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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case study is given of a 25-year old woman with rhabdomyolysis associated with HIV infection. The presenting symptoms were a 1-week history of backache, gross swelling of both hands and feet, and weakness and marked pain in most muscle groups; 3 days before admission the urine was black and she was unable to walk. Multiple, firm 1-2 cm lymph nodes were revealed during examination. White blood cell count (WBC) was 22,000/microliter with 12 pc lymphocytes, 7.3 pc monocytes, and 80.5 pc polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Hemoglobin concentration was 15.8 g/deciliter; platelet count was 124,000/microliter with a Westergren ESR of 109 mm/h. An antinuclear antibody test was negative. Serum concentration of urea was 3.8 mmol/liter, creatinine 42 microliter/liter, sodium 128 mmol/liter, and potassium 5.9 mmol/liter. Microscopic examination of urine revealed WBC 100/HPF, red blood cells 20/HBF, and granular casts. The dipstick test showed blood land protein in the urine. Electromyography showed inflammatory myopathy. Creatine Kinase (CK) concentration was 2359 IU/liter and lactate dehydrogenase concentration 1000 IU/liter. Hemolysis was present from clinical or laboratory signs. The patient tested HIV positive by ELISA (Abbott) and Western blot (Dupont). Treatment consisted of administration of 60 mg/day of prednisolone orally. Over 2 weeks, swelling of limbs was reduced and CK concentration was reduced to 931 IU/liter. The patient was discharged and did not keep a follow-up appointment. The patient did not have a history of other predisposing conditions, only HIV infection and persistent muscle weakness and inflammatory myopathy. There is evidence from other patient studies of myopathy associated with HIV infection and polymyositislike illness. In this case study, the patient may have had a acute form of polymyositis, or acute viral myositis such as occurs with echo, influenza, coxsackie, and other viral infections. A detailed viral investigation was not performed. HIV infection may have directly infected myocytes or immunosuppression predisposing to acute myositis by other pathogens. HIV-related muscle disease should include rhabdomyolysis.
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PMID:Rhabdomyolysis associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. 180 50

We describe a patient who developed a benign myopathy with features suggestive of subacute perimysial inflammation. There was no blood eosinophilia or infectious agent identified. Creatine phosphokinase was not significantly elevated. Electromyography showed a myopathic process. Muscle biopsy showed predominantly subacute perimysial inflammation with rare eosinophils. The patient recovered completely after therapy with glucocorticoids and a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug. The features of our case were compared to known causes of myositis with or without eosinophils. It may be part of the spectrum of relapsing eosinophilic perimyositis or may be a condition previously unreported.
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PMID:Subacute perimyositis. 318 78

BACKGROUND. Dengue is an acute febrile illness caused by several arthropod-born viruses and characterized by biphasic fever, myalgia or arthralgia, rash, leukopenia and lymphadenopathy. Its diagnosis is based on knowledge of the geographic distribution of dengue viruses. CASE REPORTS Case no 1: A 11 year-old boy suffered from sudden onset of fever accompanied by retro-orbital headache, arthralgia and diffuse myalgia. There was no rash. Hemogram showed: hemoglobin: 11.6 g%; leukocytes: 3,400/mm3 (PMN: 76%); platelets: 190,000/mm3. A diagnosis of viral infection was considered, but, as the boy had recently been to the French West-Indies, a serologic study was performed. This was negative 2 days after the onset of disease and positive (specific IgM for the 4 dengue types), 13 days later. Case no 2: A 7 year-old boy suffered from sudden onset of fever. Severe calf muscle pain 4 days later led to his admission. Creatine phosphokinase activity was very high: 83,100 units (N: 30-120). Hemogram showed: hemoglobin: 11.4 g%; leukocytes: 2,500/mm3 (PMN: 60%); platelets: 124,000/mm3. A diagnosis of acute myositis was considered, but as the patient had recently visited Venezuela, a serologic study was performed. This was negative 8 days after the onset of disease and positive (specific IgM for the 4 dengue types) 16 days later. CONCLUSION. The first case is characteristic of the classical form of dengue fever. The second patient presented with very localized myalgia. The diagnosis in both cases was facilitated by the knowledge that the patient had recently stayed in an endemic area.
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PMID:[Dengue. Apropos of 2 cases]. 805 73

"Healthy" diets and supplements are widely used for prevention and disease modification in vascular, inflammatory and degenerative neurological diseases. Apart from a large number of cross-sectional and prospective cohort studies, there are only few interventional studies on individual dietary measures. A recent study confirmed the stroke preventive effect of a Mediterranean diet rich in olive oil and nuts; a ketogenic diet reduces seizure frequency in epilepsy. Supplementation of riboflavin, magnesium and coenzyme Q10 are probably effective in migraine prophylaxis. Creatine can improve muscle strength in muscular dystrophy and myositis. There is insufficient evidence to recommend any of the many dietary supplements, such as vitamins, omega-3 fatty acids and other substances for the prevention or improvement of all other neurological diseases. This review critically evaluates the present data on the role of nutrition and dietary supplements in neurological diseases.
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PMID:[Nutrition and dietary supplements in neurological diseases]. 2540 88

Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) includes clinical and laboratorial manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma and polymyositis along with high titres of anti-U1RNP antibodies. In the initial phases of the disease, muscle enzyme levels increase but the disease remains generally subclinical. Presentation with myositis is uncommon. Our objective is to report a rare case of a patient who presented with a severe onset of myositis characterized by dysphagia, an increase in myopathy and joint involvement suggestive of RA. The patient was initiated on pulse corticosteroid therapy along with methotrexate in view of her elevated Creatine Kinase levels and biopsy findings that were suggestive of severe myositis. The patient showed clinical and laboratory improvement with this regimen. Though severe myositis and arthritis can occur in overlap syndrome, MCTD evolved as a separate disease entity due to presence of high titres of Anti U1-RNP antibodies. The authors emphasize that this is an extremely rare presentation of MCTD with only two previous cases seen in literature, one of a 13 year old child and the other being an adult female both of whom had evidence of myositis on presentation.
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PMID:A Rare Case of Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD) with Intricate Features of Lupus, Polymyositis and Rheumatoid Arthritis Presenting with Severe Myositis. 2595 55

Diabetic myonecrosis or diabetic muscle infarction (DMI), is a very rare and under-recognised complication of poorly controlled long-standing diabetes mellitus. We report a case of a 59-year-old male, who had diabetes for ten years. He presented with bilateral thigh pain of insidious onset for three months and difficulty in walking, with a similar episode in his right thigh in 2015. Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) was one and half times the normal upper limit. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of his thighs showed symmetrical bulky muscles with hyperintensities on T2-weighted and short tau inversion recovery (STIR) images, supporting a clinical diagnosis of idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM). However, a review of histopathology slides of a muscle biopsy from the right vastus lateralis performed in 2015 showed muscle fibre ischaemic necrosis suggestive of muscle infarction. Thus a diagnosis of recurrent diabetic myonecrosis was made and the patient was treated with bed rest, opioids and aspirin with gradual recovery.
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PMID:Diabetic myonecrosis: an unusual mimicker of idiopathic inflammatory myositis. 3256 86