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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thickness of the extraocular rectus muscles can be displayed and measured by non-standardized A-scan echography. To establish a norm for the thickness of the rectus muscles, 100 eyes of 50 subjects were examined, with the result that the four recti ranged from 3 mm to 5 mm in thickness. The methodology and the normal range derived may be helpful in the diagnosis and differentiation of diseases affecting the extraocular muscles, such as Graves' disease and myositis.
Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 1990 Sep
PMID:[Echographic measurement of extraocular muscles in vivo]. 208 38

We studied the immunologic correlates of disease activity and differences among subgroups of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy by analysing phenotypic and activation marker expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Compared with controls, myositis patients with clinically active disease (n = 51) had significantly lower proportions of CD8+ cells and higher proportions of PBMC that expressed DR, CD3- DR, CD14- DR, interleukin-2 receptors, and the late T cell activation markers CD26 and TLiSA1. TLiSA1 expression, a marker for cytotoxic differentiation, correlated significantly with both clinical activity indices and serum levels of muscle-associated enzymes. In serial studies of seven patients, the proportion of PBMC expressing MHC class II antigen and late T cell activation markers decreased as myositis disease activity decreased, independent of type of therapy. Among the clinical subgroups, polymyositis (n = 21) and inclusion body myositis (n = 11) were virtually indistinguishable; dermatomyositis patients (n = 19) showed decreased proportions of CD3+DR+ and TLiSA1+ cells, and increased proportions of CD20+ and CD20+DR+ cells compared with the other two groups. Patients with autoantibodies to histidyl-tRNA synthetase (Jo-1 antigen, n = 11) had significantly lower proportions of CD3+ and CD4+ cells, lower CD4/CD8 ratios, and higher proportions of CD+ cells expressing CD20, compared with patients without anti-Jo-1 antibodies. These findings support the concept that activated lymphocytes, especially cells undergoing anamnestic responses and cytotoxic differentiation, are important in the pathogenesis of idiopathic myositis. Moreover, taken together with other studies, these data suggest that groups of patients segregated by clinical or autoantibody status have different mechanisms of systemic immune activation and immunopathology.
Clin Exp Immunol 1990 Sep
PMID:Lymphocyte activation markers in idiopathic myositis: changes with disease activity and differences among clinical and autoantibody subgroups. 216 21

Eight patients who became ill while taking tryptophan had myalgia, fatigue, rash, fever, edema, alopecia, arthralgias, diminished joint motion, skin tightening, muscle cramping, and distal paresthesias. Three had shortness of breath, and one had pulmonary hypertension. Laboratory abnormalities included peripheral eosinophilia, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and elevated serum levels of aldolase, lactate dehydrogenase, and liver enzymes. Of 4 chest radiographs, 3 were abnormal. Of 5 skin and muscle biopsies, 4 showed sclerosis or mixed inflammatory cell infiltration of the dermis, subcutis, and fascia. Eosinophils were often present, but vasculitis was absent. Muscle inflammation was minimal. We conclude that the "eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome" is related to the ingestion of tryptophan and that abnormalities in the secretion of lymphokines may be important in its pathogenesis.
West J Med 1990 Sep
PMID:Tryptophan-induced eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome. 221 1

Benign fibrous lesions of the digits can present a considerable diagnostic challenge. Some lesions may resemble sarcomas, resulting in needless amputation. One such benign entity resembles myositis ossificans histologically but presents as an aggressive hand lesions. Unfortunately, this lesion has been given multiple names. It is most appropriately termed florid reactive periostitis. This paper reports a case of florid reactive periostitis in a 12-year-old girl.
Orthop Rev 1990 Sep
PMID:Pediatric update #15. Florid reactive periostitis of the digits. 223 59

Six cats (Nos. 1-6) were inoculated intramuscularly with (1 x 10(6)) and orally (5 x 10(5)) tachyzoites of Neospora caninum. Three (Nos. 1-3) of the six cats were given 40 mg/kg methylprednisolone acetate 7 days before and on the day of inoculation with N. caninum tachyzoites, and three cats (Nos. 4-6) were not given methylprednisolone acetate. Two of the cats (cat Nos. 1 and 2) given methylprednisolone acetate died suddenly. Cat No. 1 died 8 days post-inoculation, and cat No. 2 died 16 days post-inoculation. Cat No. 3 was euthanatized 21 days post-inoculation. Cat No. 1 had lesions of gram-positive bacterial septicemia. Necrotizing encephalitis, myelitis, disseminated skeletal muscle necrosis, hepatic necrosis, interstitial pneumonia, and renal tubular necrosis were the main lesions in cat Nos. 2 and 3. The cats that were not given methylprednisolone acetate remained clinically normal except for slight weight loss in cat No. 6. All three of these cats were euthanatized 55 days post-inoculation. Mild myositis and encephalitis were noted on microscopic examination of tissues from these three cats. Neuromuscular lesions were not seen in six control cats (Nos. 7-12) not inoculated with N. caninum and euthanatized 21 or 22 days after administration of the first two doses of methylprednisolone acetate (40 mg/kg), given at a weekly interval.
Vet Pathol 1990 Sep
PMID:Neosporosis in cats. 223 86

Bovine fetuses submitted to the California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System were evaluated during a 2-year period (1987 to 1989) for the presence of multifocal necrotizing nonsuppurative encephalitis, nonsuppurative myocarditis, or tissue protozoa. Eighty-two of 445 (18%) fetuses submitted met these histologic criteria. Fetuses were from 54 dairy and two beef herds located throughout the state. In 17 fetuses (21%) protozoa were found in fetal tissues. Protozoa were found in brain parenchyma of ten fetuses (12%), in endothelial cells in four fetuses (5%), in cardiac myofibers in one fetus (1%), and were associated with endothelial cells in two fetuses (2%). In most fetuses there were no significant gross pathologic findings other than autolysis. While aborted fetuses were from 3 to 9 months gestation, the majority were between 5 and 7 months gestation. They were submitted year round, but more were seen in the fall and winter months. Additional salient histologic features included portal nonsuppurative hepatitis, focal hepatic inflammation and necrosis, and focal nonsuppurative myositis. Nonsuppurative inflammation was also found in decreasing frequency, in the adrenal medulla, kidney, mesentery or abdominal fat, placenta, and lung. In two fetuses (Nos. 1 and 2), the location and morphology of the protozoa were compatible with Sarcocystis spp. The identity of protozoa in the remaining 15 fetuses is unknown. The histopathologic changes in these 82 fetuses and the presence of protozoa in 21% of the fetuses suggest these abortions are due to fetal protozoal infections.
Vet Pathol 1990 Sep
PMID:Bovine fetal encephalitis and myocarditis associated with protozoal infections. 223 88

High-grade atrioventricular heart block (HGAVB) occurring as a manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus is an exceedingly rare event. We describe a patient with HGAVB who had myositis and antibodies to nuclear RNP (previously associated with myocarditis). A review of the literature on HGAVB associated with systemic lupus erythematosus is also presented.
Arthritis Rheum 1989 Sep
PMID:High-grade atrioventricular heart block in an adult with systemic lupus erythematosus: the association of nuclear RNP (U1 RNP) antibodies, a case report, and review of the literature. 198 69

The results of 39 resections of the radial capitellum reviewed after an average of 12 years were excellent or good in 59% of the cases and fair or poor in 41%. The results were better in isolated fractures of the capitellum (excellent or good, 71%) compared with those with associated lesions in the same limb (excellent or good, 44%). A reduction of movement was frequently observed, particularly in pronation and supination, which was limited in 28% of the cases and abolished in 15%. In 4 patients there was a significant increase in cubitus valgus. Arthrosis was present in 45% and periarticular calcification in 74% of the cases. There were 5 cases of radioulnar synostosis and 4 cases of myositis ossificans. Subluxation of the distal radioulnar joint was observed in 26 wrists, 4 of which were painful. The results of resection of isolated fractures may be considered acceptable, while the prognosis of fractures with associated lesions is more unfavourable.
Ital J Orthop Traumatol 1989 Sep
PMID:Resection of the radial capitellum. Long-term results. 259 49

A case of ulcerative colitis in which multiple extraintestinal manifestations: erythema nodosum, pyoderma gangrenosum, vesicle pustule lesions, aseptic osteomyelitis and possible local myositis appeared in the course of an acute decompensation is presented. The pathogenesis of these lesions are discussed and the not previously reported association between ulcerative colitis and aseptic osteomyelitis is presented.
Rev Clin Esp 1989 Sep
PMID:[Sternal osteomyelitis associated with a severe attack of ulcerative colitis with multiple extra-intestinal manifestations]. 260 67

Thirty cases of tropical myositis, (22 suppurative, 8 non-suppurative) aged 11 to 65 years were seen in a period of one year. There were 22 males and 8 females. There was a total of 78 muscular lesions in 22 suppurative cases and 19 muscular lesions in 8 non-suppurative cases. The most common presentation was localised myalgia (100%), fever (96.7%) generalized myalgia (56.7%), arthralgia (40%), pain in abdomen (33.3%) and breathlessness (30%). Extramuscular complications were present in 50% cases. Twenty four muscle biopsies were taken. Sixteen showed changes of suppurative myositis i.e. non-specific acute inflammatory reaction, muscle necrosis with myocytolysis, vacuolation of cytoplasm and loss of striations. Cell mediated immunity was found to be suppressed in patients of non-suppurative myositis in comparison with the suppurative group. IgG, IgA and IgM were significantly raised in patients in comparison to controls (p less than 0.05). The intact humoral immunity indicates good response to acute phase reaction and increased levels of IgG, IgA and IgM (specially IgG) can be taken as good prognostic parameter.
J Assoc Physicians India 1989 Sep
PMID:Tropical myositis. A clinical immunological and histopathological study. 263 56


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